http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Choi, Seung‐,Hoon,Hwang, Daesub,Kim, Dong‐,Young,Kervella, Yann,Maldivi, Pascale,Jang, Sung‐,Yeon,Demadrille, Renaud,Kim, Il‐,Doo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.23 No.25
<P>Highly porous amorphous Zn<SUB>2</SUB>SnO<SUB>4</SUB> electrodes are prepared using electrospinning techniques and combined with organic or ruthenium dyes to fabricate dye‐sensitized solar cells. As reported by Sung‐Yeon Jang, Renaud Demadrille, Il‐Doo Kim, and co‐workers on page 3146, the devices based on 3‐μm‐thick electrodes and the organic dyes demonstrate significantly improved performances compared to those using the ruthenium complex. Using this approach, solar cells with power conversion efficiencies up to 3.7% are obtained. </P>
Sung-Mok Lee,오백록,Jang Min Park,Anna Yu,Sun-Yeon Heo,Won-Kyung Hong,JEONG-WOO SEO,CHUL HO KIM 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.6
To obtain high-yield production of 2,3-butanediol(2,3-BD) from glucose, we optimized the culture conditionsfor a lactate dehydrogenase-deficient mutant (ΔldhA) ofKlebsiella pneumoniae using response surface methodology. 2,3-BD production was successfully improved by optimizingpH (5.6), aeration (3.50 vvm) and concentration of cornsteep liquor (45.0 mL/L) as a nitrogen source, resulting ina maximum level of 2,3-BD production of 148.8 g/L andproductivity of 2.48 g/L/h. 2,3-BD was also obtained withhigh concentration (76.24 g/L) and productivity (2.31 g/L/h)from the K. pneumoniae mutant strain using sugarcanemolasses as a carbon source.
Clinical comparison of choledochal cysts between children and adults
Sung Min Jang,Beom Seok Lee,Kun Kuk Kim,Jung Nam Lee,Yang Seo Koo,Yeon Suk Kim,Hyeon Young Kim,Yeon Ho Park 한국간담췌외과학회 2011 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Backgrounds/Aims: Choledochal cyst of the bile duct is characterized by cystic dilatation of the intra- or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is a relatively uncommon disease and there is still much controversy regarding its etiology as being congenital or acquired. Methods: The medical records of 60 patients who underwent surgical treatments for choledochal cyst between April 1995 and April 2009 at the Gachon University Gil Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. To compare the clinical characteristics, patients under 19 years of age were grouped into children and the others were grouped into adults. Results: Of the overall 60 patients, 24 were grouped into children and 36 were grouped into adults. Female predominance was common in both groups (M : F=1 : 6.5). The most common clinical symptom was abdominal pain (73.3%) in both groups. Children had remarkable jaundice (33.3% vs. 0%) and gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea and vomiting. Fever and chills were more common in children because of the associated complications of cholangitis. According to the Todani classification, type I was the most common form of choledochal cyst in both groups, and type IVa was significantly more common in children than adults (45.3% vs. 16.7%). Thirty patients (50%) had anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal union which was confirmed by preoperative imaging studies or intraoperative cholangiography. All patients except for one child underwent cyst excision with hepaticojejunostomy. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the clinical characteristics of choledochal cysts between children and adults. However, combined diseases especially bile duct malignancy were common in aged patients, early detection and more aggressive surgery is necessary for patients with choledochal cysts. (Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2011;15:157-163)
( Sang Il Choi ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Ji Yeon Baek ),( Sung Chan Park ),( Jae Hwan Oh ),( Dae Yong Kim ),( Hee Jin Jang ),( Min Jung Kim ),( Seung Duk Lee ),( Sung Sik Han ),( Seoung Hoon Kim ),( Sang 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Perioperative chemotherapy is the standard treatment option for resectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), but the optimal sequence of surgical and systemic treatment has been debated. We retrospectively examined progression free survival (PFS) and postoperative complications between patients who received preoperative chemotherapy and upfront surgery for resectable CRLM. Methods: Patients who underwent surgical resection for CRLM from Aug. 2001 to Apr. 2012 in National Cancer Center, Korea were identifi ed and their medical records were reviewed. They were classifi ed into two groups: patents who had preoperative chemotherapy (preCTx) and who underwent upfront liver resection (UFLR). Patients with < 6 liver metastases were included. Those who had major vessel invasion, extrahepatic metastasis, prior liver resection or other advanced malignancy were excluded.Results: Of the 451 patients who underwent liver resection, 333 who met above criteria were analyzed. 50 (15%) patients received preoperative chemotherapy followed by liver resection and 283(85%) patients underwent upfront surgery. Among those who had upfront surgery, 231(81.7%) patients received post-operative chemotherapy. There was no signifi cant difference in baseline characteristics including number and distribution of metastases, CEA, and proportion of patients who received prior or adjuvant chemotherapy, while R0 resection rate was higher in preCTx group (98% vs 89%, p = 0.04). 3-year PFS in preCTx and UFLR group were 22% versus 37% (p value = ). In multivariate analysis, number of liver metastasis, incomplete resection and synchronicity of metastasis were associated with poor PFS. There was no statistical difference in post-operative complications. Conclusions: Although R0 resection rate in preCTx group was signifi cantly higher than UFLR group, it did not affect PFS. Preoperative chemotherapy did not offer benefi t in terms of PFS and post-operative complications compared to upfront surgery.
Analysis of Transconductance <tex> $(g_{m})$</tex> in Schottky-Barrier MOSFETs
Sung-Jin Choi,Chel-Jong Choi,Jee-Yeon Kim,Moongyu Jang,Yang-Kyu Choi IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.58 No.2
<P>This paper experimentally investigates the unique behavior of transconductance (<I>gm</I>) in the Schottky-barrier metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (SB-MOSFETs) with various silicide materials. When the Schottky-barrier height (SBH) or a scaling parameter is not properly optimized, a peculiar shape of <I>gm</I> is observed. Thus, <I>gm</I> can be used as a novel metric that exhibits the transition of the carrier injection mechanisms from a thermionic emission (TE) to thermally assisted tunneling (TU) in the SB-MOSFETs. When the local maximum point of <I>gm</I> is observed, it can be expected that an incomplete transition occurs between TE and TU in SB-MOSFETs. When a dopant-segregation (DS) technique is implemented in the SB-MOSFETs, however, the carrier injection efficiency from the source to the channel is significantly improved, although the SBH is not minimized. As a consequence, the peculiar shape of the <I>gm</I> disappears, i.e., a complete transition from TE to TU can be enabled by the DS technique.</P>
Jang-Wook Lee,Young Mee Lee,노재구,Hyun Chul Kim,박철지,Jong Won Park,In Joon Hwang,Sung Yeon Kim,Jeong-HoLee 한국발생생물학회 2013 발생과 생식 Vol.17 No.4
Fish larvae are immediately exposed to microbes from hatching to maturation of their lymphoid organs, therefore effective innate mechanisms is very important for survival in such an environment. The key component of innate immune system, C3 is central protein of all activation pathways of the complement system, leading to inflammatory reactions, such as opsonisation, chemotaxis, and cell lysis of pathogens. Although, innate mechanisms is essential for survival in the early stage of development, little is known about defence mechanisms. In this study, the alignment analysis showed that amino acid sequence of C3 from olive flounder liver EST homologous to other known C3 sequences with 73-99% identity. Also, we examined the tissue distribution of olive flounder C3 and analyzed expression pattern from the fertilized egg until 28 days post hatching. As a result, olive flounder C3 mRNA was expressed only in the liver and the mRNA level more increased as developmental proceed during the early stage. These results may suggest that olive flounder C3 plays an important function in the early immune response of olive flounder larvae.
( Sang Jun Suh ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Seong Gyu Hwang ),( Hana Park ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Jae Young Jang ),( In Hee Kim ),( Hyoung 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Background/Aims: Recommendation of management of multidrug resistant (MDR) chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is still not uniform. Although current guidelines recommend tenofovir plus entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir monotherapy for MDR CHB, real-life data comparing combinations based TDF versus (vs.) TDF monotherapy are sparse. Herein, we report a multicenter cohort study for the evaluation of TDF-based therapy for MDR CHB. Methods: The inclusion criteria were CHB patients with resistance to more than 2 nucleos(t)ide analogues and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level over 200 IU/mL. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma were excluded. Primary end point was cumulative virologic response defined by undetectable HBV DNA (<20 IU/mL) until month 60. Results: A total of 256 patients were enrolled and 236 patients were included for analysis. Mean age of patients were 49 years and 77.5 % were male. Mean baseline HBV DNA level was 4.2±1.6 log IU/mL. Genotypic resistance to L-nucleoside analogues (L-NA)+adefovir (ADV) (79 patients), L-NA+ETV (106 patients), L-NA+ADV+ETV (51 patients) were confirmed at enrollment. Initial treatments for MDR CHB were TDF+ETV 1 mg (171, 72.5 %), TDF+ETV 0.5 mg (7, 3.0 %), TDF+L-NA (6, 3.0 %), and TDF monotherapy (52, 22.0%). Virologic response rates of the whole cohort at year 1, year 2, year 3, year 4, and year 5 were 77.2%, 86.9 %, 89.9 %, 90.1 %, and 92.5 %, respectively. At year 5, virologic response rate was not significantly different between the TDF monotherapy group and TDF-based combination group (87.5 % vs. 93.0 %, respectively, P=0.493 by Fisher’s exact test). The cumulative virologic response rate of TDF monotherapy was not significantly different at year 3 (92.3 % vs. 94.0%, respectively, P=0.893) and at year 5 (96.2 % vs. 97.8 %, respectively, P=0.910), and was not inferior to combination therapies considering that 95% confidence interval (-9.2% ~ 5.8% at year 3; -6.5% ~ 3.2% at year 5) did not include the 10% of non-inferiority margin. Conclusions: TDF based therapy was effective for the treatment of MDR CHB for during 5 years of follow-up. The efficacy of TDF monotherapy was not inferior to the TDF based combination therapy.
Jang, Jeong Hun,Jung, Jinsei,Kim, Ah Reum,Cho, Young Mi,Kim, Min Young,Lee, Sang Yeon,Choi, Jae Young,Lee, Jun Ho,Choi, Byung Yoon S. Karger AG 2014 Audiology & neuro-otology Vol.19 No.5
<P>Abstract</P><P>Mutations in the <I>SLC26A4</I> gene, which encodes pendrin, cause congenital hearing loss as a manifestation of Pendred syndrome (PS) with an iodide organification defect or nonsyndromic enlarged vestibular aqueduct (NSEVA, DFNB4). There have been reports of differences between PS and NSEVA, including their auditory phenotypes and molecular genetic bases. For appropriate genetic diagnosis and counseling, it is important to functionally characterize <I>SLC26A4</I> variants. In this study, we identified and evaluated a novel null mutation of <I>SLC26A4</I> and report our method of assessing the pathogenic potential of mutations in <I>SLC26A4</I>, one of the most frequent causative genes of deafness in humans. A 3-year-old female with progressive sensorineural hearing loss and her parents were recruited. They underwent clinical, audiological, radiological and genetic evaluations, which revealed that the female patient had an enlarged vestibular aqueduct and an incomplete partition type II anomaly in the cochlea bilaterally. Sanger sequencing of the <I>SLC26A4</I> gene was also performed. For a confirmatory genetic diagnosis, we first characterized the anion/base exchange ability of mutant pendrin products in HEK 293 cells and, if necessary, evaluated whether the mutant pendrin traffics to the plasma membrane in COS-7 cells. We also expressed a null function mutant, p.H723R, and a previously documented polymorphism, p.P542R, as controls. The pure tone average was 66 dB HL in the right ear and 75 dB HL in the left ear. Sequencing of <I>SLC26A4</I> revealed a known pathogenic mutation (p.H723R) and a novel missense variant (p.V510D) as a compound heterozygote. When we expressed the p.V510D mutant pendrin in mammalian cells, the rate constants for Cl<SUP>-</SUP>/HCO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> exchange were 10.96 ± 4.79% compared with those of wild-type pendrin. This figure was comparable to that of p.H723R, indicating p.V510D to be another pathogenic mutation with a null function. The p.V510D pendrin product was shown to be entrapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at 24-30 h after transfection, and not trafficked to the plasma membrane in COS-7 cells, suggesting retention in the ER and abnormal trafficking as the pathogenic mechanism. This was similar to p.H723R, which is a null function founder mutant in this population but is a candidate variant for future drug therapy to rescue the abnormal cell trafficking. Impaired cellular trafficking due to ER retention and abolished exchange activity of the newly detected p.V510D indicates the pathogenic potential of this variant. These missense variants may be good candidate variants for drug therapy if the intrinsic exchange activity is not damaged by the change.</P><P>© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>