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The Analysis of the Perception on Planting Climbing Plants in Urban Community Gardens
Sang Mi Lee,Young Chae,Young-Bin Jung,In Kyoung Hong 인간식물환경학회 2019 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.22 No.6
This study is to find out the proper planting and utilization plans for climbing plants in urban community gardens. As a result, a majority of respondents claimed that it is acceptable to plant climbing plants in their plots of the community garden. In particular, those who have experiences with gardening activities responded that climbing plants could be allowed in the community gardens. There was a high tendency to use climbing plants in community gardens for aesthetic or ornamental use and for creating fences. Many respondents also claimed that the climbing plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the garden and that the plants should not cross over to other plots. Those who responded that the climbing plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the community garden wanted to use the plants for aesthetic or ornamental use. Those who wanted to use the plants for creating shades responded that the plants should be planted outside or on the edge of the garden. For proper planting of climbing plants in the community garden, it is necessary to consider the height of the vertical plant support depending to the gap between the plots in the community gardens, the shape and color of flowers, leaves, and stems for aesthetic use, and mixing of plants for the duration of the shade period. Accordingly, introduction of climbing plants can be considered to increase the diversity of plants in urban community gardens.
Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays with modified layer thickness
Hong, Sung-Ok,Oh, Yong-Hui,Min, Jeong-Bum,Kim, Jin-Woo,Lee, Bin-Na,Hwang, Yun-Chan,Hwang, In-Nam,Oh, Won-Mann,Chang, Hoon-Sang The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to enhance curing light penetration through resin inlays by modifying the thicknesses of the dentin, enamel, and translucent layers. Materials and Methods: To investigate the layer dominantly affecting the power density of light curing units, resin wafers of each layer with 0.5 mm thickness were prepared and power density through resin wafers was measured with a dental radiometer (Cure Rite, Kerr). The dentin layer, which had the dominant effect on power density reduction, was decreased in thickness from 0.5 to 0.1 mm while thickness of the enamel layer was kept unchanged at 0.5 mm and thickness of the translucent layer was increased from 0.5 to 0.9 mm and vice versa, in order to maintain the total thickness of 1.5 mm of the resin inlay. Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays was measured. Results: Power density measured through 0.5 mm resin wafers decreased more significantly with the dentin layer than with the enamel and translucent layers (p < 0.05). Power density through 1.5 mm resin inlays increased when the dentin layer thickness was reduced and the enamel or translucent layer thickness was increased. The highest power density was recorded with dentin layer thickness of 0.1 mm and increased translucent layer thickness in all light curing units. Conclusions: To enhance the power density through resin inlays, reducing the dentin layer thickness and increasing the translucent layer thickness would be recommendable when fabricating resin inlays.
Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays with modified layer thickness
Sung-Ok Hong,Yonghui Oh,Jeong-Bum Min,Jin-Woo Kim,Bin-Na Lee,Yun-Chan Hwang,In-Nam Hwang,Won-Mann Oh,Hoon-Sang Chang 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.3
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to enhance curing light penetration through resin inlays by modifying the thicknesses of the dentin, enamel, and translucent layers. Materials and Methods: To investigate the layer dominantly affecting the power density of light curing units, resin wafers of each layer with 0.5 mm thickness were prepared and power density through resin wafers was measured with a dental radiometer (Cure Rite, Kerr). The dentin layer, which had the dominant effect on power density reduction, was decreased in thickness from 0.5 to 0.1 mm while thickness of the enamel layer was kept unchanged at 0.5 mm and thickness of the translucent layer was increased from 0.5 to 0.9 mm and vice versa, in order to maintain the total thickness of 1.5 mm of the resin inlay. Power density of various light curing units through resin inlays was measured. Results: Power density measured through 0.5 mm resin wafers decreased more significantly with the dentin layer than with the enamel and translucent layers (p < 0.05). Power density through 1.5 mm resin inlays increased when the dentin layer thickness was reduced and the enamel or translucent layer thickness was increased. The highest power density was recorded with dentin layer thickness of 0.1 mm and increased translucent layer thickness in all light curing units. Conclusions: To enhance the power density through resin inlays, reducing the dentin layer thickness and increasing the translucent layer thickness would be recommendable when fabricating resin inlays. (Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(3):130-135)
Hong, Yeon-Sik,Moon, Su-Jin,Joo, Young-Bin,Jeon, Chan-Hong,Cho, Mi-La,Ju, Ji Hyeon,Oh, Hye-Jwa,Heo, Yu-Jung,Park, Sung-Hwan,Kim, Ho-Youn,Min, Jun-Ki The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.9
<P>The interleukin-33 (IL-33)/ST2 pathway has emerged as an intercellular signaling system that participates in antigen-allergen response, autoimmunity and fibrosis. It has been suggested that IL-33/ST2 signaling has been involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because IL-33 and its receptor have been specifically mapped to RA synovium. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of IL-33 and sST2 in sera and synovial fluids in patients with RA. The serum level of IL-33 was significantly higher in patients with RA (294.9 ± 464.0 pg/mL) than in healthy controls (96.0 ± 236.9 pg/mL, <I>P</I> = 0.002). The synovial fluid level of IL-33 was significantly higher in RA patients than in osteoarthritis patients. The level of serum sST2 was higher in RA patients than in healthy controls (<I>P</I> = 0.042). A significant relationship was found between the levels of IL-33 and IL-1β (<I>r</I> = 0.311, <I>P</I> = 0.005), and IL-33 and IL-6 (<I>r</I> = 0.264, <I>P</I> = 0.017) in 81 RA patients. The levels of IL-33, sST2 and C-reactive protein decreased after conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs treatment in 10 patients with treatment-naïve RA. Conclusively, IL-33 is involved in the pathogenesis of RA and may reflect the degree of inflammation in patients with RA.</P>
A New Strategy for Condition Monitoring of Adjustable Speed Induction Machine Drive Systems
Sang Bin Lee,Jinkyu Yang,Jongman Hong,Ji-Yoon Yoo,Byunghwan Kim,Kwanghwan Lee,Jangho Yun,Myungchul Kim,Kwang-Woon Lee,Wiedenbrug, E J,Nandi, S IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.26 No.2
<P>A new strategy for monitoring the condition of adjustable speed induction machine drive systems is presented in this paper. The main concept of the new method is to use the inverter to perform off-line tests for quality assessment of the vulnerable components in the inverter, cable, and induction motor automatically whenever the motor is stopped. This new approach is suitable for monitoring system components that deteriorate gradually to failure, if the degradation is observable. Off-line test methods for monitoring the quality of the 1) dc-link aluminum electrolytic capacitor; 2) electrical connections; 3) cable and stator winding insulation; 4) stator core; and 5) rotor bar are presented along with a summary of the failure mechanism and existing test methods. It will be shown that the new strategy can be implemented with minimal hardware requirements, and that it has many advantages over existing off-line and on-line tests. An experimental study performed under simulated fault conditions for each component shows that the method provides a reliable and sensitive indication of drive system problems for reliable, efficient, and safe operation.</P>
A Study on the Establishment of the National Spatial Data Infrastructure
Hong, Sang-Ki,Shin, Dong-Bin The Speleological Society 2007 동굴 Vol.82 No.-
Several research projects funded by National GIS Master Plan have started to produce several outcomes that need to be applied in the real world situation. To make the project results more useful and to improve upon the current results, it is necessary to integrate the project outcomes produced under various circumstances into a consistent and coherent structure.
New Host Material for High‐Performance Blue Phosphorescent Organic Electroluminescent Devices
Bin, Jong‐,Kwan,Cho, Nam‐,Sung,Hong, Jong‐,In WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.21
<P><B>A new carbazole derivative with two carbazole moieties</B> on the C3 and C6 positions of carbazole and triphenylsilane directly linked to the N of carbazole is successfully used as a highly efficient blue phosphorescent host in an organic light‐emitting diode (PhOLED). The blue PhOLED, with this new host, gives an extremely high external quantum efficiency.</P>