Evaluation of Soybean Cultivars for Resistance to Phomopsis Seed Decay in Korea

Suli Sun,반규정,김문영,이영호,고종민,백인열,이인원,Weixian Liu,이석하 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.2

Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), primarily caused by Phomopsis longicolla, is one of the most important seed-borne diseases and causes serious seed yield loss in soybean. This study was performed to evaluate reactions to P. longicolla in Korean soybean major elite cultivars, which were mainly used for parents of genetic mapping populations. The natural incidence of P. longicolla and other seed-borne fungi was determined in the fields at three different locations in South Korea during 2009 - 2010. The significant differences in sensitivity to seed-borne diseases were shown among cultivars. Taekwangkong exhibited the greatest resistance to P. longicolla with average incidence of 0.33% and other seed-borne fungi with average incidence of 6.17%. Moreover, Taekwangkong was free of P. longicolla infection both in Milyang and in Daegu. To confirm the effective resistance source, the Korean virulent strain of P. longicolla, SSLP-3, was inoculated artificially on soybean of R4-R7 growth stage in the greenhouse. Taekwangkong exhibited a higher level of resistance to P. longicolla with significantly lower incidence (8.67%) than any other Korean elite cultivars (78.0 -99.33%) and the previously reported resistant PI genotypes (35.0 - 55.67%). Further verification of resistance in Taekwangkong to P. longicolla by testing germination vigor of healthy seeds in vitro showed a higher germination rate than those of the susceptible cultivars. It could be suggested that Taekwangkong is a newly identified resistance source and the better source of resistance to P. longicolla to develop breeding populations for exploiting resistance gene(s) in further studies.

Soybean cultivars screening for resistance to Phomopsis seed decay in Korea

Suli Sun,Kyujung Van,Moon Young Kim,Yeong-Ho Lee,Ahra Bae,Hyun Ju Jang,Suk-Ha Lee 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), primarily caused by Phomopsis longicolla, is a major contributor to poor soybean seed quality and significant yield loss, particularly in early maturing soybean genotypes. However, it is not yet known whether PSD resistance is associated with early maturity. This study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to PSD and maturity time using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the PSD-resistant Taekwangkong and the PSD-susceptible SS2-2. Based on a genetic linkage map incorporating 117 simple sequence repeat markers, QTL analysis revealed two and three QTLs conferring PSD resistance and maturity time, respectively, in the RIL population. Two QTLs (PSD-6-1 and PSD-10-2) for PSD resistance were identified in the intervals of Satt100-Satt460 and Sat_038-Satt243 on chromosomes (Chrs) 6 and 10, respectively. These QTLs do not overlap with any previously reported loci for PSD resistance in other soybean genotypes. Two QTLs explained phenotypic variances in PSD resistance of 46.3% and 14.1%, respectively. Among three QTLs for maturity time, two (Mat-6-2 and Mat-10-3) were located at positions similar to the PSD resistance QTLs. The identification of the QTLs linked to both PSD resistance and maturity time indicates a biological correlation between these two traits. The newly identified QTLs for resistance to PSD associated with maturity time in Taekwangkong will help improve soybean resistance to P. longicolla.

Stem Rot on Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HGI in China

Suli Sun,Changjian Xia,Jiqing Zhang,Canxing Duan,Xiaoming Wang,Xiaofei Wu,이석하,Zhendong Zhu 한국식물병리학회 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.1

During late August and early September 2011, stem rotsymptoms were observed on adzuki bean plants (Vignaangularis) growing in fields located in Beijing and HebeiProvince, China, respectively. In this study, four isolateswere obtained from infected stems of adzuki beanplants. Based on their morphology, and sequence andpolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengthpolymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analyses of the ribosomalDNA internal transcribed spacers (rDNA-ITS) region,the four isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solaniin anastomosis group (AG) 4 HGI. Pathogenicity testsshowed that all isolates were strongly pathogenic to adzukibean and resulted in serious wilt symptoms whichwas similar to observations in the fields. Additionally,the isolates infected several other crops and inducedrelated rot on the roots and basal stems. To our knowledge,this is the first report of Rhizoctonia solani AG 4HGI causing stem rot on adzuki bean.

Evaluation of Soybean Cultivars for Resistance to Phomopsis Seed Decay in Korea

Sun, Suli,Van, Kyu-Jung,Kim, Moon-Young,Lee, Yeong-Ho,Ko, Jong-Min,Baek, In-Youl,Lee, Yin-Won,Liu, Weixian,Lee, Suk-Ha 한국작물학회 2012 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.15 No.2

Phomopsis seed decay (PSD), primarily caused by Phomopsis longicolla, is one of the most important seed-borne diseases and causes serious seed yield loss in soybean. This study was performed to evaluate reactions to P. longicolla in Korean soybean major elite cultivars, which were mainly used for parents of genetic mapping populations. The natural incidence of P. longicolla and other seed-borne fungi was determined in the fields at three different locations in South Korea during 2009 - 2010. The significant differences in sensitivity to seed-borne diseases were shown among cultivars. Taekwangkong exhibited the greatest resistance to P. longicolla with average incidence of 0.33% and other seed-borne fungi with average incidence of 6.17%. Moreover, Taekwangkong was free of P. longicolla infection both in Milyang and in Daegu. To confirm the effective resistance source, the Korean virulent strain of P. longicolla, SSLP-3, was inoculated artificially on soybean of R4-R7 growth stage in the greenhouse. Taekwangkong exhibited a higher level of resistance to P. longicolla with significantly lower incidence (8.67%) than any other Korean elite cultivars (78.0 - 99.33%) and the previously reported resistant PI genotypes (35.0 - 55.67%). Further verification of resistance in Taekwangkong to P. longicolla by testing germination vigor of healthy seeds in vitro showed a higher germination rate than those of the susceptible cultivars. It could be suggested that Taekwangkong is a newly identified resistance source and the better source of resistance to P. longicolla to develop breeding populations for exploiting resistance gene(s) in further studies.

Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora, a Causal Agent for Both Stem Canker and Seed Decay on Soybean

Suli Sun,반규정,김문영,민경훈,이석하,이인원 한국식물병리학회 2012 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.28 No.1

Northern stem canker caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora (Dpc) has become a serious disease in soybean. The objectives of this study were to survey the existence of Dpc on soybean in Korea, and to examine the potential pathogenicity of Dpc in seed decay. One such isolate, SSLP-4, isolated from a field-grown plant of the Korean soybean cultivar Danbaekkong, was identified as Dpc, based on its morphological and molecular characteristics by sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor (TEF) 1-αand β-tubulin regions, as well as pathogenic analyses. Moreover, morphological and molecular analyses revealed that isolate SSLP-4 was nearly identical to Dpc strains from the United States. Pathogenicity tests on hypocotyls of soybean seedlings and detached leaves resulted in typical symptoms of soybean northern stem canker and inoculation on plants at R5-R7 stage caused seed decay. All results suggest that the Dpc strain SSLP-4 can cause both stem canker and seed decay on soybean. Thus, the SSLP-4 isolate has the potential to contribute greatly to understanding of host plant resistance mechanisms, both at vegetative and reproductive growth stages in soybean.

QTLs for resistance to Phomopsis seed decay are associated with days to maturity in soybean (Glycine max)

Sun, Suli,Kim, Moon Young,Van, Kyujung,Lee, Yin-Won,Li, Baodu,Lee, Suk-Ha Springer-Verlag 2013 TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretisch Vol.126 No.8

Stem Rot on Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis) Caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HGI in China

Sun, Suli,Xia, Changjian,Zhang, Jiqing,Duan, Canxing,Wang, Xiaoming,Wu, Xiaofei,Lee, Suk-Ha,Zhu, Zhendong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.1

During late August and early September 2011, stem rot symptoms were observed on adzuki bean plants (Vigna angularis) growing in fields located in Beijing and Hebei Province, China, respectively. In this study, four isolates were obtained from infected stems of adzuki bean plants. Based on their morphology, and sequence and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analyses of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (rDNA-ITS) region, the four isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani in anastomosis group (AG) 4 HGI. Pathogenicity tests showed that all isolates were strongly pathogenic to adzuki bean and resulted in serious wilt symptoms which was similar to observations in the fields. Additionally, the isolates infected several other crops and induced related rot on the roots and basal stems. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HGI causing stem rot on adzuki bean.

Identification of Population-Specific QTLs for Flowering in Soybean

Weixian Liu,김문영,반규정,Suli Sun,이석하 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Flowering is an important stage in plant development and crucial for adaptation of plant species to different environments. Two soybean mapping populations were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to flowering (DF) and days to maturity (DM) by genotyping simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Single-factor analysis of variance detected association of phenotypic data with SSR markers in each population. DF QTLs were identified on four chromosomes (chrs.); two QTLs located on chrs. 2 and 13 with Satt041 and Satt206 in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and other two DF QTLs were detected on chrs. 6 and 19 with Satt100 and Satt373 in the Iksannamulkong x SS2-2 population. The major QTLs associated with Satt100 explained 30.3% of maximum phenotypic variation. Especially, all DF QTLs included QTLs for DM, except Satt206 on chr. 13. Moreover, two additional DM QTLs were mapped on chrs. 10 and 11 with Satt243 and Satt359, respectively. DF QTL on chr. 2 with Satt041 was the newly identified QTL only in the Jinpumkong 2 x SS2-2 population and explained 10.3% of the phenotypic variation. The single locus of Satt100 on chr. 6 and Satt373 on chr. 19 were located on soybean genomic regions of the known flowering gene loci E1 and E3,respectively. These population-specific QTLs (Satt100 and Satt373) are the major QTLs for flowering time, putatively, they may be related to maturity QTLs with large effect. Additionally, these QTLs are valuable for marker-assisted approaches and could be widely adopted by soybean breeders.

Dynamic simulation based fault detection and diagnosis for distillation column

Wende Tian,Qingjie Guo,Suli Sun 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.1

The model-based fault diagnosis approach is characterized by a powerful process supervision capability with a priori knowledge about the system under consideration. Nevertheless, system complexity, high dimensionality,process nonlinearity and/or lack of good data often hamper its application in chemical engineering systems. A nonsteady state model based fault detection and diagnosis method for the distillation process was developed, using dynamic simulation to monitor the distillation process and identify abnormal sources when large deviations among measuring variables occur. It continuously updates the inner distillation parameters via on-line correction and predicts the trend of measuring variables and determines the existence of malfunctions simultaneously. The distillation model is dependent on transfer equilibrium, mass and heat balance, and is simulated by Euler and two-tier approach. This method was demonstrated with simulated data of a stripping tower collected from the Tennessee Eastman chemical plant simulator.