복합시술 모발의 자외선 보호처리에 따른 손상도와 색상 변화

라채숙ㆍ권수애ㆍ이옥규(hae Suk LaㆍSoo Ae KweonㆍOk Kyu Lee) 한국인체미용예술학회 2016 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study aimed to determine the effects of UV-blocking by the type of UV care agent for complex-treated hair. For this, healthy women’s hair was permed, bleached and dyed, and a Polypeptide Protein Treatment and hair sunscreen agent were applied. After that, changes in the degree of wave formation, hair surface conditions, physical properties of the hair and hair hue were examined by irradiating UVB rays. The analysis results were found as follows: In terms of the degree of wave formation, no difference was observed among UV care agents. In terms of hair surface scale, hair damage was lower when the hair was coated twice as opposed to being coated once regardless of the type of the UV care agent and treatment method. In addition, tensile strength, elongation rate and resilience rate were superior in the hair recoated with the hair sunscreen agent. In contrast, no significant difference was observed among the UV care agents in terms of damage rates. Lightness and reflected light were also high in the hair recoated with the hair sunscreen agent. In addition, the a* value, reflection and dominant wavelength were the highest in the hair with post-treatment coating for the skin while b* value, reflection and degree of irritation was the highest in the hair with post-treatment coating for hair. The said results can be summarized as follows: The UV care agent revealed effective UV-blocking effects by maintaining the wave formation and preventing hair damage. When UV rays were irradiated, the hair for post-treatment product was the most efficient in maintaining hair color.

Can Auxiliary is Be Always Contracted to's?

Soo-Ok Kweon 영미어문학회 2001 영미어문학연구 Vol.17 No.2

Locative PPs in L2 English Argument Structure Acquisition

Kweon, Soo-Ok The Korean Association for the Study of English La 2002 영어학 Vol.2 No.1

In this paper, a persistent L1 influence on L2 argument structure acquisition is observed in terms of complement and adjunct PPs. Since the distinction between these two PPs in L1 seems not as sharp as in L2, overgeneralization is anticipated in the L2 acquisition due to L1 transfer. Result of an experimental study shows that Korean learners of English do not successfully acquire L2 verb meanings as to which locative PP is obligatory and which is not. Generally, learners transfer the L1 properties when asked to judge grammaticality. Some possible source of constraints in L2 acquisition, such as input frequency and noticing ability is proposed as possible explanations of data. Finally, pedagogical implications in language classroom for vocabulary acquisition are discussed.

Investigating Conceptual Mediation in L2 Vocabulary Acquisition Using False Memories

Soo-Ok Kweon 한국응용언어학회 2012 응용 언어학 Vol.28 No.2

This study examines the process of associating an English word with a concept by two proficiency groups of Korean (L1) learners of English (L2) in the framework of a well-known developmental model of the lexicon, the Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) (Kroll & Stewart, 1994). The technique used in the present study in testing the RHM and its assumption regarding the structure of L2 lexicon was the false memory paradigm. False memory occurs when a learner recalls a word that was not presented in a list of words. Results from 104 Korean learners of English of recall test and recognition test using lists of words showed that individuals are more susceptible to false memories in their L1 than in their L2 and that more proficient L2 learners exhibit more false memories both in their L1 and in their L2 than do less proficient learners. The results of the recognition test were similar to those of recall test. The theoretical and pedagogical implications of these findings will be discussed in terms of L2 mental lexicon and vocabulary teaching and learning in the classroom.

Resolving PP Attachment Ambiguity in Lexically-Biased Constructions in L2 Sentence Processing

Soo-Ok Kweon 한국응용언어학회 2009 응용 언어학 Vol.25 No.2

This study investigates the processing of sentences that contain locally ambiguous prepositional phrases (PP) in the VP-NP-PP construction, in which the PP can ambiguously be attached to either the VP or the NP. The subcategorization information of verbs was manipulated by using ditransitive verbs (two complements-DT), and transitive verbs (one complement-TR). While phrase-structure processing model predicts VP-attachment preference in both DT and TR constructions, lexical processing model predicts VP-attachment preference in DT, but NP-attachment preference in TR. L2-specific recency strategy predicts NP-attachment preference in both constructions. Self-reading time experiemtn with Korean learners of English showed that VP-attachment was preferred over NP-attachment in both constructions, but the difference was significant only in the DT construction, not in the TR construction. This suggests that L2 learners are generally influenced by the phrase-structure based parsing model, but they are not sensitive enough to the lexical constraints. No support for recency was observed. The prominent role of structural processing strategy by L2 learners for locally ambiguous syntactic structures is discussed.

The Acquisition of Contraction Constraint by High-proficiency Learners of English

Soo-Ok Kweon(권수옥) 신영어영문학회 2001 신영어영문학회 학술발표회 자료집 Vol.2001 No.1

The Relationship between Language and Thought in Motion Event Cognition in Second Language Acquisition

Soo-Ok Kweon 서울대학교 언어교육원 2019 語學硏究 Vol.55 No.3

This study aims to investigate the relationship between language and thought in motion events encoding (linguistic perspective) and the perception (non-linguistic perspective) of Korean learners of English. The purpose is to determine whether L2 learners will shift toward L2-based conceptual representations when they can switch the linguistic behavior of encoding motion from their L1 (Korean) to L2 (English). A verbal description task to test linguistic switch and a similarity rating task to test conceptual change are used with animations that describe motion events. Results show that although the linguistic switch to the L2 canonical type of description occurs, the switch does not result in cognitive restructuring by L2 learners when language is not involved. The results will be discussed with respect to “thinking for speaking” and the linguistic relativity dubbed the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

Avoidance of Phrasal Verbs by Korean EFL Learners

Soo Ok Kweon 현대문법학회 2006 현대문법연구 Vol.44 No.-

Processing Strategies of Relative Clause Attachment in Korean as a Second Language

Soo Ok Kweon 현대문법학회 2015 현대문법연구 Vol.83 No.-

This study investigates whether L2 learners employ similar processing strategies as native speakers when disambiguating attachment of a relative clause (RC) in Korean as a second language (KSL). Different processing strategies were tested with temporarily ambiguous sentences containing RCs when the head NP is a complex NP (NP1 of NP2), in which either NP1 (low attachment, LA) or NP2 (high attachment, HA) can be an antecedent. The RCs were controlled for length (short vs. long) and position-sentence initial (scrambled word order) vs. sentence medial (canonical word order). Native speakers consistently showed a clear HA preference regardless of the length or the position of the RCs, whereas KSL learners showed a clear LA preference. The attachment differences between L1 and L2 are discussed in terms of transfer and prosodic sensitivity.

Processing Null and Overt Pronoun Subject at Different Proficiency Levels in Korean as a Second Language

Soo Ok Kweon 한국외국어교육학회 2012 Foreign languages education Vol.19 No.1

This study compares how native Korean speakers and English learners of L2 Korean interpret null and overt subject pronouns in complex Korean sentences consisting of a main clause and a subordinate clause. It aims to examine the extent to which the mechanisms that underlie L2 processing differ from those in L1 processing and further to test whether increasing proficiency of L2 learners affects their preferences for antecedents. Two groups of English L1 learners of L2 Korean (20 beginners, and 16 advanced learners and % Korean native speakers participated in a questionnaire survey, which contained four conditions of anaphora (forward/backward anaphora (FIB); null/overt pronoun (N/O)). Results showed that in the forward anaphora with null pronoun (FN) condition, the three groups did not differ significantly in their choice of antecedents. In the FO and BO conditions, beginners were different from the advanced learners and native speakers. In the BN condition, both learner groups were different from the native speakers. 'This suggests that L1-L2 similarities can facilitate processing, whereas L1-L2 differences can cause processing difficulties for L2 learners. Finally, the behavior pattern of the advanced learners in the present study was generally similar to that of native speakers, but different in some conditions.