Effect of Pressure on the Intermediate-valence Semiconductor SmB6 : 11B-NMR

Kohei Nishiyama,Takeshi Mito,Ko-ichi Ueda,Takehide Koyama,Takao Kohara,Gabriel Prist´aˇs,Slavom´ır Gab´ani,Mari´an Reiffers,Karol Flachbart,Yasuhiro Komaki,Mitsutane Kokubu,Hideto Fukazawa,and Yoh Koh 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

We report the first high-pressure 11B-NMR studies above 3 GPa on the intermediate-valencesemiconductor SmB6. A 11B-NMR line obtained at 4.9 GPa, the highest pressure for the measurements,and at 1.9 K shows quite similar a line shape to that at ambient pressure, indicating nostructural or magnetic phase transition up to this pressure. The temperature dependence of thespin lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 at 4.9 GPa still exhibits an activation-type temperature dependencecharacteristic of semiconductors, which reveals an obvious decrease in the insulating gap byabout 30% compared to the gap at ambient pressure. The present experimental facts of a finiteinsulator gap and no magnetic order at 4.9 GPa are consistent with recent transport measurementsperformed under better hydrostatic pressures.

Differences in the panoramic appearance of cleft alveolus patients with or without a cleft palate

Fujii Takeshi,Kuwada Chiaki,Kise Yoshitaka,Fukuda Motoki,Mori Mizuho,Nishiyama Masako,Nozawa Michihito,Naitoh Munetaka,Ariji Yoshiko,Ariji Eiichiro 대한영상치의학회 2024 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.54 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the panoramic image differences of cleft alveolus patients with or without a cleft palate, with emphases on the visibility of the line formed by the junction between the nasal septum and nasal floor (the upper line) and the appearances of the maxillary lateral incisor. Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 238 patients with cleft alveolus were analyzed for the visibility of the upper line, including clear, obscure or invisible, and the appearances of the maxillary lateral incisor, regarding congenital absence, incomplete growth, delayed eruption and medial inclination. Differences in the distribution ratio of these visibility and appearances were verified between the patients with and without a cleft palate using the chi- square test. Results: There was a significant difference in the visibility distribution of the upper line between the patients with and without a cleft palate (p<0.05). In most of the patients with a cleft palate, the upper line was not observed. In the unilateral cleft alveolus patients, the medial inclination of the maxillary lateral incisor was more frequently observed in patients with a cleft palate than in patients without a cleft palate. Conclusion: Two differences were identified in panoramic appearances. The first was the disappearance (invisible appearance) of the upper line in patients with a cleft palate, and the second was a change in the medial inclination on the affected side maxillary lateral incisor in unilateral cleft alveolus patients with a cleft palate.

Genetic Investigation of Some Behaviors and Impairments with Autism Spectrum Disorders Using Structural Equation Modeling

Makoto Tomita,Takeshi Nishiyama,Hiroko Taniai,Taishi Miyachi,Satoshi Sumi,문승호 한국자료분석학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.11 No.3

Autism is a severe developmental disorder of unknown etiology but with evidence for genetic influences. The current study combined 47 twins in order to improve statistical power. At least one proband in each pair was diagnosed as having autism spectrum disorder(ASD), using the DSM-IV category of pervasive developmental disorder. An investigation of genetic structure underlying autistic traits was performed. We use bivariate coefficient for this study. Among all possible values of the parameters, we found the maximum-likelihood estimate(MLE), the value that maximizes the log-likelihood for the model. A best fitting model of influences on autistic traits, incorporating additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C) and non-shared environmental influences (E), was generated using this model framework. We got the AE model as the best model by Akaike's information criterion(AIC), then the estimated heritability was 0.74 for restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests(RRBI), whereas for social impairments(SI) it was 0.96. They are very high values of heritability, respectively.

Associations between Work-Related Factors and Happiness among Working Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Taiji Noguchi,Sadao Suzuki,Takeshi Nishiyama,Takahiro Otani,Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda,Miki Watanabe,Akihiro Hosono,Yuya Tamai,Tamaki Yamada 대한노인병학회 2022 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.26 No.3

Background: As the global population ages, the number of older adults working after retirement is increasing. However, knowledge regarding working conditions for health and happiness among this population is insufficient. Therefore, we examined the association between work-related factors (e.g., employment status, daily working time, work-related stress) and happiness among working older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited Japanese older adults, aged 65 years and older, who were engaged in paid work, during their annual health checkups. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess happiness, employment status, daily working time, and work-related stress (i.e., job strain, job control, job suitability, and relationships at work). Results: The data of 520 men and 168 women were analyzed (mean ages, 68.5 years and 68.0 years, respectively). The results of the multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that low job suitability was negatively associated with happiness in men (odds ratio [OR]=0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28–0.78; p=0.004). In women, long working hours and low job control were negatively associated with happiness—working >8 hours daily (OR=0.29; 95% CI, 0.12–0.71; p=0.008) and low job control (OR=0.29; 95% CI, 0.12–0.72; p=0.009). Conclusion: The results showed that low job suitability for men and long daily working time and low job control for women were negatively associated with happiness. These findings suggest the need to improve working conditions to enhance the well-being of working older adults.

Heritability of Cerebral Palsy Using Structural Equation Modeling

Makoto Tomita,Hiroko Taniai,문승호,Takeshi Nishiyama,Satoshi Sumi 한국자료분석학회 2009 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.11 No.4

Cerebral palsy(CP) is an umbrella term encompassing a group of non- progressive, non-contagious conditions that cause physical disability in human development, however it is unknown etiology with evidence for genetic influences. The current study combined 10 monozygotic twins, 17 dizygotic twins and 1 monozygotic triplets in order to improve statistical power. At least one proband in each pair was diagnosed as having cerebral palsy. An investigation of genetic structure underlying cerebral palsy was performed. We use binary responses for this study. Among all possible values of the parameters, we found the maximum-likelihood estimate(MLE), the value that maximizes the log-likelihood for the model using statistical package "Mx". A best fitting model of influences on cerebral palsy, incorporating additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C) and non-shared environmental influences (E), was generated using this model framework. From the AE or CE model which was the best model by Akaike's information criterion(AIC), however we got a result of the estimated heritability was almost zero for cerebral palsy.

Lack of Associations between Genetic Polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Multi-Institutional Case-Control Study in Japan

Yamada, Ikuhiro,Matsuyama, Masato,Ozaka, Masato,Inoue, Dai,Muramatsu, Yusuke,Ishii, Hiroshi,Junko, Ueda,Ueno, Makoto,Egawa, Naoto,Nakao, Haruhisa,Mori, Mitsuru,Matsuo, Keitaro,Nishiyama, Takeshi,Ohkaw Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1

Background: We aimed to evaluate the role of genetic polymorphisms in tobacco carcinogen-metabolizing genes and their interactions with smoking in a hospital-based case-control study of Japanese subjects. Materials and Methods: We examine the associations of pancreatic cancer risk with genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1, phase II enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of toxic and carcinogenic electrophilic molecules. The study population consisted of 360 patients and 400 control subjects, who were recruited from several medical facilities in Japan. Unconditional logistic regression methods were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between genotypes and pancreatic cancer risk. Results: Among the control subjects, the prevalence of the GSTM1-null genotype and the GSTT1-null genotype was approximately 56% and 48%, respectively. Cases and controls were comparable in terms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype distributions. Neither of the deleted polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 was associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer, with an age- and sex-adjusted OR of 0.99 (95%CI: 0.74-1.32) for the GSTM1-null genotype, and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.73-1.31) for the GSTT1-null genotype. The OR was 0.97 (95%CI: 0.64-1.47) for individuals with the GSTM1 and GSTT1-null genotypes compared with those with the GSTM1 and GSTT1- present genotypes. No synergistic effects of smoking or GST genotypes were observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate no overall association between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk in the Japanese subjects in our study.