山林 및 木材需給現況에 따르는 營林計劃과 山林經營改善

朴泰植 서울大學校農科大學 1984 서울대농학연구지 Vol.9 No.1

韓國의 山林面積은 全國土의 66%를 차지하는 6,5534ha이며 이중 國有林이 20%, 公有林은 8%, 私有林이 72%를 占有하고 있는데 全蓄積은 157,755千㎥로서 ha당 平均蓄積이 不過 24㎥에 지나지 않는다. 齡級에 따르는 面積과 蓄積의 構成은Ⅰ-Ⅱ 齡級이 面積에 있어서 84.3%, 蓄積으로는 51%를 차지하고 있어서 壯齡林과 成熟林의 比가 작다. 그리하여 年間伐採量은 130萬㎥에 지나지 않아 總木材需要量(700∼800萬㎥)의 80% 이상을 輸入하고 있다. 앞으로 外材輸入은 점점 어려워질 것이므로 長期的인 木材增産計劃을 세워 着實하게 實踐해 나아가야 할 것이다. 그런데 우리나라의 山林所有形態는 72%가 私有林이고, 이 私有林은 176萬名에 의하여 所有되고 있으므로, 山主1人當 山林面積이 2.7ha로서 個別的 經營을 하려면 面積이 너무 작아서 좋은 成果를 거두기 어렵다. 그러므로 山主들이 모여서 協業하는 協業林業經營이 導入되어야 한다. 協業은 ① 共同作業, ② 共同利用, ③ 共同管理, ④ 協業經營의 4가지 形態로 이루어질 수 있을 것이다. 協業林業經營을 計劃하는데 있어서는 混牧, 混農林業을 導入한 複合經營과, 林地를 多角的으로 利用하는 多角的林地利用計劃이 實施되어, 收入의 早期化와 收入源의 多樣化가 도모되어야 한다. 混農ㆍ混牧의 複合林業經營과 林地의 多角的 利用計劃은 다음과 같은 內容으로 구성되는 것이 바람직 하다고 思料된다. ① 牧畜林地에서의 養畜 ② 山林內의 養蜂 ③ 藥草栽培 ④ 小規模果樹栽培 ⑤ 有實樹栽培 ⑥ 速成樹栽培 ⑦ 표고 등의 버섯栽培 ⑧ 小俓木材의 共同販賣 ⑨ 山林副産物의 增殖과 採取 ⑩ 特殊林産物의 增殖과 採取 ⑪ 觀賞樹栽培 이와 같은 林業經營의 協業化를 도모하는데 있어서는 事業이 定着될 때까지 적절한 資金措置와 有能한 指導員을 政府에서 確保해 주어야 한다. 그리고 複合的ㆍ多角的 林業의 協業化는 與件을 갖춘 곳에서부터 核心的으로 시작하여 서서히 擴大해 나아가도록 하는 것이 要望된다. The total forest land of Korea is estimated at about 6.55 million ha which is equivalent to 66% of total land in Korea. Of the total forest land, 20% belongs to the national forest, 8% to public forest and 72% to private forest. The total growing stock is about 157 million cubic meters, and average growing stock per ha is calculated at 24 cubic meters. More than 51% of total growing stock, 84.3% in terms of forest land, are under age groupⅡ, therefore, the amount of annual cut is no more than 1.2-1.3 million cubic meters (equivalent to 20% of annual increment). The domestic timber can supply only 16.5% of total timber demands, consequntly, more than 80% of the timber needed are to be imported. It is urgently needed to take positive actions for a long term forest production plan. In pursuing a reinforced long term production program, the measures of improvement on private forests must be taken into consideration because over 2/3 of the total forest land belongs to private forests. The private forest lands are devided into 1.7 million owners, and average forest land per owner is calculated to 2.7 ha accordingly. The average holdings in private forest lands are too small to manage forest lands rationally, therefore, a cooperative forest management system has to be practiced employing the following four cooperative types: 1) cooperative working; 2) cooperative use of facilities; 3) cooperative purchasing and selling; 4) full cooperative management. In planning of the forest cooperative management, a mixed forest management system with agricultural cultivation and live stock raising, so called agri-pasture-forestsry, must be introduced and multi-purpose forest land use management program should be practiced in order to expedite early incomes and expand income sources. The agri-pasture-forestry and multi-purpose forest land use management programs should be based on the followings. 1) live stock raising on pasture-forest land. 2) honey-bee raising in forest. 3) medical plant cultivation. 4) small scale orchard management. 5) fruit bearing tree planting. 6) fast growing tree planting. 7) mush-room cultivation. 8) cooperative marketing for small logs harvested in thinning. 9) forest by-products raising and collection. 10) raising and collection of special forest products such as resin. 11) ornamental tree cultivation. The government must provide enough funds and skilful extension workers in order to ensure concrete results, and it is requested to enlarge multiple cooperative forest management programs on private forests one by one, starting firstly from essential core place, not whole at a time.

영상처리 알고리즘 특성 데이터베이스의 구축

함태식,심영석,박성한 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1994 공학기술논문집 Vol.3 No.1

In the real world, an image processing job requires different specifications depending on its environment. The systematic solution of their problems needs thecharacteristic database of image processing algorithms under various environments. For this purpose, this paper analyses the characteristics of image processing algorithms according to the input/output features and execution specifications. A method to select the sequence of the best fit sub-algorithms based on the analysis is also purposed. In this way, users who are not familiar with image processing jobs can automate their goals. Finally, we construct the characteristic database of image processing algorithms.

LAN 성능 평가 및 모니터링 기법

김태우,박정식 성공회대학교 2001 성공회대학논총 Vol.- No.16

흰쥐 정소 간질세포의 발생에 관한 형태학적 연구

이법이,백태경,정호삼,이규식,박준영 한양대학교 의과대학 1993 한양의대 학술지 Vol.13 No.1

It is well known that interstitial cell of Leydig is developed from the mesenchymal cell in the intestitial tissue of the testis during fetal period, but it gradually regressed until puberty when mature Leydig cell is derived from the mesenchyme of interstitial tissue of fetal Leydig cell. The function of the Leydig cell is synthesis and secretion of testosterone which influences on differentiation of male geritalia at fetal period, and revealation of male secondary sexual characteristies and differentiation of sperm at puberty. To investigate the differentiation of interstitial cell in interstitium and ultrastructural changes of interstitial cell in rat testis and ultrastructural changes of interstitial cell in rat testis and relation to testosterone secretion, the author has studied this experiment. Fetal rats on the 16th, 18th and 20th gestational days and rats on the 1st, 3rd, 7th day, 2nd, 3rd and 8th week after birth were used as experimental animals. Some of obtained testis were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopic study, and other specimens were double stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate for electron microscopic study. The results were as follows: 1. On the 16th day of pregnancy, a few of round eosinophilic Leydig cells are firstly observed in the interstitium of testis in fetal rat. On the 18th and 20th day of pregnance, 1st and 3rd day of neonatal life, a number of Leydig cells forming cellular cord were observed. On the 1st and 2nd week after birth, number and size of Leydig cell are markedly reduced but on teh 3rd week after birth Leydig cells are reappeared. On the 8th week after birth distribution of Leydig cells is similar to that in adult rat testis. 2. On the 18th and 20th day pregnancy, and 1st and 3rd day of neonatal life, circular or oval shaped mitochondria matrix were observed in the Leydig cell. On the 1st and 2nd week after birth, giant mitochondria and mitochondria with disorganized mitochondrial crista were revealed. On the 3rd and 8th week after birth, appearances of mitochondria were similar to that in Leydig cell of the rat testis on the 20th day of pregnancy. 3. Numerous and round cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum were observed in Leydig cell of rat testis on the 18th and 20th day of pregnancy. 1st and 3rd day of neonatal life, and 1st week after birth . Horseshoe-shaped deformity and reduction in number of cisternae of smooth endopalmic reticulum were revealed in Leydig cells on the 2nd week after birth. Numerous and round cisternae of smooth endoplasmic reticulum were seen on the 3rd and 8th week after birth. 4. A few lipid droplets were revealed in Leydig cell of rat testis on the 18th day of pregnancy, but many lipid droplets were observed in Leydig cells of rat testis on the 20th day of gestation, 1st and 3rd day of neonatal life, and 1st week after birth. Numbers of lipid droplets were gradually decreased after 2nd week of postnatal life. 5. Many autophagic vacuoles were observed in Leydig cells would be firstly differentiated from the mesenchymeal cells in interstitium of fetal rat testis on the 16th day of pregnancy, and proliferated from the 18th day of pregnancy to the 1st day of neonatal life, and then gradually regressed before the puberty, but at the begining of puberty adult type of Leydig cell be proliferated.

Efficacy and safety of oral mirodenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in diabetic men in Korea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Park, Hyun Jun,Choi, Hyung Ki,Ahn, Tai Young,Park, Jong Kwan,Chung, Woo Sik,Lee, Sung Won,Kim, Sae Woong,Hyun, Jae Seog,Park, Nam Cheol Blackwell Pub 2010 JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE Vol.7 No.8

<P>Mirodenafil is a newly developed selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).</P>

Association Analysis of CD40 Polymorphisms with Asthma and the Level of Serum Total IgE

Park, Ju Hyun,Chang, Hun Soo,Park, Choon-Sik,Jang, An-Soo,Park, Byung Lae,Rhim, Tai Youn,Uh, Soo-Taek,Kim, Yong Hoon,Chung, Il Yup,Shin, Hyung Doo American Thoracic Society 2007 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.175 No.8

Forestry Extension Work in Korea : With Consideration on Characteristics of Froest

Park,Tai Sik 서울大學校 農科大學 1986 서울대농학연구지 Vol.11 No.2

우리나라의 森林의 特性중 가장 으뜸가는 特性은 私有林이 全體 삼림면적의 72%를 차지하고 있으며 190만명이나 되는 많은 영세 山主에 의하여 所有되고 있으므로, 私有林의 平均所有面積이 2.5ha정도밖에 되지 않는다는 事實이다. 뿐만 아니라 私有林의 大部分이 20年生 以下의 林木으로 構成되어 있어서 收穫이 적으므로, 森林經營에 對한 關心이 적다. 그리하여 私有林經營이 不實한 경우가 많으므로, 政府에서는 私有林經營의 改善을 도모하기 위하여 代執行制度를 導入하고 있다. 森林經營의 代執行制度는 山主가 造林을 하지 않거나 營林計劃대로 施業을 하지 않을 때엔는 제三者로 하여금 施業을 하도록 한후 그 費用을 山主로하여금 納付토록 하는 제도인데 萬若 그 비용을 納府하지 못할 때에는 施業者와 分收林을 체결하도록 되어 있다. 代執行事業은 能力있는 個人도 할 수 있으나 대개의 경우 山林組合系統組織의 下部組織體인 山林契에서 擔當한다. 全國的으로 組織되어 있는 山林組合組織體는 代執行뿐만 아니라 林業指導事業도 擔當하고 있는데 山林體의 감독을 받는 山林組合은 政府의 施策을 山主들과의 民主的 接觸에 의하여 遂行하는데 가장 적절한 기관으로 着做되고 있다. 本論文에서는 林業指導의 發展過程을 서술하고 山林組合系統組織에서 담당하고 있는 林業指導의 業積을 提示하였으며, 1984년도부터 새로 實施되고 있는 山主로 구성된 協業林業의 필요성과 發展狀況을 記述하고 協業經營의 指導事業에 대하여 그 ①組織現況, ② 指導內容, ③ 財政狀況, ④ 問題點과 改善策에 對하여 言及하였다.

Enhancement of recombinant human EPO production and glycosylation in serum-free suspension culture of CHO cells through expression and supplementation of 30Kc19.

Park, Ju Hyun,Wang, Zesong,Jeong, Hee-Jin,Park, Hee Ho,Kim, Byung-Gee,Tan, Wen-Song,Choi, Shin Sik,Park, Tai Hyun Springer International 2012 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.96 No.3

<P>We previously reported that the expression of Bombyx mori 30Kc19 gene in CHO cells significantly improved both the production and sialylation of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) in adhesion culture mode. In this study, the effects of 30Kc19 expression and supplementation of 30Kc19 recombinant protein on the productivity and glycosylation pattern of rHuEPO were investigated in the serum-free suspension culture mode. Especially, glycosylation pattern was examined in detail using a quantitative MALDI-TOF MS method. The expression of 30Kc19 increased the EPO production by 2.5-folds and the host cells produced rHuEPO with more complex glycan structures and a larger content of sialic acid and fucose. The glycan structures of rHuEPO in the 30Kc19-expressing cell consisted of bi-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-antennary branching (35, 18, 33, and 14 %, respectively), while the control cells produced predominantly bi-antennary branching (70 %). About 53 % of the glycans from rHuEPO in the 30Kc19-expressing cell was terminally sialylated, while no obvious sialylated glycan was found in the control cells. The percentage of fucosylated glycans from the 30Kc19-expressing cell culture was 77 %, whereas only 61 % of the glycans from the control cell were fucosylated glycans. We also examined whether these effects were observed when the recombinant 30Kc19 protein produced from Escherichia coli was supplemented into the culture medium for CHO cells. In the control cell line without the 30Kc19 gene, EPO production increased by 41.6 % after the addition of 0.2 mg/mL of the recombinant 30Kc19 protein to the culture medium. By the Western blot analysis after two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) of isoforms of EPO, we confirmed that 30Kc19 enhanced the sialylation of EPO glycans. These results demonstrated that both 30Kc19 gene expression and the recombinant 30Kc19 protein addition enhanced rHuEPO productivity and glycosylation in suspension culture. In conclusion, the utilization of 30Kc19 in CHO cell culture holds great promise for use in the manufacturing of improved biopharmaceutical glycoproteins.</P>

Forest Planning and Management Policy in Korea

Park, Tai Sik 서울大學校 農科大學 演習林 1985 서울大學校 農科大學 演習林報告 Vol.1985 No.21

Identification of Social Groups Participating in Forestry Activities : with a focus on main factors conducive to the successful implementation

Park, Tai-Sik 서울大學校 農科大學 1985 서울대농학연구지 Vol.10 No.2

本 論文에서 筆者는 韓國에서 社會團體에 依하여 林業事業이 遂行된 狀況을 記述하고, 荒廢되었던 森林이 어떻게 短時日內에 復舊되었는가 하는데 對하여 說明하고자 하였다. 早期 森林復舊에 對한 答은 簡單 하지 않으나, 森林事業에 많은 社會團體가 參與하였다는 事實을 參酌한다면 여기서 解答의 一部를 얻을 수 있을 것이다. 森林事業에 關與한 各種社會團體와 事業內容은 아래와 같다. ① 部落의 世帶主로 組織된 山林契의 協同造林과 保護. ② 새마을運動에 의한 造林. ③ 새마을 靑少年에 의한 森林活動. ④ 佛敎團體에 의한 森林保存 ⑤ 各級學校에 의한 敎育的 森林事業. ⑥ 公務員이 아닌 民間團體의 森林指導事業參與. 森林事業에 參與한 社會團體 중에서 가장 核心的 役割을 한 團體는 山林契였으며, 山林契가 森林事業에서 좋은 成果를 얻게 된 主된 理由를 들라면 다음과 같은 事項이 될 것이다. ① 傳統的인 森林共同利用ㆍ共同保護思想은 荒廢된 森林을 共同으로 復舊하는데 도움이 되었다. ② 儒敎思想에 바탕을 두어 웃어른 말씀에 잘 따르는 態度는, 森林活動에 對한 統一된 빠른 意思決定을 하는데 있어서도 도움을 주었다. ③ 戰爭時期와 社會混亂時期에 森林을 濫用하였는데, 이에 對한 良心에 바탕을 둔 呵責心은 森林復舊勞動力 動員을 쉽게 하였다. ④ 새마을養苗, 速成樹, 有實樹栽培, 森林副産物採取 등으로 因한 早期收入計劃은 森林事業에 큰 誘引 刺戟劑가 되었다. ⑤ 分收林制度에 의한 分收期待는 森林事業에 많은 興味를 誘發하였다. ⑥ 새마을運動에 따르는 精神敎育은 森林事業遂行에 큰 영향을 주었다. ⑦ 政府의 適切한 財政ㆍ技術支援과 森林公務員 및 指導要員들의 熱誠的 奉仕는 森林事業을 成功으로 이끄는 原動力이 되었다. The writer intended to describe forestry activities carried out by social groups in Kora and explain how the devastated forests have been rebuilt in such a short time. The right answer to the question will not be simple, but a part of the answer could be found when forestry activities carried out by social groups are taken into account. The activities and social groups related to forest programs are as follows: (1) Co-operative reforestation and protection works carried out by the Village Forest Associations, which consist of mandatory memberships of householders in the village, regardless of forest ownerships. (2) Forestry activities done by the Committee in the New Village Movement. (3) Forestry campaigns under the youth club in the New Village Movement. (4) Forest conservation activities done by Buddhist's organizations. (5) Educational forestry activities carried out by schools. (6) Forestry extension activities under non-governmental guidance groups. Among the social groups participated in forestry activities, the Village Forest Associations are the most important and successful organizations in the forestry projects in Korea. How the Village Forest Associations have been successful in forestry activities are described as follows: (1) Traditional way of thinking on the communal use and tending of the forest has been conducive to do reforestation projects co-operatively. (2) Behavioral tendency influenced by Confucianism to obey clan-determined course of action has been helpful in reaching quick unanimous decisions in planning and practicing the forestry projects. (3) Villager's self-offered free labor mobilization was accelerated in connection with a moral obligation stemming from the repentance on the abuse of forest resources during the war time. (4) Early economic returns through nursery stock raising, forest by-product collection, fast-growing and nut-bearing tree planting gave a great incentive to the villagers to join in the forestry activities. (5) Income expectation on a profit-sharing forest mechanism created great interests in forestry activities. (6) Spiritual education along with the New Village Movement has made a great influence to the implementation of the forestry projects. (7) Desirable and timely financial, technical and administrative measures given by the government and enthusiastic contributions rendered by forest officials and extension workers are the main spring of the successful implementation of forestry activities.