Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics

Gui-Sun Moon,Sun-Woong Kim,Jeong-Ah Shin,Hae-Kyung Wee,Jong Un Park,Myung-Kwan Park,Wonil Chung 현대문법학회 2018 현대문법연구 Vol.99 No.-

Gui-Sun Moon, Sun-Woong Kim, Jeong-Ah Shin, Hae-Kyung Wee, Jong Un Park, Myung-Kwan Park, and Wonil Chung. 2018. Voice Mismatch Meets Neurolinguistics. Studies in Modern Grammar 99, 85-115. This paper aims to investigate Korean advanced L2 English learners’ strategies for ellipsis resolution during sentence processing. Ellipsis resolution is known to involve several stages of information processing from the initial step of detecting an ellipsis-licensing element by the parser to the final stage of integrating the ellipsis site with the information retrieved from the antecedent of the ellipsis site. In examining these steps, we have manipulated three factors: (i) TP vs. VP-ellipsis; (ii) two types of discourse coherence relations (resemblance(-contrast) vs. cause-effect relations); (iii) voice match vs. mismatch. We found through the ERP recordings that voice mismatch in TP ellipsis elicited N400, followed by P600, irrespective of discourse coherence relations. In contrast, voice mismatch in VP-ellipsis registered N400 only in resemblance(-contrast) relation, but not in cause-effect relation. These findings lead us to conclude that Korean advanced L2 learners of English seem to undergo the full sequence of processing stages required for ellipsis resolution.

On the Sluicing with Covert Correlates

Sun-Woong Kim,Soo-Bong Kim 한국생성문법학회 2017 생성문법연구 Vol.27 No.3

Kim, Sun-Woong, Kim, Soo-Bong. 2017. On the Sluicing with Covert Correlates. Studies in Generative Grammar, 27-3, 631-647. This paper is an attempt to explain Chung s (2013) generalization not in terms of Case but in terms of phase. The sprouting type sluicing shows that pied piped PPs can be a sluice but not NPs. Regarding this contrast, Chung (2013) captures a generalization that prepositions cannot be stranded under sluicing when the antecedent clause does not contain an indefinite antecedent. An immediate question regarding this generalization is why? Another question, from a broader perspective, does which approach to sluicing better explain the data, PF-deletion or LF-copying. This paper shows that Chung s (2013) generalization regarding the preposition stranding and sprouting type sluicing can be derived from deeper derivational principles in terms of the non-rigid definition of phases. This paper eventually supports the view that the PF-deletion approaches to sluicing are better than LF-copying approaches. The solution is extended to explain the irreparable examples of left branch extraction (LBE) in English.

A PF‐based Approach to the That‐t Effect

Sun‐,Woong Kim 현대문법학회 2005 현대문법연구 Vol.39 No.-

This paper proposes a new explanation of the well‐known that‐t effect, based on the assumption that the head‐head relation is a matter of PF rather than of syntax. After critical review of some Minimalist approaches (Roussou 2002, Roberts and Roussou 2001, Pesetsky and Torrego 2001, 2002), a PF‐based solution is proposed in terms of a generalization on the lexical realization of heads. In particular, this paper argues that the first head that is compatible with agreement must lexically host the Agr‐feature of T on a phase basis. This solution turns out to be applicable to various data regarding the that‐t effects across languages.

The Efficacy and Safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Split-face Trial

( Sun Young Huh ),( Jung Won Shin ),( Jung Im Na ),( Chang Hun Huh ),( Sang Woong Youn ),( Kyoung Chan Park ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.1

Background: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it has received increasing attention as a new hypopigmenting agent. However, the hypopigmenting effect of 4-n-butylresorcinol in human subjects has only been shown in a few studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypopigmenting efficacy and safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream for the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty patients with melasma were enrolled to this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split-face comparative study. The patients were instructed to apply 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream or vehicle to each side of the face twice daily for 8 weeks. Mexameter measurements were performed along with photography at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Adverse events were observed and recorded throughout the study. Results: All the patients completed the study. Mexameter measurements demonstrated that the melanin index of the treated side showed a significant decrease when compared with that of the vehicle-treated side after 4 weeks (p=0.006) and after 8 weeks (p<0.0005). All the adverse reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion: 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream showed rapid efficacy and it was well tolerated when used for the treatment of melasma. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 21∼25, 2010)

현대 시조의 음악성 考

신웅순(Sin, Woong-Sun) 한국시조학회 2015 시조학논총 Vol.42 No.-

본 논문은 시조의 음악성을 일단의 두 가지로 정의하고 그 음악성이 현대 시조에서 어떻게 나타나고 있는가를 검증해보는 데에 목적이 있다. 첫째, 가곡 4장 즉 시조 종장의 첫 음보에는 반드시 시상 반전이 있어야한다. 가곡은 5장으로 불리어지는데 각 장들은 시조의 2, 3음보 혹은 4음보가 가곡의 한 장으로 불리어지는데 반해 가곡 4장만은 종장의 첫 음보인 1음보로만 불리어지고 있다. 시조 종장의 첫 음보가 시상 반전의 축이 되기 때문이며 이것이 작동이 되어야 시조로서의 음악성을 제대로 유지할 수 있다. 둘째, 시조 4음보와 시조창의 각이 의미의 완결성과 함께 같은 값으로 대응되어야 한다. 시조의 음보가 지켜지지 않으면 각 장의 의미의 완결성에도 문제가 생기고 시조창의 각에도 문제가 생겨 시조창의 시연이 불가능하게 된다. 각 장의 의미의 완결성, 음보와 각과의 관계가 같은 값으로 대응되어야 시조의 음악성을 유지할 수가 있다. 다음으로 이 음악성이 현대시조에서 어떻게 나타나고 있는가를 검증해보았다. 통사 마디를 구성하지 못하는 단시조에서의 결음보와 양장시조의 예 그리고 음보를 넘어선 음절 단위의 배행, 전환구에서의 느슨한 의미 반전 등의 예를 통해 검토해보았다. 필자가 제시한 이 두 가지 음악성은 이미 고시조를 통해서 검증된 것들이다. 그러나 현대시조에 와 이미지 위주로만 창작하다보니 이러한 음악성이 무시되어 시조의 정체성에 문제가 생기고 있다. 시조는 음악성이 생명이다. 현대시조가 이미지 위주로 창작되어진다 해도 음악성이 없는 시조는 시조라고 말할 수 없다. 현대 시조가 창으로 시연되고 있지는 않지만 창으로 시연될 수 있는 형식은 갖추고 있어야한다. 그래야 시조의 음악성을 유지할 수가 있다. 현대 시조에 와 시조의 정체성이 상실된 것들이 많아 이제는 시조창과 시조문학과의 결합의 문제를 떠나 소통의 문제로 현대시조를 인식해야할 시점에 이르렀다고 사료된다. This article defines sijo’s musicality in two ways and verifies how musicality is shown in modern sijo with some examples. First, the first metre of a song’s fourth part, that is, the sijo’s jongjang, should include a reverse of its poetic image. A song consists of five parts. Each part is sung as a part of the song, that is, the sijo’s dimetre, trimetre, or tetrametre, but its fourth part is sung as the monometre which is the first metre of its jongjang. This is because the first metre of a sijo’s jongjang forms the axis of the reverse in its poetic image, and when this works properly, it can maintain musicality as a sijo. Second, a sijo’s tetrametre and sijo-chang’s gak should correspond as the same value along with the completion of its meaning. If a sijo does not keep the metre, each part’s completion of meaning and also the sijo-chang’s gak become problematic, so it is impossible to perform sijo-chang. Only when each part’s completion of meaning and the gak of the metre correspond to each other as the same value, the sijo can maintain its musicality. Next, the study verifies how musicality is shown in modern sijo. This was examined through the examples of gyeol-metre and yangjang-sijo in dan-sijo that cannot form any tongsa madi, arrangement of syllable units beyond metres, or the examples of loose reverse of meaning in a transitional phrase. The two kinds of musicality presented by this author have already been proved with old sijo. However, modern sijo has been created mainly centering around its image, so such musicality has been ignored and sijo’s identity has been damaged seriously. In sijo, musicality gives life. If modern sijo is created mainly around its image, it can never be called as sijo unless it has musicality. Although modern sijo is not performed as music, it should be equipped with the form to be performed as a chang. This is how sijo can maintain its musicality. It is thought that now is the time to recognize modern sijo as the matter of communication between sijo-chang and sijo literature, not just as the combination of sijo-chang and sijo literature.

1910년대 조선에서 자유주의의 두 가지 유형과 성격

최선웅(Choi, Sun?woong) 호서사학회 2015 역사와 담론 Vol.0 No.75

정인보와 동아일보

최선웅(Choi, Sun-woong) 한국인물사연구회 2015 한국인물사연구 Vol.23 No.-

This research aimed at analyzing the theory of movement of Jeong, inbo and Dong-A Ilbo from 1920s to early and mid 1930, checking the agreement between the two, and investigating the development of Jeong, inbo"s "Joseonhak"(Joseon studies) movement therein. It was determined that Dong-A Ilbo and Jeong, inbo formed a steady bond of sympathy on national movement. That could be found in the fact that both of them asserted the development of independent national culture as an urgent problem of national movement, which took Joseon as the unit. In the point that the selected urgent problem was the development of independent national culture based on the same ideological foundation, nationalism, agreement of the two existed. Therefore, Jeong, inbo, who began to make relationship with Dong-A Ilbo from 1924, at the latest, clarified his political opinion through Dong-A Ilbo, as well, utilized it as the major stage of developing Joseonhak movement of 1930s. Jeong, inbo"s study on Joseonhak was progressed by being interconnected with national culture enhancement planning of Dong-A Ilbo. Jeong, inbo serially published a bibliographical introduction of a classical work of Joseon in Dong-A Ilbo, and asserted historic place preservation such as Admiral Yi Sun-sin enhancement project, etc. by receiving Song, jinwoo"s advice. Also, he serially published "Yangmyunghak-yeonron" in Dong-A Ilbo, one of his major achievement in 66 installments. In Dasan commemoration business, the opportunity of regular Joseon studies movement, Jeong, inbo published editorial and thesis in Dong-A Ilbo and conducted commemorative lecture. "Eol-sagwan"(historical view by national spirit), peak of Jeong, inbo"s Joseon studies research, was also published in Dong-A Ilbo. This way, Jeong, inbo"s Joseon studies research was developed through the medium, Dong-A Ilbo. This proved that his Joseonhak movement was developed by being mutually closely interlocked with cultural movement theory of Dong-A Ilbo, accordingly, it is not valid to divide the two into compromise and non-compromise, or left/right nationalism.

고분자 재료의 계장화 충격실험에 관한 연구

최선웅,우창기,윤종희 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.13 No.6

Impact behavior of polycarbonate in various defect state was investigated using an instrumented impact tester. A method of analyzing raw impact data was developed and successfully demonstrated the impact behavior in terms of load-displacement and energy-displacement curves. This technique was shown to be capable of separating defect, no-defect initiated fractures as well as their propagation behaviors.

Object Shift

김선웅 광운대학교 인문사회과학연구소 1997 인문사회과학논문집 Vol.26 No.-

Abstract영어와 한국어의 목적어의 이동과 동사의 이동은 Chomsky(1995)의 주장대로 비현시적(covert)인가? Chomsky(1995)의 분석에 따르면 영어의 경우 일반적인 타동사 구문의 목적어는 그것의 형식자질들이 자질점검을 위하여 비현시적으로 이동하여 상위의 v에 부가된다고 한다. 그러나 논리형태부에서의 자질 이동이 단지 격자질을 포함하는 형식자질들 만의 이동이라면 과연 형식자질들 만의 이동으로 결속현상이나 통제현상 및 의미작용역의 상호관계 등을 잘 설명할 수 있는가는 의미 있는 연구의 대상이 아닐 수 없다. 또한 최근 동사구생략 현상과 관련하여 Lasnik(1995a, 1997) 등을 중심으로 현시적 목적어 이동 및 동사 이동의 가능성이 심도 있게 논의되고 있는 바, 이 연구에서는 이 점에 착안하여 영어의 목적어와 동사의 이동은 현시적임을 주장하고자 한다. 일찍이 Pesetsky(1989), Larson(1988), Johnson(1991) 등은 동사의 현시적 이동에 관한 가능성에 대해 논의를 시작하고 있다. 최근 들어 Koizumi(1993)은 분열동사구가설(Split VP Hypothesis)을 제안하면서 이러한 선행연구자들의 입증을 지지하고 영어에서는 도사의 이동뿐만 아니라 목적어의 이동도 현시적이어야 한다는 주장을 한다. Lasnik(1995a, 1997), Runner(1996) 등도 Koizumi(1993)의 가설을 적극 수용하여 유사공백구문(pseudogapping), 선행사내재삭제구문(ACD) 등의 설명을 위해 현시통사부에서 이러한 이동들이 일어나야 한다고 주장하고 있다. 목적어의 이동이 현시적이라는 주장은 나아가 예외적 격표시구문의 종속절 주어의 이동도 현시적이라는 주장으로 확대된다. Koizumi(1993)은 부사의 위치에 따른 해석 문제로, Lasnik(1995b)은 there-구문에서의 결속 문제로, Boskovic(1997) 은 등위접속구문의 문제로 같은 결론에 도달하고 있다.

노인외상환자의 외상중증도계수와 동통감지력의 변화에 대한 임상적 고찰

이진웅,임경수,김영식,황성오,이강현,김선만,김 현 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Because elderly individuals are participitating in social work as adult inspite of their physical handicapes such as hearing difficulty, visual difficulty and limit of motion, they are continually exposed to the risk of injury. Trauma is now fifth cause of death in elderly of over 65 years old, and the elderly suffer disproportionately high injury-related motality comparing with younger adults. In addition, sometimes elderly patients don`t complaint of pain on injured site because of high threshold to pain. We studied about occurence of neglected injury due to high threshold to pain in geriatric trauma patients. When we diagnosised injury that patients did not complaint of pain on injured site through physical examination and radiologic examination, we defined that as neglected injury. There were 8 (8%) geriatric patients who didn`t complaint of pain on injured site on admission to emergency center, but only 0.7% of adult patients had neglected injury. The severity was estimated by use of AIS(Abbreviated Injury Scale), and the severity of all neglected injuries were above AIS 2 point. The neglected injury were head injuries(4 in number), abdominal injury(1), pelvic injuries(2) and extremity injury(1). So if geriatric trauma patients were admitted to emergency center, we recommand full physical and radiological examinations although patients don`t complaint of pain.