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( Uday C. Ghoshal ),( Sunil Kumar ),( Mansi Mehrotra ),( Lakshmi CP ),( Asha Misra ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.1
Introduction: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs in varying frequency in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We studied the frequency of SIBO in IBS and chronic non-specific diarrhea (CNSD). Methods: 129 patients with IBS (Manning`s criteria), 73 with CNSD ( 4 weeks diarrhea with two of these tests normal [urine D-xylose, fecal fat and duodenal biopsy]) and 51 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for SIBO using glucose hydrogen breath test (GHBT). Diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) was grouped into CNSD. Rise in breath hydrogen 12 ppm above basal following 100g glucose was diagnostic of SIBO. Results: Of 129 patients with IBS, 7 were constipation (C-IBS), and 122 were of indeterminate type (I-IBS). Patients with IBS were younger than HC and CNSD (IBS vs. HC: 36.6 yr ± 11.4 vs. 44.1 yr ± 13.6, p = 0.001; IBS vs. CNSD: 36.6 yr ± 11.4 vs. 42 yr ± 14.5, p = 0.003). Patients with CNSD were comparable to HC in age (42 yr ± 14.5 vs. 44.1 yr ± 13.6, p = ns). Patients with IBS were more often male than HC [108/129 (83.7%) vs. 34/51 (66.7%) p = 0.02]; gender of CNSD and HC was com -parable [male 39/73 (53.4%) vs. 34/51 (66.7%) p = ns]. SIBO was commoner in CNSD than HC [16 (21.9%) vs. 1 (2%), p =0.003], but was comparable in IBS and HC [11 (8.5%) vs. 1 (2%), p = 0.18]. Patients with CNSD more often had SIBO than IBS [16 (21.9%) vs. 11 (8.5%), p = 0.007]. Conclusions: SIBO was more common in CNSD including D-IBS than other types of IBS and HC.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:40-46)
Sunil Kumar C.,Puttamadappa C.,Chandrashekar Y. L. 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.2
Power quality (PQ) is the prime constraint in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. In this paper, the reactive and active power controller is utilized with a three-phase grid-connected PV system to improve the PQ using seagull optimization algorithm (SOA). This proposed system comprises two key controllers as the Fly back converter with bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA) to track maximum power of PV panels and the suggested SOA optimized controller for the grid-integrated three-phase inverter. The grid integration of PV is utilizing a three-phase modular multilevel inverter, which manages the active and reactive powers by functioning the SOA optimized controller using the grid voltage. The novelty of the proposed system is to improve the PQ by utilizing the BFOA and SOA optimization algorithm for generating the maximum power and improve the active power from the non-linear PV. The proposed control strategy has to minimize power dropping into the inverter, by regulating the instantaneous active and reactive powers, for the improvement of PQ. Moreover, it can reduce the harmonic and reactive power compensation. The proposed system is established and replicated in the MATLAB/Simulink platform and its outcomes are examined and equated with existing methods.
Kumar, Vijay,Kumar, Kapil,Jeon, H.C.,Kang, T.W.,Lee, Dongjin,Kumar, Sunil Elsevier 2019 The Journal of physics and chemistry of solids Vol.124 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cu-doped CdS nanowires were synthesized within the pores of anodic alumina membrane as template via electrochemical deposition. Morphological, structural, optical and photoconductive properties of the synthesized nanowires were studied. Morphological and structural properties were studied by using SEM with EDS (point & line mapper mode) and X-Ray Diffractometer. Scanning electron microscopy with point EDS and line EDS mapping confirms the deposition of pure CdS and Cu-doped CdS throughout the template length respectively. XRD investigations shows the presence of polycrystalline phase and cubic structure of pristine CdS nanowires. Optical properties were studied by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy and time resolved photoluminescence. A gradual decrease in energy band gap from 2.38 eV to 2.10 eV is observed for Cu doped CdS nanowires. Time resolved photoluminescence studies shows the red shift in emission wavelength and increase of excited state lifetimes with Cu doping and also with increase in its concentration in CdS nanowires. Current-voltage characteristics of pure and doped CdS nanowires studied at varying incident light intensity show that the Cu doped nanowires show negative photoconductivity.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Copper doping is done successfully in CdS nanowires grown by template synthesis technique. </LI> <LI> TRPL studies give the idea of the transitions involved with and without Cu doping in the nanowires. </LI> <LI> Photoconductivity studies revealed negative photoconductivity in case of copper doped nanowires. </LI> <LI> 1D CdS:Cu nanowires are found to be a attractive candidate for photoluminescence and photoconductivity applications. </LI> </UL> </P>
Multifunctional ammonium fuel cell using compost as a novel electro-catalyst
Kumar, Sunil,Magotra, Verjesh Kumar,Jeon, H.C.,Kang, T.W.,Inamdar, Akbar I.,Aqueel, Abu Talha,Im, Hyunsik,Ahuja, Rajeev Elsevier 2018 Journal of Power Sources Vol.402 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Due to acute ammonium toxicity, it is always desirable to find a cheaper and abundant electro-catalyst other than platinum, iridium oxide, boron diamond etc with a high selectivity and negligible de-activation for its oxidation. Also ammonium is not known for electricity generation except biological nitrification process. So this paper elucidates the studies of compost as a novel electro-catalyst in a ammonium fuel cell configuration. These studies are done by varying type of electrodes & compost as well as ammonium concentration. Bi-polar cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, temperature dependence, cyclic stability and chrono-amperometry techniques are used to study compost. Cow dung based compost is found to show the best electro-catalytic activity. IV measurements are conducted to study power generation in tune with the electro-catalytic activity. Finally, polarization and sustainability measurements are done on a comparatively larger fuel cell to check the size scalability. The results shows that the maximum power density is 108 mW/m<SUP>2</SUP> and this multifunctional device can be fueled after every 12 h for continuous operation and with negligible de-activation of electro-catalyst. These studies opens a window for doing further advanced research in compost triggered electro-catalysis to make multifunctional fuel cell devices for solving environmental and energy issues together.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Compost directly act as a abundant and cheapest electro-catalyst. </LI> <LI> Electro-catalytic activity leads to ammonium oxidation and generation of energy. </LI> <LI> Fuel cell is made by variation in electrodes, compost and ammonium concentration. </LI> <LI> Individual as well as joint physio-chemical/microbial action is possible. </LI> <LI> This work elucidates the development of multifunctional fuel cell. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Vikas Kumar Singh,Priti Upadhyay,Pallavi Sinha,Ashish Kumar Mall,Ranjith K. Ellur,Atul Singh,Sanjay K.Jaiswal,Sunil Biradar,S. Ramakrishna,R.M. Sundaram,Ilyas Ahmed,B. C. Viraktamath,C. Kole,Sukhpal S 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1
A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with F1 performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = -0.325*; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD),the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding,two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.
Singh, Vikas Kumar,Upadhyay, Priti,Sinha, Pallavi,Mall, Ashish Kumar,Ellur, Ranjith K.,Singh, Atul,Jaiswal, Sanjay K.,Biradar, Sunil,Ramakrishna, S.,Sundaram, R.M.,Ahmed, Ilyas,Viraktamath, B.C.,Kole, 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1
A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36 to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with $F_1$ performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = $-0.325^*$; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD), the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding, two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.