"요구하기" 사회적 언어중재가 언어장애 유아의 사회적 언어 자발 표현에 미치는 효과

황보명,강수균 한국언어치료학회 1997 言語治療硏究 Vol.6 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate how Social Language Intervention affect the spontaneous social language of language disordered children in the language tharapy room. For this purpose, three preschool children with language disorder were selected in the integrated preschool and nonintegrated preschool settings. Social Language Intervention of this study was limited to 'Request' among the categories of the pragmatic funtion of the social language. Using multiple baseline design accross subjects, the frequency of the spontaneou s 'Reguest' in response to the examiner's mand was measured. The frequency of the spontaneous 'Request' during free-play in the integrated and nonintegrated preschool settings was analyzed to see generalization of newly acquired social language. The results obtained from the present study are as follows: Firstly, the frequency of the spontaneous social language was increased through Social Language Intervention for children both in integrated and nonintegrated set tings. However, the generalization effect occurred significantly more often in children treated in the integrated setting. Secondly, Social Language Intervention increased the frequency of the spontaneous speech in 'Suggestion' and 'Action Request' among the subcategories of ' Request.' The other subcategories(i.e., 'Question' and 'Approval Request') stayed almost the same. In addition, children treated in the integrated setting showed better improvement in terms of frequency of spontaneous 'Suggestion' and 'Action Request.' Thirdly, Social Language Intervention increased the frequency of the spontaneou s 'Assertion' social language in children treated in the integrated setting than nonintegrated setting. Finally, Social Language Intervention increased the frequency of the spontaneou s 'Response' in children treated in the integrated setting than nonintegrated setting.

싸이토키닌류 처리가 콩나물 생육에 미치는 영향

황수정,이정명 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.22 No.-

소비자의 요구에 적합한 콩나물, 즉 머리부분(子葉)이 작고 하배축이 굵으며 길이가 짧고 뿌리가 없는 콩나물로 재배하기 위하여 시중에서 가장 보편적으로 이용되는 '준저리'를 이용하여 다양한 싸이토키닌류의 처리방법과 그 효과를 비교 분석하여 BA보다 더 안정되고 콩나물에 처리효과가 좋은 화학물질을 개발하여 콩나물의 안정재배와 품질향상에 기여코자 실시하였다. 우선 Benzyladenine(BA)과 Indole-B(BA와 Indoleacetic acid 혼합제)처리는 무처리에 비해 하배축 신장과 세근발생을 억제하고, 하배축경의 비대를 촉진였으며 처리효과는 저농도보다 고농도에서 현저하였다. 그리고 공시 처리조건 하에서는 처리시각에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았고 침지처리 보다는 spray 처리에서 약해발생정도가 낮았다. 또한 기존의 인돌비 약제에 비교하여 BA 단제처리만으로도 현저한 약해유발 없이 하배축의 신장 및 직경비대 촉진과 세근발생 억제효과를 보였다. 그리고 여러 가지 싸이토키닌 처리효과를 보면 싸이토키닌류중 단제만의 비교에서는 BA, BA riboside, 4 CPPU 처리는 하배축 신장억제와 비대촉진, 세근발생억제에 효과적이었으나 그 외 싸이토키닌처리는 전혀 효과를 보이지 않았다. 효과적이었던 단제 중 BA riboside 처리가 BA 처리보다 하배축 비대율이 높았으며, 약해발생 정도는 낮았다. 특히 Thidiazuron(TDZ) 처리는 BA, BA riboside, 4 CPPU 처리와 비교하여 같은 농도에서 동등 이상의 효과를 지속적으로 보였으나 심한 약해를 유발하였다. 또한 고농도에서 저농도보다 그 효과가 우수하였으나 저농도라 할지라도 약해가 나타났다. 그리고 BA와 BA-riboside 처리는 하배축신장과 세근억제효과를 보였으며, 고농도에서 그 효과가 현저하였다. 동일 농도로 처리하였을 경우, BA-riboside 처리가 BA 처리보다 그 효과가 현저하였으며 머리(子葉)가 돌아가거나 뿌리끝이 갈변하는 약해현상을 감소시키는데 효과적이었다. Among the cytokinins tested, BA, BA-riboside (BAR), and 4 CPPU treatments were effective in suppressing excessive hypocotyl elongation and increasing hypocotyl swelling as compared to the control. Little or no lateral roots were formed in bean sprouts treated with these cytokinins. Treatment of benzyladenine (BA) and Indole-B. a commerical mixture of BA and indoleacetic acid (IAA), promoted hypocotyl swelling and reduced hypocotyl elongation and lateral root formation as compared to the control in 'Joonjuri' soybean. However, BA treatment alone could also effectively control the sprout growth and reduce phytotoxicity symptoms such as browning of root tip. short hypocotyl. and twisted cotyledons as compared to those of the control Treatments of BA and BAR significantly suppressed the hypocotyl elongation and lateral root formation, especially at high concentration When compared at the same concentration. BAR was more effective than BA and the phytotoxicity symptoms such as twisted heads and root tip browning were also low in BAR-treated sprouts Treatment of BAR not only controlled HD/HL (hypocotyl diameter/hypocotyl length) ratio and hypocotyl elongation. but a so reduced the phytotoxicity symptoms as compared to BA treatment Thidiazuron (TDZ) treatment was, in general, more effective than BA, BAR, or 4-CPPU treatment. but it caused severe phytotoxicity symptoms even at low concentration. Other cytokinins, such as kinetin, kinetin-riboside, 2ip, and 2ip-riboside. had little or no influence on the sprout growth as compared to the control.

美國의 計量經濟史硏究

黃明水 단국대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

The purpose of this article is to present criticism, evaluation and future problems of the New Economic History in the United States. There are a lot of papers on the American Economic History since around the end of 1950's when the New Economic History was developed in the United States. The approach to the New Economic History has been introduced not only to England, but also to many countries since 1975. However, it has not been introduced to Korea. In this paper, I will point out the future problems in the New Economic History. First of all, the violent criticism on the approach to the New Economic History is related to the part of counterfactual hypothesis. In spite of the earnest explanation of the hypothesis by the new economic historians, some of the old economic historians do not acknowledge it at all. Therefore, the new econonmic historians should try to persuade them continuously with higher achievements of their studies. Secondly, it will be desirable to study the New Economic History jointly with economists or statisticians who know the approach to the New Economic History, and with historians who know well the historical facts. Thirdly, it will be desirable to find out the middle way between the old historians and the new economic historians in order to solve the conflicts and suspicions among them. The following topics are covered in this paper: Ⅰ, Preference Ⅱ, The emergence and development of the New Economic History Ⅲ, The re-evaluation the economic history based on the New Economic History Ⅳ, The criticism on the New Economic History Ⅴ, The evaluation and future problems of the New Economic History Ⅵ, Conclusion

英美의 産業革命과 Max Weber의 企業家精神

黃明水 단국대학교 상경대학 1969 商學論叢 Vol.8 No.-

품종 및 싸이토키닌류 처리가 콩나물의 품질에 미치는 효과

황수정,이정명 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.22 No.-

우리나라에서 가장 많이 식용되는 싹기름 채소인 콩나물을 소비자의 요구에 적합한 콩나물, 즉 자엽부분[子葉]이 작고 하배축이 굵으며 길이가 짧고 뿌리가 없는 콩나물로 재배하기 위하여 시중에서 가장 보편적으로 이용되는 5가지 품종을 수집하여 품종간의 특성비교를 함과 동시에 다양한 품종 및 싸이토키닌류의 처리에 대한 종합적인 결과를 얻고자 실시하였다. BA 단독처리시 품종에 따른 콩나물 생장반응을 보면 '쥐눈이'>'Cowpea'>'준저리'>'흑태' >'Longbean'의 순으로 민감하게 반응하였다. 모두 하배축 신장억제와 비대촉진, 세근발생 억제에 효과적이었으나 품종에 따라서 BA 반응에 정도의 차이는 있었다. 처리방법에 따라서는 spray처리시 약해가 감소하였으나 처리시간에 따른 효과는 거의 나타나지 않았다. '준저리'와 'Longbean' 두 품종에서의 BA, BA riboside, TDZ 처리농도별 효과를 보면 전체적 생장은 다른 실험에서와 마찬가지로 '준저리'가 'Longbean'에 비하여 모든 처리에 대하여 민감한 반응을 보였으나 하배축 비대율에 있어서는 품종간에 현저한 반응차는 보이지 않았다. 두 품종에서 BA와 BA riboside 0.05 (mM 처리시 약해가 거의 발생하지 않았고 세근도 약간만 발생하였으나 TDZ 처리시에는 0.05 mM인 저농도라 할지라도 세근발생을 완벽히 억제하였으나 약해는 현저히 증가하였다 싸이토키전 처리시 그 반응이 다르게 나타났고 재배온도에 의해서도 영향을 받았다. Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of cytokinins on five bean cultivars widely used for bean sprout production to develop more reliable means of controlling sprout growth for securing high quality sprouts. The responses of soybean cultivars to BA treatment were as follows, 'Jumuni' > 'Cowpea' > Joonjuri > Heuktae > Longbean. All the tested cultivars showed reduced hypocotyl elongation and fewer lateral roots with BA treatment. Spray treatment could significantly reduce the phytotoxicity symptoms appearing on sprouts as compared to the usual dip-and-nux treatment. When only two most popular cultivars were compared, Joonjuri was more sensitive to cytokinin treatment as compared to 'Long-bean' in most of the sprout characteristics examined. As compared to the BA and BAR, TDZ treatment completely suppressed the lateral root formation even at the lowest concentration tested. However, severe phytotoxicity symptoms were shown in the sprouts treated with the lowest concentration of TDZ. The growth response of sprout to cytokinin concentrations and bean cultivars was significantly different.

도시특성을 고려한 교통유발계수 산정에 관한 연구 : 대전시를 중심으로 In the City of Daejeon

김명수,전찬용,황현종 한밭대학교 2004 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.21 No.-

The biggest problem in urban transport is congestion. The purpose of this study is to understand "Electronic Road Pricing System, which is one of the traffic demand control plan for relieving such a traffic congestion, and look for the plans to improve it. For this, traffic inducement coefficient was selected, which shows the regional characteristic of Daejeon through investigation on each facility. As one can see from the investigated inducement coefficient, the same type of facilities show different characteristics. Also, it is thought that per unit burden charge that has been maintained for over 20 years should be raised relevantly in consideration to inflation. Also, it is thought that several ways have to be sought for the facility owners' active participation in the traffic volume reduction program. Studies like this research would bring the following items as their effect; Relieve traffic congestion(partly) and reduce the passage time. Personal benefits following fuel cost etc. Socio-economic effect following logistics cost and environmental pollutants etc.

超高溫處理에 의한 牛乳의 微生物 및 化學的 變化에 관한 硏究

남명수,황인규,이수원 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.42 No.2

This study was carried out to examine the optimum pasteurization condition for korean raw milk by using UHT procedure of 100∼145℃. The changes in chemical composition, microbiological aspects and keeping quality of the heat treated milk are summarized as follows : 1. In UHT milk pasteurized at 100∼145℃, the pH value decreased from 6.55 to 6.33 but protein, fat, lactose and ash did not shown significant changes, Casein nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen increased but non-casein nitrogen and filterable nitrogen decreased. 2. Calcium content decreased gradually from 119.8mg/100g to 0.82mg/100ml while artificial digestibility increased from 14.07% to 26.0%. 3. As the heat treatment increased, microorganism decreased to 0.5 x 10/ml at 130℃ and were not detected above 135℃-coliforms and psychrophiles from 100℃, thermoduric bacteria, thermophiles, mould and yeast from 125∼130℃. Heat treatment above 135℃ was shown 100% sterilization effect.

모 축전지 회사 근로자들의 연폭로 지표에 대한 경시적 관찰

강명식,김용배,이용진,리갑수,김화성,황규윤,장봉기,이성수,안규동,이병국 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1998 순천향산업의학 Vol.4 No.1

Lead poisoning is still prevalent and one of important occupational disease in Korea. To prevent undue high lead burden and maintain good health condition of lead workers in lead using industries, periodic health examination and regular biological monitoring of lead workers are often required in addition to the fundamental improvement of their working condition. To evaluate the effect of comprehensive occupational health program with regular biological monitoring on the level of lead exposure of lead workers in lead using industries, 11 year database from 1983 to 1994 of one storage battery factory was reviewed. From 1983 to end of 1986 only periodic health examination was provided to the lead workers, but from 1987 comprehensive occupational health program with regular biological monitoring was provided to maintain better health condition of lead workers. Selected study variables for lead exposure were blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin in blood(ZPP), δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine(ALAU), hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit(HCT). Information on sex, age and work duration was also reviewed. 5 years data from 1983 to 1987 and 3 years data from 1990, 1993 and 1994 were available for all lead exposure indices except ALAU which has only 5 years data from 1983 to 1997. The results of 11 years longitudinal observation of lead indices are all follows: 1. The mean value of ZPP of lead workers in 1983 was 148.7±73.1 ㎍/㎗(Male: 145.5±72.3, Female: 168.1±79.1), whereas that of ZPP of lead workers in 1994 was decreased to 64.3±32.7 ㎍/㎗(Male: 60.2±28.8, Female: 95.2±43.4). 2. The mean value of PbB of lead workers in 1983 was 56.4±18.8 ㎍/㎗(Male: 55.59±19.1, Female: 59.6±19.1), whereas that of PbB of lead workers in 1994 was dcreased to 35.4±11.9 ㎍/㎗(Male: 35.7±12.0, Female: 32.8±10.8). 3. The mean value of Hb of lead workers in 1983 was 14.1±1.4 g/㎗(Male: 14.4±1.1, Female: 11.7±0.8), whereas that of Hb of lead workers in 1994 was increased to 15.6±1.5 g/㎗(Male: 15.9±1.2, Female: 12.9±1.1). 4. Blood lead is most highly correlated with ZPP(r=0.522, male:0.54 and female:0.50) and also correlated with ALAU and work duration also. 5. The simple regression analysis of PbB and ZPP showed different coefficient of regression by the measurement year, but there was no difference of coefficient of regression between sex. The slope of equation of pooled data for 1983-1986 without comprehensive occupational health program was 2.16 and differed from that of pooled data for 1987-1994(1.25). This difference suggests that the unit effect of blood lead on ZPP was relatively smaller in later period of comprehensive occupational health program than carly period without comprehensive program. The slope change in the analysis of linear regression of PbB on ZPP in lead workers can be used to evaluate the possible effect of health intervention to prevent undue high lead absorption in lead using industries. 6. 11 years occupational health service in this storage battery factory brought out considerable improvement of health status of lead workers in terms of decrease of PbB and ZPP and increase of Hb and the improvement was more remarkable after the introduction of comprehensive occupational health program.

農漁村地域 定住生活圈 區分設定 : 全南 高興郡地域 事例硏究 A Case Study in Koheung County, Chonnam Province

崔洙明,黃漢喆 全南大學校 農漁村開發硏究所 1988 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.23 No.-

This study was carried out to try a methodological approach in planning of rural settlement hierarchy as a study in Koeung County. The propose method is consisted of three sub-steps: step Ⅰ analysis on the print hierarchical settlement patterns, step Ⅱ,analysis and estimation of settlement conditions in future, and step Ⅲ, design of rural settlement hierarchy in county level. In step I, theoretical division of the influential boundary of county-center using the radius of 16Km, analysis of market-use patterns and catchment area of middle schools were tried as analysis tools. Step Ⅱ, change-ability of settlement environment was detected by checking of planning view to county development in higher-rank plans just as provincial or national plans and by estimating the linkage patterns to higher-order center. The major results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The settlement hierarchy of Koheung County has 4-order system: villege-lower order center (Myun)-low order center(Myun or Eup)-county center(Eup, the seat of county office). It is coincident with the current administrative hierarchy and the hypothetical settlement system propose in this study. 2. According to results of detailed survey, life-zones of Daesuh-, Donggang-, Bongrae, Myuns were divided into two or three parts with their higher order center being neighbouring towns in other county or cities. Koheung-Eup, Doyang-Eup and Kwayeog-Myun make central function fully to the neighbouring Myun-class areas. 3. There are four spheres of daily life in Koheung County : Beolgyo (Beoseong Country) Kwayeog, Koheung and Doyang zones, In future, because Kwayeog zones is estimated to be merged into Koheung zone, the area will be divided into three life zones. 4. Different from typical settlement patterns in rural counties, the highest center in Koheung County (Koheung-Eup) can not converge the total potentiality of subareas. The centers of other three life zones are not connected to Koheung-Eup as higher order center in living activities, but directly to Kwangju City which is the regional center of Chonnam Province respectively, So, there are some unsolved problems in harmonizing the centripetal forces for maximization of developmental potentialities in closed concept with the centrifugal forces for maximization of life convenience in open concept. 5. The methodologies proposed may be applied to the settlement planning in other rural counties having similar settlement condition as Koheung. However, as this study is only a trial to methodological approach in settlement planning, precies methods fer analysis and design works should be developed and studied continuously because planning of settlement system is very crucial to the life of residents living in rural counties.

개의 흉추 및 요추에서 배측 추궁절제술 1례

김명철,이재일,이수진,김종만,황학균,서지민,이영원,김덕환,신상태 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2000 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

In dorsal laminectomy for the surgical treatment of thoracolumbar disc disease in dog, the bur could slip into the vertebral canal. For the decrease of this probability of danger, osteotome was used with instruments such as bur and rongeur in dorsal laminectomy. At thoracic vertebrae (T10-T11) and lumbar vertebrae (L5-L6) area, dorsal laminectomys were performed in a dog. In observation for 3 months after surgery, the dog revealed healthy physical condition. For the confirmation of healing condition at 3 months after dorsal laminectomy, two surgical sites were exposed by incision. Excellent healing response was observed with no adhesion and fibrosis in the vertebral canal.