NaCl에 대한 콩 품종간의 생리학적 반응 차이

박종환,천상욱,최원열,정선요 한국콩연구회 2003 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.20 No.2

염분조건에서 콩의 피해정도 또는 피해과정 등 생리적 특성과 내성 및 감수성 품종간의 반응차이를 구명하여 내염성 연구의 기초자료로 활용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 감수성 및 내성 품종으로 선발된 두 품종간에 60mM의 염분처리에 따른 생장 및 상대생장율 반응, 잎의 해부학적 관찰, 광합성 및 호흡량, proline 축적 및 nitrate reductase와 peroxidase 활성 등의 반응특성을 비교한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 내성품종 Lee는 무염처리에 비해 초장이 19% 감소한데 반해 감수성 품종 Jackson은 40% 감소하여 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 다육질의 정도는 내성품종이 무처리에 비해 58% 증가하였으나 감수성 품종은 오히려 21%가 감소하였고 감수성 품종의 생체중, 건물증, 수분함량의 감소가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 상대생장율(RGR)과 순동화율(NAR)의 경우 내성품종은 염분처리에 의해 오히려 증가한 경향이었으나 총 건물증에 대한 엽면적 비율(LAR)과 개체생장율(CGR)은 감소하였다. 한편 감수성 품종은 조사된 모든 생장율이 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 염분처리로 잎의 두께는 내성품종이 11% 증가한 반면 감수성 품종은 30% 정도 감소되었는데 이는 다즙질화로 인한 엽육세포의 두께 변화와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 광합성 정도는 내성품종에서 무처리와 유사하였으나 감수성 품종은 무처리에 비해 14% 감소하였고 호흡량에 있어서는 두 품종 모두 증가되어 각각 11과 8% 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며 두 품종 모두 O2생산비율보다 O2소모비율이 높게 나타났다. 염분처리에 따른 proline 축적량은 무처리에 대비하여 내성품종은 64% 증가하였으나 감수성 품종은 200% 증가하였다. Nitrate reductase의 활성은 염분처리로 인해 내성 품종이 114% 증가하는 반면 감수성 품종은 반대로 37% 감소하였으며 peroxidae 활성은 내서 및 감수성 품종 모두 각각 56, 50% 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 지상부의 생육, 상대생장율, 엽육세포의 두께, 광합성 및 호흡량, proline 축적량, nitrate reductase와 peroxidase활성은 콩의 염해 및 내염성 연구에 중요한 지표가 될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. Salt tolerance of soybean is highly dependent on cultivar as well as cultural condition. The objective of this study was to determine difference in parameters of physiological responses between NaCl-tolerant and NaCl-susceptible cultivars selected from a bioassay. Tolerant cultivar "Lee" and susceptible cultivar 'Jackson' soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars were grown in hydroponic system and treated with NaCl solutions of 0 and 60mM, corresponding to electric conductivity of 1.2 and 7.3 dS/m, respectively, 20days after emergence. NaCl at 60mM inhibited plant lengths of tolerant and susceptible soybean cultivars by 19% and 40%, respectively. NaCl enhanced leaf succulence of tolerant cultivar by 58%. while it decreased that of susceptible cultivar by 21%. With NaCl treatment, fresh and dry weight, and water content of leaves in susceptible cultivar were more decreased than those of tolerant cultivar. Relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of tolerant cultivar were increased by NaCl treatment, while RGR and NAR of susceptible cultivar were clearly reduced. Total leaf thickness of tolerant soybean cultivar was significantly enhanced up to 11% by NaCl treatment due to expanding mesophyll cells. However. NaCl reduced leaf thickness of susceptible cultivar by 30 8. Photosynthesis rate of tolerant cultivar by NaCl treatment was not affected, however that of susceptible cultivar was reduced by 14% as compared to control. Respiration of both cultivars was increased up to 11 and 8%, respectively. Free-proline content of leaf by NaCl treatment was increased by 64% in the tolerant cultivar and 200% in the susceptible. respectively. NaCl of 60 mM also increased nitrate reductase and peroxidase activities of tolerant cultivar by 114% and 56%. respectively, while it reduced nitrate reductase activity of susceptible cultivar by 37%. The results suggested that the physiological data can use as parameters for salt stress or salt tolerance test to improve sensitivity in screening program.

Fe계 합금의 chromizing 거동

박홍진,이상율 한국항공대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.36 No.-

탄소강(AISI 1020),AISI H13, 1Cr-0.5Mo강 (ASTM A213),Inconel 718 에 대하여 표면 처리인 크로마이징 처리를 실시하였다. 각 시편에 대하여 1250℃, 아르곤 분위기에서 5시간 크로마이징을 실시하였고, SEM, XRD, 미소 경도계를 이용하여 크롬 확산 코팅 층의 효과와 특성을 분석하였다. pack cementation 법을 이용하여 5시간 동안 크로마이징 처리를 실시함으로써 약 150~300㎛두께의 크롬 확산 층을 형성시킬 수 있었다. 즉 탄소함량이 적을수록 크롬 확산층의 두께는 두꺼워졌다. 또한 탄소강과 H13강에 크로마이징을 실시한 것을 600℃에서 마모시험을 실시하여 마모량과 무게변화를 측정하여 고온 내마모성을 분석하였다. Surface treatments of chromizing on various alloys such as mild steel(AISI 1020), AISI H13, 1Cr-0.5Mo steel(ASTM A213) and Inconel 718 were carried out. Specimens were chromized at 1,250℃ for 5 hours in Ar atmosphere and effects and characteristics of Cr-diffusion coating on the alloys were analyzed using SEM, XRD, and microhardness tester. The chromizing for 5 hours by pack cementation process had created Cr diffusion layer of approximately 150~300㎛ thickness. The less carbon contents was, the thicker Cr diffused layer was. Also being studied were the high temperature wear resistance of the chromized mild steel and H13 steels and the wear volume and weight change after a wear test at 600℃ were determined.

일부 생산직 근로자의 소음과 사회심리적 요인이 혈압에 미치는 영향

박종구,강명근,차봉석,고상열,장세진,고상백 大韓産業醫學會 1997 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.9 No.2

This study was conducted to assess the effects of noise exposure and psychosocial factor on blood pressure in manufacturing workers. The study subjects are 414 workers(243 males, 171 females) employed at the noisy department. The mean age of low exposed group(<85dB) was 34.65±9.53 years, and that of high exposed group(≥85dB) was 36.37±11.15 years. The difference in mean age was not significant. The mean and distribution of working duration, smoking status, drinking status were not significantly different between two groups. The mean systolic blood pressure of the low exposed group was 120.01±12.06 mmHg, and that of high exposed group was 126.27±13.84mmHg. The mean diastolic blood pressure of the low exposed and the high exposed group were 77.18±10.83 mmHg, and 83.46±11.22mmHg respectively. These differences of blood pressure were statistically significant(p<0.05). The workers in noisy department have significantly less work environmental satisfaction, higher job demand, and higher social support. The mean values of psychosocial distress were higher in the workers of the noisy department, but the difference was not statistically significant. This study was to speculate whether the work environmental satisfaction and social support modify the association between the noise exposure level and the blood pressure. The result showed that work environmental satisfaction could not modify the association between the blood pressure and the noise exposure. Social support at work did not modify the association. Furthermore, we evaluated the high job strain from a combination of ratio of the high job strain group for hypertension in diastolic blood pressure were statistically significant, but not in systolic blood pressure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to determine whither the independent variables contributed to explaining the blood pressure. After controlling for possible confounders, we found that the noise exposure level was a correlated of the diastolic blood pressure. But no association between the noise exposure level and the systolic blood pressure. No significant result was found for psychosocial factor.

Samson Agonistes에 나타난 인간성 추구

박상열 慶星大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.16 No.3

When we say about Samson, it's difficult to say whether his deed is right or wrong. But his deed has been justified by the moral criteria of Puritanism. Despite such a justification, the controversy of his tragedy in Samson Agonistes has been broached by many a critic. And the discussion as to whether Samson Agonistes is "Hellenic" or "Hebraic" in spirit has been continued by scholars. They say "Hellenism contrasts man with fate. Hebraism contrasts God and His servants with idols and their servants". Someone argue that, despite its Greek form, Samson Agonistes has the spirit of Hebraism, because the issue of drama is that Jehovah has prevailed over Dagon; Israel is avenged on Philistia. The others say, emphasizing the Greek spirit of the Drama, that the heroes of the Greek tragedies are dominated by fate, so is Samson. Therefore Samson is a victim of fate, who suffered far more than he deserved. On the other hand, the Christian interpretation of this drama has been emphsized by many critics. Although I admit Hellenic and Hebraic elements in Samson Agonistes, it's my inevitable tendency that I like the mysterious Fate of Samson. Now I have hastened to my conclusion,"we can compare Samson's courage in belief with Abraham. Because of that, people on the side of Samson sing that he gained victory by the virtue of God. I do not reject that it is true. But we ought to remember Milton, the author of this drama, persues the humanity within the greatest range of passibility."

「실락원」에 나타난 God의 초월성

박상열 慶星大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.11 No.3

"But God left free the will, for what obeys Reason, is free, and reason he made right," (IX, 351~ 52)에서처럼 Milton 에게 있어 God 은 절대적인 의지였다. 때문에 인간의 혹은 자연의 가치 내지 존재의 영역은 대단히 한정되고 어쩌면 거의 없는 상태라고 말할 수 있다. 이러한 Milton 은 현실생활에서의 여러 가지 고뇌에 찬 일들로 인해 환멸감을 느끼고 칼빈주의적 신관상에 큰 충격도 받고 신에 대해 자기 소외자로서 고통을 많이 받았다. 인간이 피조물임은 부정할 수 없는 사실이지만 인간에게는 자유로운 의지와 자연의 이성, 그리고 선택의 자유가 있기 마련이다.

온도 변화에 따른 DW-100 용접재의 기계적특성에 관한 연구

박원조,정재욱,변상열,허선철,유재환 경상대학교 해양산업연구소 2002 해양산업연구소보 Vol.15 No.-

In recent years, the studies of mechanical property of weld materials were one of the most important basic test of our welding indursty. The used specimen in this study is weld metal of DW-100 flux cored wire which is using for flux cored are welding and one type of flux cored wires were used in this test. This paper is based on the quality of the mechanical property of welding material under the different temperture, test temperature of each weld metal is from RT to 900℃ and temperature gap is 100℃ for each weld metal. It is particularly important to assess tensile properties and each specimen was examined using by the following methods; Reduction of area rate, Tensile strength test, and observation of SEM. All tensile tests were performed in accordance with the ASTM standard test method, tension testing of metallic materials (ASTM I-8). This study proves that the mechanical properties of until 400℃ were good as the increasing temperature compare with mechanical properties of RT. As the results of this study, the tensile strength of 300℃ was higher than other weld metals. Also the reduction of area rate was the lowest at 300℃ according to the previous test results. Consequently, this weld metal is a good substitute for the existing welding materials until 400℃ which is used in the development of welding industries today.

「죤·밀튼」의 작품에 나타난 二元性[1]

박상열 慶星大學校 1985 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

I began Milton's studies to find that his literary works are the most proper in introducing English literature in Korea. In particular I considered that Milton's inspring spirit and grand style had encouraged the war-devasted people after the war. In preparing this paper I have modernized old spelling, but met many a difficulty. Of course modernised text is commonly medernised throughout, but an editor has retained old spelling. Milton was an omnivorous student well versed in modern as well as ancient literature and philosophy in connection with Christianity. As Greek echoes we have to refer to Homer, Hesiod, Pythagoras, Sophocles, Euripides, Plate, Aristotle and others in parellel with the mythology. On the other hand, as Roman echoes we may well refer to such great poets and philosophers as Virgil, Ovid, Horace, Plotinus, and Tasso. Augustine, the greatest of the Latin Fathers, is a great figure who exerted a great influence upon the thought of Milton. Milton owes so much to Homer's poetical works throughout his poetry including both earlier poems and later poems, such an Comus, Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. And Milton admired Plato all through his life and frequently accepted his ideas in writing his early poems, prosaical works and later poems. But by the Greek mythology, poetry and philosophy and by the Roman poetry, theology, philosophy Milton was influenced all his life. In addition to them Chaucer and Spenser, the winners of a foremost rank in English literature, influenced Milton so much that the young Milton may be classified as a member of the so-called School of Spenser. My definite aim is to clarify the dualism or polarity of Milton's thought identified in his literary works. But in a comprehensive study of Milton's works we run across moral issues frequently. I have cinsidered the problems of right and wrong, good and evil, reason and passion, light and dark--the problem of dualism or antithesis of Milton's thought identified in his literary works from his earlier ones to later ones. It will take an indefinite time to accomplish such an article, but I feel my following program is my study-task. I am planning im my following program, to deal with Biblical influence on Milton and the terms of light and dark, good and evil.

「존ㆍ밀튼」의 Paradise Lost에 나타난 Secularism 연구

朴相烈 경성대학교 1984 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study aims to make clear not only an attribute of God, but a secularism in the spiritual process of writing Paradise Lost. We, of course, come across many a Christian doctorines in this epic. but I am obliged to pursue the meaning of secular elements appeared in Paradise Lost. As you know, Milton is ardent puritanist of desiring the social order, stablity, righteousness and men's reason than any other one. But by such a reason as his own wish he was obliged to express many a secular element in the process of paradise Lost. In particular he wants to express his own desire through a few characters-Adam, Eve, Satan which plays the most important role in this epic. In the process of expressing his individual desire in Paradise Lost, he showed inevtably his secular elements which was acquired through the experience of his own life. The great myth of Paradise Lost to us was the fact for the Middle Ages, firmly based on the biblical account. But no one knows away to reach it, in body or in soul, so remote from us in time and place. But only the church could give our true answer, because the only way a man could escape the misery of his life on earth was by living a truly virtuous life within the church. As I said in introduction, it is understandable to dislike the mind of the later Milton owing to his Biblical themes. But he was an experienced propagandist, very capable of desploying his whole case so as to convince his readers of what he had already decided they should believe. He could therefore express his own objects in the course of composition and imagine the way to reach the earthly paradise by the experience of his own life. Such powers of imagery as Milton had, powers for example to suggest vast space, were given their best possible scope in the epic. This might seem to settle the question. In the course of settling the question, he tried to adopt his own individual elements as proper materials of paradise Lost because he believed he could not take readers agreement without objectivity of his own. In that respect Paradise Lost, I believe, is the most objective work in literary history which can give impressive emotion to us. I think such a result could be brought by the indebtedness of mingling Christianity and Secularism through this epic.

Thermal MOCVD와 DC pulsed PA-MOCVD에 의해 증착된 TiN 박막 연구

박용균,이영섭,이태수,이성재,조동율,천희곤 울산대학교 2001 공학연구논문집 Vol.32 No.1

유기화합물(TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)과 NH3를 이용하여 thermal MOCVD와 dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD(PA-MOCVD)인 2종류의 TiN박막을 증착하여 비교하였다. TiN박막의 특성분석은 XRD, AES, FE-SEM, α-step과 XPS로 연구하였다. DC pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD로 증착된 Tin박막은 ion bombardment 효과에 의해 열적으로 증착된 것보다 더 fine한 columnar구조를 나타내므로써 막의 결정질이 향상되었다. 플라즈마에서의 아르곤 이온의 충돌로 인해 탄소(C)는 오히려 유기 화합물보다 탄소 라디칼로 존재하였다. 따라서 탄소 라디갈은 기판의 강한 (-) potential에 의해 TiN박막에 trap되기 때문에 탄소(C)는 열적으로 증착된 TiN박막보다 더 많은 양이 존재하는 것으로 추정된다. By using of (TDEAT;Ti[N(C2H5)2]4)and ammonia gas source, we deposited two different TiN thin films with thermal MOCVD and dc pulsed plasma assisted MOCVD (PA-MOCVB). The properties of TiN thin films were studied by XRD, AES, FE - SEM, α - step and XPS analyses in this work. The TiN films deposited by dc pulsed PA - MOCVD have a little higher density and a fine columnar structure, compared with thermally deposited TiN thin films. This may be due to ion bombardment effect resulting in improved crystallinity in films. Carbon in the film may exist in the form of carbonic radical rather than organic compound because of collision with Ar ion in the plasma. Consequently, the content of carbon in the film of dc pulsed PA - MOCVD was higher than that in thermally deposited TiN films, because carbon radicals could be trapped in the film by strong negative potential of the substrate.

施設園藝에 있어서 菜蔬의 品質向上을 위한 人工堆肥의 肥效에 關한 硏究

朴相熹,梁承列,陳英旭,丁蓮圭 順天大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

魚粉, 骨粉 및 기타 有機物로 構成된 人工堆肥의 施用이 葉根菜類의 生育에 미치는 影響을 究明하기 위하여 試驗을 遂行하였던 바, 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 人工堆肥의 施用은 배추의 球重과 무우, 당근의 根重을 현저하게 增加시켰다. 2. 배추의 球高나 葉數에는 人工堆肥 施用의 效果가 없었다. 3. 무우에 있어서 人工堆肥 施用이 生育初期의 根長과 地上部 生體重에 影響을 미치지는 못하나 根長의 差異를 나타냈다. 4. 당근에 있어서도 根長에는 有意性이 없었으나 根莖에는 有意性이 認定되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Artificial compost application on the growth of chinese cabbage, radish and carrot. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Artificial compost application promoted the weight of head of chinese cabbage, root weight of radish and carrot. 2. There were not differences between treatments on the height of head and No. of leaves in chinese cabbage. 3. Root diameter of radish was promoted by Artificial compost application, but was not promoted the root length and fresh weight and fresh weight of top on early growing stage. 4. In radish, there were non-significant on the root length, but were significant on the root diameter.