단량체 및 무기질 filler 조성 변화에 따른 복합레진의 유변학적 특성

이인복,이종혁,조병훈,손호현,이상탁,엄정문 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.6

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of monomer and filler compositions on the rheological properties related to the handling characteristics of resin composites. Methods. Resin matrices that Bis-GMA as base monomer was blended with TEGDMA as diluent at various ratio were mixed with the Barium glass (0.7 um and 1.0 um), 0.04 um fumed silica and 0.5 um round silica. All used fillers were silane treated. In order to vary the viscosity of experimental composites, the type and content of incorporated fillers were changed. Using a rheometer, a steady shear test and a dynamic oscillatory shear test were used to evaluate the viscosity (η) of resin matrix, and the storage shear modulus (G′), the loss shear modulus (G″), the loss tangent (tanδ) and the complex viscosity (η*) of the composites as a function of frequency ω= 0.1-100 rad/s. To investigate the effect of temperature on the viscosity of composites, a temperature sweep test was also undertaken. Results. Resin matrices were Newtonian fluid regardless of diluent concentration and all experimental composites exhibited pseudoplastic behavior with increasing shear rate. The viscosity of composites was exponentially increased with increasing filler volume%. In the same filler volume, the smaller the fillers were used, the higher the viscosities were. The effect of filler size on the viscosity was increased with increasing filler content. Increasing filler content reduced tanδby increasing the G′further than the G″. The viscosity of composites was decreased exponentially with increasing temperature.

신농양에 동반된 척추 경막외 농양 1예

엄흥식,김준재,김현수,박영정,최상봉,박원도,김상현 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Spinal epidural abscess is an uncommon but readily diagnosable and treatable potential cause of paralysis and death. The incidence of spinal epidural abscess is approximately one to two cases per 10,000 hospital admissions in the United States. The symptoms of spinal epidural abscess are varied but include lower back pain, fever, local tenderness and neurological deficit, especially in such high risk groups as patients with diabetes, intravenous drug abuse, chronic renal failure, alcoholism, liver disease and immunocompromization. Infections of the epidural space originate from contiguous spread or via hematogenous routes from a distant source. Cutaneous sites of infection are the most common remote sources, especially in intravenous drug users. S. aureus accounts for most spinal epidural abscess infections, followed by streptococci and gram-negative anaerobes. We here report a case of spinal epidural abscess in renal abscess patient complaining of fever and back pain. A 71-year old female patient was admitted to epigastric pain and oliguria. She had been diagnosed as acute renal failure and treated with hydration. After third hospital days, she shows a persistent fever and drowsy mentality. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated renal abscess. She was treated with intravenous antibiotics, third cephalosporin. Blood cultures and urinary culture revealed Escherichia, coli. After fourteenth hospital days, she developed back pain, muscle weakness and decreased sensation of lower extremities. Spine MRI demonstrated spinal epidural abscess with spinal cord compression. Surgical drainage with laminectomy was performed. After treatment of intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage, she discharged with improved back pain and neurological symptom.

정구선수의 반응시간에 관한 연구

엄성호,박현읍 울산대학교 2002 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.1

본 연구는 남자 고등학교 정구선수들의 국부 반응시간과 전신 반응시간을 집단별로 비교 분석 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 포지션별, 운동경력별, 경기 수준별, 경기 유형별로 국부 반응시간 및 전신 반응시간을 비교 분석하였다. 연구의 대상은 울산광역시, 대구광역시 및 경상북도 소재 남자고등학교에 재학중인 정구선수 32명을 선정하였으며 유의수준 .05 에서 이원변량분석으로 검증하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 국부 반응시간 비교 1) 전·후위별 반응시간 실험에서 전위와 후위 집단간 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 선택 대안수간에도 집단간 유의한 차가 있었다. 2) 운동경력별 반응시간 비교 실험에서 운동경력이 많은 선수가 운동경력이 낮은 선수보다 반응시간이 빨랐지만 유의한 차는 없었다. 3) 경기 수준별 반응시간 비교실험에서 비우수 선수집단이 우수선수 집단보다 반응시간이 빨랐으나 유의한 차는 없었다. 4) 경기유형별 반응시간 비교 실험에서 복식 선수 집단이 단식 선수 집단보다 반응시간이 발랐으나 유의한 차는 없었다. 2. 전신 반응시간 비교 1) 전·후위별 반응시간 비교 실험에서 집단간 유의 한 차이가 있었고, 소리와 빛에 대한 자극간에서도 집단간 유의한 차가 있었다. 2) 운동 경력별 반응시간 비교 실험에서 집단간 유의한 차는 없었으나 소리와 빛에 대한 자극간에서 집단간 유의한 차가 있었다. 3) 경기 수준별 반응시간 교 실험에서는 집단간 유의한 차는 없었으나 소리와 빛에 대한 자극간에서 집단간 유의한 차가 있었다. 4) 경기유형별 반응시간 비교 실험에서 유의한 차는 없었으나 소리와 빛에 대한 자극간에서 집단간 유의한 차가 있었다. The aim of this study is to analyze the local reaction time and whole body reaction time of high school soft tennis player based on the position of play, carrier of competition, level of performance and competition category. The subjects of this study were 32 soft tennis players in Ulsan Metropolitan City, Daegu Metropolitan City and Gyungsangbukdo Province. The mesurement in reaction times were analyzed by ANOVA in the significant level of .05. 1. Comparison of the local reaction time. 1) By the position of play, reaction time was a significant difference between fore and back player. 2) By the carrier of competition, reaction time of the subjects who have had the more carrier of competition showed the faster reaction time than the less experience a but there was no significant differences between three groups. 3) By the level of performance, the subjects who were inferior in performance showed the faster reaction time but there was no significant differences between two groups. 4) By the competition category, the doubles player showed the faster reaction time than singles player but there was no significant differences between two groups. 2. Comparison of the whole body reaction time 1) By the position of play, reaction time was a significant difference between fore and back player group. And there was a significant difference on the stimulus of sound and light signals. 2) By the carrier of competition, reaction time was no significant difference between three groups. And there was a significant difference on the stimulus of sound and light signals. 3) By the level, of competition,, reaction time was no significant differences between two groups. And there was a significant difference on the stimulus of sound and light signals. 4) By the competition category, reaction time was no significant difference between singles and doubles player. And there was a significant difference on the stimulus of sound and light signals.

Flowable Composite Resin의 미세변연누출 및 전단결합강도

박성준,오명환,김오영,이광원,엄정문,권혁춘,손호현 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.4

급성신부전, 막성 신병증과 간염이 합병된 제2기 매독1례

김현수,박영정,엄흥식,이활연,최상봉,김상현,박원도 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Syphilis is a systemic infectious disease infected by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It shows variable clinical manifestations. Nephrotic syndrome from secondary syphilis is a rare complication in Korea. One letter was reported before in Korea. This report describes 64-year-old male patient with syphilis presented with feature of hepatitis, acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome. A diagnosis of secondary syphilis was done by the serologic test for syphilis. After diagnosis of syphilis, we supposed that nephrotic syndrome and hepatitis were the complication of secondary syphilis and performed a kidney biopsy. A kidney biopsy revealed membranous nephropathy characterized by subepithelial deposits involving the glomerular basement membrane and effacement of epithelial foot-process on electron microscopy. The patient was treated with intramuscular benzathine penicillin 2.4 million units. Proteinuria, renal failure, hepatitis were resolved in 3 weeks after penicillin therapy.

솔잎(갈비)·솔방울의 수처리에 관한 연구

최순규,엄기수,성현순,김윤영,이시우,정대일,이용균 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1994 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.2

The absorption ability of low density heavy metal of pine needles and cones is better than one of existing absorption materials in treatment ability and experimental condition. The elimination ability of chlorine of pine needles and cones is better than one of active carbon. In elimination of trihalomethane, the effect of treatment of pine needles is lower than one of pine cones. And surface of pine needles and cones after absorption of heavy metal ion was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM). Application and availability of pine needles and cones as absorption material need lots of experiments. The experiment on Gal-Bi(fallen leaves) is proceeding.

2000학년도 입학관련 정책연구

김선형,남상인,엄태준,제갈욱,신현철,권준택 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1999 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This paper presents an improved admission policy of 2000 academical year so that more promising students apply for the University. By analyzing the past admission data and the questioned report, a unique admission policy has been suggested as the University feature reflected. One of the major differences compared from the admission policy of the last year is that the entry number limit for the special admission is in creased or newly established such as the entry allocated for recommended students, perfectly attending students, and regionally apportioned students. Also established is the special admission for those licensed students and late educated students.

공동주택 사전성능평가를 위한 성능평가 시스템 개발에 관한 연구

강미선,이상현,김하나,엄혜진 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.10

The purpose of this study is to propose an evaluation framework for Collective Housing and to develop the Design Evaluation System. The Performance Evaluation System of Collective Housing in the Design Development Stage evaluates its design results by running CAD program. The results are automatically reflected in the design process. The scope of this study will be limited to the contents within the Barrier Free Design. Running the design evaluation program requires the conversion of design forms and design checklist to computerized ones. To efficiently conduct this process, First, organize the existing guideline of the Barrier Free Design. Second, define attributes of each part in Building Data Model with the analysis of the checklist. Third, develop the Performance Analysis agent that compares Building Data Model with translated checklists. Finally, verify the efficiency of the Performance Evaluation System by seeking experts' advice on the result of the program.

자연환경방사선에 의한 피폭선량(유효선량당량)의 종합적 해석연구

전재식,채하석,이병영,김현창,이동준,김도성,엄두하 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1990 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.-

자연환경방사선의 세 가지 주요 요소인 지각방사선, 우주선 전리성분 및 라돈과 그 자핵종이 주는 선량을 측정, 해석하였는 바 18개월간에 걸쳐 대전, 수원, 경산 지역에 대하여 수행하고 이를 종합하여 유효선량당량으로 평가하였다. 지각방사선과 우주선 전리성분 측정을 위하여 3"∮×3" Nal(Tl) 섬광검출기와 휴대형 다중파고분석기를 이용한 감마선 분광분석 및 ^7LiF PTEE disk TLD에 의한 적산선량측정을 병행하였고, 공기중 라돈농도의 측정은 CR-39 고체비적검출기를 내장한 라돈컵을 설계제작하여 사용하였으며 비적수 라돈농도 교정인자는 스웨덴 국립방사선 방호연구소의 표준 라돈 챔버내에서 조사하여 결정하였다. 세 지역의 가연방사선에 의한 유효선량당량에는 약간의 수치적 차이는 있었으나 본질적 차이는 찾아볼 수 없었으며 지역 측정치의 분산가중 평균치는 지각방사선 (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍh^-1], 우주선 전리성분 (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1]로 외부 피폭이 (775±9)uSvㆍy^-1[(88.5±1.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였으며 라돈과 그 자핵종에 의한 내부피폭은 (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1]였다. 따라서 자연황경방사선에 의한 여간 총 선량당량은 (2762±296)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍh^-1]로 평가되었는데 이 값들은 UN보고서^(11)에 나온 “정상적 자연방사선 지역”의 값과 비교할 만한 타당한 값으로 나타났다. Assessment of effective dose equivalent from natural environmental radiation that consists of terrestrial gamma­ray, ionizing component of cosmic­ray and alpha­rays of atmospheric radon and its decay products has been carried out for 18 months in Daejeon, Suwon and Kyungsan areas. A 3"∮×3"cylindrical Nal(Ti) scintillation detector in association with portable multichannel analyser and ^7LiF PTFE disk TLDs were used for the measurement of terrestrial gamma­ray and cosmic­ray ionizing component, while self­designed radon­cups with CR-39 SSNTD attached to the inside bottom were used for the integral measurement of at­mospheric radon concentration. Determination of calibration factor for converting track density of CR-39 detector to radon concentration was made by irradiation of radon­cups in the standard radon chamber of Swedish National Institute of Radiation Protection. Although resultant effective dose equivalents of three different measurment points show minor numerical differences, no essential discripancy between the places was found. The variance weighted means of the annual effective dose equivalents of each component of radiation from the tree places came out to be: (463±3)uSvㆍy^-1[(52.9±0.3)nSvㆍy^-1] for terrestrial gamma­ray, (287±15)uSvㆍy^-1[(32.8±1.7)nSvㆍy^-1] for ionizing component of cosmic­ray and (1973±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(225.2±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1] for internal exposure of radon and its decay products. Consequent total effective dose equivalent turned out to be (2762±298)uSvㆍy^-1[(315.3±34.0)nSvㆍy^-1], which if reasonably comparable with that appeared in UNSCEAR Report^[11]as per caput annual effective dose equivalent in “areas of normal back ground radiation.”

수직 진동형 Rheometer를 이용한 복합레진의 유변학적 성질의 측정

이인복,조병훈,손호현,이상탁,엄정문 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.6

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the viscoelastic properties related to handling characteristics of composite resins. Methods: A custom designed vertical oscillation rheometer (VOR) was used for rheological measurements of composites. The VOR consists of three parts: (1) a measuring unit, (2) a deformation induction unit and (3) a force detecting unit. Two medium viscous composites, Z100 and Z250 and two packable composites, P60 and SureFil were tested. The viscoelastic material function, including complex modulus E* and phase angle δ, were measured. A dynamic oscillatory test was used to evaluate the storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″) and loss tangent (tanδ) of the composites as a function of frequency (ω) from 0.1 to 20 ㎐ at 23℃. Results: The E′and E″ increased with increasing frequency and showed differences in magnitude between brands. The E*s of composites at ω= 2 ㎐, normalized to that of Z100, were 2.16 (Z250), 4.80 (P60) and 25.21 (SureFil). The magnitudes and patterns of the change of tanδof composites with increasing frequency were significantly different between brands. The relationships between the complex modulus E*, the phase angle δ and the frequency ωwere represented by frequency domain phasor form, E* (ω) = E*e^(iδ)= E*∠δ. Conclusions: The viscoelasticity of composites that influences handling characteristics is significant different between brands. The VOR is a relatively simple device for dynamic, mechanical analysis of high viscous dental composites. The locus of frequency domain phasor plots in a complex plane is a valuable method of representing the viscoelastic properties of composites.