http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Yamazaki, Takeshi,Takeda, Hisato,Nishiura, Akiko,Sasai, Youji,Sugawara, Naoko,Togashi, Kenji Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.5
We examined the correlations between lactation curve shape, including persistency and changes in body condition score (BCS) during early-stage (0 to 30 days in milk (DIM)), nadir-stage (31 to 90 DIM), and late-stage (91 to 240 DIM) lactation in 191 first-lactation cows. Data used were first-parity BCS records, scored twice every month after calving, and daily milk yields. Individual lactation curves were depicted by the Wilmink function. Lactation persistency was defined as the difference in estimated milk yields between 240 DIM and 60 DIM. Changes in BCSs in the early and late stages were defined as linear regression coefficients. There were no significant correlations between traits for lactation curve shape and change in BCS in early-stage lactation. Peak yield and total milk yield were negatively correlated with BCSs in nadir- and late-stage lactation and with BCS change in late-stage lactation, suggesting that cows with high lactation yields had low body reserves and health status in mid- to late lactation and had delayed recovery of body reserves. Lactation persistency was positively correlated with change in BCS in late-stage lactation, suggesting that cows with high lactation persistency tended to be healthy and to recover their body reserves well in late lactation.
Yamazaki, Takeshi,Takeda, Hisato,Hagiya, Koichi,Yamaguchi, Satoshi,Sasaki, Osamu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.10
Objective: Because lactation periods in dairy cows lengthen with increasing total milk production, it is important to predict individual productivities after 305 days in milk (DIM) to determine the optimal lactation period. We therefore examined whether the random regression (RR) coefficient from 306 to 450 DIM (M2) can be predicted from those during the first 305 DIM (M1) by using a RR model. Methods: We analyzed test-day milk records from 85,690 Holstein cows in their first lactations and 131,727 cows in their later (second to fifth) lactations. Data in M1 and M2 were analyzed separately by using different single-trait RR animal models. We then performed a multiple regression analysis of the RR coefficients of M2 on those of M1 during the first and later lactations. Results: The first-order Legendre polynomials were practical covariates of RR for the milk yields of M2. All RR coefficients for the additive genetic (AG) effect and the intercept for the permanent environmental (PE) effect of M2 had moderate to strong correlations with the intercept for the AG effect of M1. The coefficients of determination for multiple regression of the combined intercepts for the AG and PE effects of M2 on the coefficients for the AG effect of M1 were moderate to high. The daily milk yields of M2 predicted by using the RR coefficients for the AG effect of M1 were highly correlated with those obtained by using the coefficients of M2. Conclusion: Milk production after 305 DIM can be predicted by using the RR coefficient estimates of the AG effect during the first 305 DIM.
Takeshi Chida,Kazuhito Kawata,Kazuyoshi Ohta,Erika Matsunaga,Jun Ito,Shin Shimoyama,Satoru Yamazaki,Hidenao Noritake,Tetsuro Suzuki,Takafumi Suda,Yoshimasa Kobayashi 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.2
Background/Aims: Changes in lipid profiles in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) during direct-acting antiviral therapy have been reported in recent years. However, the clinical aspects of disturbed lipid metabolism in chronic HCV infection have not been fully elucidated. Methods: Dynamic changes in serum total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein levels in patients infected with HCV genotype 1b were examined during combination therapy with daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV). Results: Total, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol levels increased rapidly and persistently after week 4. Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B, apo C-II, and apo C-III levels were significantly higher at week 4 than at week 0. In contrast, apo A-II and apo E levels were significantly lower. The differences in LDL- and HDL-cholesterol levels were positively correlated with those of apo B and apo A-I, respectively. Interestingly, in patients with non-sustained virological response, these cholesterol levels decreased rapidly after viral breakthrough or viral relapse. Furthermore, similar changes were observed for apo A-I, apo B and apo C-III levels. Conclusions: Clearance of HCV using combination therapy with DCV and ASV results in rapid changes in serum lipid profiles, suggesting an influence of HCV infection on disturbed lipid metabolism.
General Analysis of Horizontal Merger
Koji Okuguchi,Takeshi Yamazaki 서울대학교 경제연구소 1994 Seoul journal of economics Vol.7 No.3
A new method of proof is presented for the existence of a unique Cournot equilibrium in oligopoly with a merged entity and independent firms. The method is then applied to derive price-enhancing effect of an increase in the number of merged firms. On the basis of the existence proof and stability condition, a sufficient condition is derived for an increase in the number of merged firms to be profitable. This condition is illustrated for a simple case of linear demand and identical quadratic cost functions. Finally, a numerical example is given.
Two-Stage Cournot Oligopolies with Industry-wide Externalities
Koji Okuguchi,Takeshi Yamazaki 서울대학교 경제연구소 1996 Seoul journal of economics Vol.9 No.1
A two-stage Cournot oligopoly with cost functions involving externalities is formulated. A unique subgame perfect Cournot-Nash Equilibrium is proven to exist under a set of reasonable assumptions. The existence proof consists of solving two fixed-point problems for the industry output. The perfect equilibrium is then compared with one-shot Cournot oligopoly equilibrium. The effects of entry are also analyzed. Our result will be illustrated using linear cost and demand functions.
Bispectral index-guided propofol sedation during endoscopic ultrasonography
Ayana Okamoto,Ken Kamata,Takeshi Miyata,Tomoe Yoshikawa,Rei Ishikawa,Tomohiro Yamazaki,Atsushi Nakai,Shunsuke Omoto,Kosuke Minaga,Kentaro Yamao,Mamoru Takenaka,Yasutaka Chiba,Toshiharu Sakurai,Naoshi 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.4
Background/Aims: Bispectral index (BIS) monitors process and display electroencephalographic data are used to assess the depth ofanesthesia. This study retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of BIS monitoring during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Methods: This study included 725 consecutive patients who underwent EUS under sedation with propofol. BIS monitoring was usedin 364 patients and was not used in 361. The following parameters were evaluated: (1) median dose of propofol; (2) respiratory and circulatorydepression; (3) occurrence of body movements; (4) awakening score >8 at the time; and (5) awakening score 2 hours afterleaving the endoscopy room. Results: The BIS group received a significantly lower median dose of propofol than the non-BIS group (159.2 mg vs. 167.5 mg;p=0.015) in all age groups. For patients aged ≥75 years, the reduction in heart rate was significantly lower in the BIS group than in thenon-BIS group (1.2% vs. 9.1%; p=0.023). Moreover, the occurrence of body movements was markedly lower in the BIS group than inthe non-BIS group (8.5% vs. 39.4%; p<0.001). Conclusions: During EUS examination, BIS monitoring is useful for maintaining a constant depth of anesthesia, especially in patients75 years of age or older.
Suzuki, Yushi,Shimizu, Yusuke,Kasai, Shogo,Yamazaki, Shun,Takemaru, Masashi,Kitamura, Takuya,Kawakami, Saori,Tamura, Takeshi Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.4
Background Pedicled flaps are useful for reconstructive surgery. Previously, we often used vascularized supraclavicular flaps, especially for head and neck reconstruction, but then shifted to using thoracic branch of the supraclavicular artery (TBSA) flaps. However, limited research exists on the anatomy of TBSA flaps and on the use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence videoangiography for supraclavicular artery flaps. We utilized ICG fluorescence videoangiography to harvest reliable flaps in reconstructive operations, and describe the results herein. Methods Data were retrospectively reviewed from six patients (five men and one woman: average age, 54 years; range, 48-60 years) for whom ICG videoangiography was performed to observe the skin perfusion of a supraclavicular flap after it was raised. Areas where the flap showed good enhancement were considered to be favorable for flap survival. The observation of ICG dye indicated good skin perfusion, which is predictive of flap survival; therefore, we trimmed any areas without dye filling and used the remaining viable part of the flap. Results The flaps ranged in size from $13{\times}5.5cm$ to $17{\times}6.5cm$. One patient received a conventional supraclavicular flap, four patients received a TBSA flap, and one patient received a flap that was considered to be intermediate between a supraclavicular flap and a TBSA flap. The flaps completely survived in all cases, and no flap necrosis was observed. Conclusions The TBSA flap is very useful in reconstructive surgery, and reliable flaps could be obtained by using ICG fluorescence videoangiography intraoperatively.