Welfare Effects of Voluntary Import Expansion : Using Cournot Model 쿠르노 모델을 이용하여

Sim, Sung-Hoon 慶州大學校 2005 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

그 동안 수입할당제(import quota)에 대한 대안으로써 자발적 수출제한(voluntary export restraint)이라는 정부의 정책에 관하여 활발하게 연구되어 왔으나, 자발적 수입확대(voluntary import expansion) 정책에 대한 연구는 그리 활발하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 단순한 쿠르노 모델을 이용하여, 자발적 수입확대정책을 채택한 나라의 후생 효과(welfare effect)에 대한 몇 가지 이론적 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 자발적 수입확대 정책을 채택한 나라는, 자유무역의 경우에 비하여 가격을 상향하는 전략을 채택함으로써 이익을 극대화 할 수 있음을 보여 준다. 둘째, 자발적 수입확대가 매우 클 경우에는 후생효과가 불확실하다는 결론이 도출되었다. 셋째, 자발적 수입확대와는 다르게 자발적 수출제한은 가격경쟁에 의하여 한 나라를 시장에서 퇴출시키지 못한다는 것을 보여 주었다. 또한 본 연구는 한 나라의 경제 규모가 매주 작은 경우뿐만 아니라, 그 규모가 매우 큰 경우에도 그 나라는 자발적 수입확대를 무시할 수 있다는 점을 이론적으로 보여 준다.

Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu

Sung-Hoon Hong 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.2

Hong, Sung-Hoon. 2002. Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 8.2. 323-350. This paper addresses some important issues raised by A TR harmony in Classical Manchu, formerly treated as front/back harmony. Here, the front high vowel [i] is totally inactive with respect to the harmony: it is transparent to the harmony, and further, it does not initiate the harmony. I will show that these properties of [i] will be properly explained if we allow underspecified [i] as an option for inputs and output candidate forms. Allowing underspecified [i] in fact accords more with basic notions of Optimality Theory (OT) such as Freedom of Analysis and Richness of the Base than the analyses that do not tolerate this possibility. I will further show that once we allow underspecified [i], its selection in output candidate forms or in input forms is totally governed by OT principles such as constraint interaction and Lexicon Optimization, respectively. (Hansung University)

Adamkiewicz 동맥의 폐색에 의한 척수경색 1례

이광훈,이종걸,이태연,신동익,이성현,이상수,한설희,차상훈 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Underlying representation in geminates: from OT perspective

Sung-Hoon Hong,Chang-Kook Suh 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1

Hong, Sung-Hoon, and Chang-Kook Suh. 2004. Underlying represen-tation in Geminates: from an OT perspective. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 129.144. This research has examined the status of Underlying Representation (UR) in Optimality Theory focusing on the representation of consonant geminates. For this purpose, we have examined geminate/singleton alternation in Ponapean employing Lexicon Optimization (LO), an algorithm proposed to select a UR among multiple inputs. We have seen that simple application of LO is problematic in singling out a UR for the case of alternation. This leads us to the version of LO that is performed on the paradigms, rather than on an individual forms (Tesar and Smolensky 1996, 2000, Inkelas 1995, 1998). After a thorough implementation of LO, we have found that the URs are simply identical to the input forms; geminate UR for the alternating case and singleton UR for the nonalternating case. Further, it was shown that a unique underlying representation of geminates, regardless of their positions in which they occur, can account for the exceptional geminate behaviors. (Hansung University and Cheonan University)

상부소화관출혈에 있어서 내시경적 분말약제산포의 효과

김상균,조주영,송상훈,김진오,이준성,이문성,심찬섭 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Bleeding after endoscopic procedure of the stomach carries an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In case of oozing hemorrhage, not in active hemorrhage, powdered sodium alginate may play a role in control of bleeding with convenience. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical effect and efficacy of sodium alginate powder in upper G-Ⅰ bleeding. Methods : Forty-five patients who had upper G-Ⅰ bleeding after endoscopic procedure were enrolled in this study. Twenty-five patients of them were managed by the application of powder preparation of Sodium alginate(ALTO). The others were observed without treatment. The next day, we performed endoscopy in all patients to ascertain the hemostasis. Results : Of 25 patients managed with Sodium alginate, only two patients(8%) had bleeding (hemostatic rate : 92%), On the other hand, of 20 patients who did not receive any treatment, 3 patient(15%) had bleeding (hemostatic rate : 85%). There was no statistical difference between the two groups(p>0.05). Using other endoscopic procedure, We successfully treated the patient who continued to bleed. Conclusion : We evaluated the effect of the spary of sodium alginate on oozing hemorrhage. Although there was no statistical significance in our study, it seems that the spray of sodium alginate may be a useful method for the prevention of bleeding after endoscopic procedure.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

9-12%Cr강의 첨가원소 및 열처리에 따른 미세조직거동과 경도변화

주성욱,유정훈,신기삼,허성강,이재현,석진익,김병훈,김정태 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

9-12%Cr steel are getting increasing attention for expanded application as high temperature materials applicable for gas turbine compressors, steam turbine rotors, blade and casing. For efficient and extensive application of 9-12%Cr steel, the data in addition to the improvement of mechanical properties on the correlation of microstructural evolution and mechanical properties are inevitable and thus the investigation in this study is performed for the determination for the specimens heat-treated at 600, 650 and 700℃ for 1000, 3000 and 5000hrs. The microstructure of as-received specimen was tempered martensite, with a high dislocation density and secondary phases. Upon high temperature heat-treatment, the martensite lath got larger and dislocation density decreased resulting the reduction of the strength. In addition, sharp growth of secondary phases was observed in the specimen heat-treated at 700℃ for 5000hrs. A specimen aged at 600℃ and 650℃ Laves phase was observed. The hardness showed close relationship with the secondary phase particle and dislocation density.

1980年度 痢疾樣 大便을 가진 患兒들에 對한 臨床的 細菌學的 觀察

趙龍勳,南聖枝,具滋薰,安斗洪,薛盛用 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2

1980年 1月부터 1980年 8月까지 滿 8個月間 痢疾樣 大便을 主訴로 本 小兒科에서 入院및 來院한 患兒 75名을 對象으로 臨床的, 細菌學的 觀察을 하여 다음과 같은 咸績을 얻었다. 年齡別 分布는 1歲에서 5歲 사이가 35例(47%)로 가장 높았으며 이들中 Shigella는 23例(30%), Entameba histolytica는 13例(17%)였고 Vibrio parahaemolyticus는 한 例도 檢出되지 않았다. 檢出된 Shigella 23菌株는 모두 Shigella flexneri 였다. 月別分布는 6月 16例(20%), 7月 30例(40%)로서 最多數를 占하였으나 細菌性 痢疾의 경우 月別에 관계없이 均等하게 分布하고 있었다. 臨床症狀및 理學的 所見으로는 細菌性痢疾의 경우 38℃ 以上의 發熱 19例(83%), 嘔吐 6例(26%), 腹痛 8例(35%), 痙攣 5例(22%)였으며, 아메바性 痢疾에서는 發熱 4例(31%), 痙攣 1例(8%)로서 細菌性 痢疾에서 아메바性 痢疾보다 發熱과 痙攣이 빈번히 나타났다. 泄瀉의 性狀에서는 細菌性 痢疾 23例中 血粘液性이 19例(83%)였는데 비해 아메바性 痢疾 13例에서는 粘液性이 8例(62%)였다. 泄瀉의 回數에서도 細菌性 痢疾에서는 대부분이 11回以上이었는데 比해 아메바性 痢疾에서는 대부분이 10回未滿이었다. 末梢血液에서의 白血球數는 全例의 35%에서 白血球 增多症을 보였다. 分離된 Shigella 23菌株에 對한 抗生劑 感受性 檢査를 平板混合포稀釋法에 依해 調査해 본 結果 kanamycin, gentamicin, amikacin, cephaloridine, rifampin이 100%의 感受性을 나타내어 가장 높았고, nalidixic acid에서도 87%의 感愛性을 나타냈으며, sulfonamide, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, bactrim 에서는 한 菌株를 제외한 모든 菌株에서 耐性을 나타냈다. 그리고 이들 Shigella 23菌株中 1菌株를 제외한 나머지 모든 菌株에서 6種 以上의 抗生物質에 對해 多抗生物質耐性을 보여 주었다. A clinical and laboratory study was conducted on 75 children with dysentery-like stool, who were admitted or visited to our pediatric department during 8 months period from January to August 1980. The following results were obtained: One to five years of age group was affected most frequently (47%). Shigella flexneri was identified by stool culture in 23 cases (30%) and Entameba hitolytica in 13 cases (17%). In bacillary dysentery group, fever was the most common symptom occuring in 83%, followed by abdominal pain in 35%, vomiting in 26% and convulsion in 22%. In amoebic dysentery group, fever was noted in 31% and convulsion in 8%, showing some contrast to the frequency of fever and CNS manifestation. About the character of diarrheal stools, 83% of bacillary dysentery group showed bloody, mucoid stool and 62% of amoebic dysentery group mucoid ones. Frequency of diarrhea was 11 times per day or more in 73% of bacillary dysentery patients, and 10 times per day or less in 92% of amoebic dysentery patients. The result of sensitivity test of isolated Shigella to various antibiotics were as follow: 100% sensitive to kanamicin, gentamicin, amikacin, cephaloridine and rifampin. 87% to nalidixic acid, and 4.3% to sulfonamide, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracyclin, ampicillin and bactrim. And 22 out of 23 isolated Shigella strains revealed multiplydrug-resistance patterns to 6 or more antibiotics.

Q-행렬에 근거하는 치유교습 순서

김성훈(Sung Hoon Kim) 한국교육평가학회 2020 교육평가연구 Vol.33 No.2

이 연구는 인지진단 결과로 주어지는 미성취 인지요소의 치유교습 순서에 Q-행렬이 어느 정도로 어떻게 결정하는지 탐색하였다. Tatsuoka(2009)가 소개한 인접행렬, 도달행렬, 그리고 영향도표를 이용하여 Q-행렬에 내재하는 인지요소 간의 인과관계를 치유교습의 순서로 개념화하였다. 이 연구 결과로 제안한 Q-행렬의 치유교습 순서 기여도는 그 행렬에 포함된 K개의 인지요소 간 있을 수 있는 모든 인과관계의 수에 대한 실제 Q-행렬에 내재하는 인과관계 수의 비율로 정의하였다. 분석 대상 Q-행렬은 이 이론적 배경에 사용된 예시적 Q-행렬과 실제 Q-행렬 2개다. 후자는 성태제(2018) 연구와 박세진·이현숙(2018) 연구에서 인용하였다. 연구 결론으로서 Q-행렬은 치유교습 순서 결정을 위한 보편적 출발점이 되며; 지식의 위계가 분명한 검사일수록 Q-행렬의 치유교습 순서 기여도는 높을 것이며; 인지진단 결과로 주어지는 인지상태는 Q-행렬의 가정과 충돌할 수 있음 등이 논의되었다. This study was to investigate how and how much does a Q-matrix contribute in deciding the sequence of remedial instruction of the unattained attributes being identified from cognitive diagnostic assessment. Applying the adjacency matrix, reachability matrix, and influence diagram introduced in cognitive assessment context by Tatsuoka (2009), the sequence was defined as the causal relationship among attributes forming a Q-matrix. Three Q-matrices were gone under analysis. They were an example one, one from Sung’s(2018) study, and the other from Park & Lee’s(2018) study. The results were discussed into three conclusions. Firstly, the Q- matrix could provide a objective starting point for a whole sequence of remedial instruction; secondly, the more hierarchical a Q- matrix was the more it helped deciding sequence of remedial instruction; thirdly, knowledge states from cognitive diagnosis might contradict the causal relationship assumptions implied by the Q-matrix.

원문 : 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램이 노인들의 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향

양상훈 ( Sang Hoon Yang ),김종식 ( Jong Shik Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2014 운동과학 Vol.23 No.3

양상훈, 김종식. 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램이 노인들의 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제23권 제3호, 229-240, 2014. 본 연구는 여성노인 65세 이상 16명을 대상으로 8주간의 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램 참여가 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 활동체력의 경우 악력은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 하지근력과 유연성은 운동 후 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 대사증후군 위험인자의 경우 HDL-C는 운동 후 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, glucose는 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 허리둘레, 수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압, TG는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 염증인자의 경우 CRP, TNF-α 모두 운동 후 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 야외운동기구 운동프로그램은 하지근력, 유연성 강화와 HDL-C 증가, glucose 감소의 연구결과를 보았을 때 더 다양한 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램을 개발하고 지속적으로 운동의 효율을 높여간다면 노화를 지연시킬 뿐만 아니라 각종 질병을 방지하고 건강을 유지시키는 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Yang, Sang-Hoon, Kim, Jong-Shik. The Effects of Exercise Program Outdoor Exercise Equipment on Activity Fitness, Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and Inflammatory Factors in the Elderly. Exercise Science, 23(3): 229-240. 2014. This study is for observing the influence of exercising in outdoor exercise facilities for 8 weeks on activity fitness, risk factors of insulin resistance syndrome and inflammatory factors in 16 females who are aged 65 years or older. The major results on this analysis are as follows: In parameters for activity fitness, there was no significant difference in grasping power but a significant increase in strength of lower limb muscles and flexibility after exercise. For risk factors of insul in resistance syndrome, there was a significant increase in HDL-C after exercise with a significant decrease in gl ucose. There was no significant difference in waist l ine, systol ic bl ood pressure, diastol ic bl ood pressure and TG. For inflammatory factors, there was a decrease in CRP and TNF-α after exercise with no significance. In conclusion, the results showing positive effects on physical fitness of lower limb muscles and physiological markers including HDL-C and glucose indicates that elderly women exercising in outdoor exercise facilities may have benefits of antiaging effect, prevent various diseases and stay healthy if efficiency of exercise using outdoor exercise facilities is continually improved in a variety of training programs.