신부전이 동반된 당뇨병 환자에서 발생된 침습성 모균증 : 수술과 Liposomal amphotericin B 및 GM-CSF 병합 요법에 의한 성공적인 치험 1예

이원영,오기원,임국희,장재혁,이동건,최정현,강무일,신완식,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.4

저자들은 신부전이 동반된 당뇨병 환자에서 발생된 부비동형 모균증에 대하여 수술과 함께 liposomal amphotericin B 및 GM-CSF의 복합치료를 하여 성공적으로 치료한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) primarily affects diabetic or immunocompromised patients and typically progresses rapidly, necessitating surgical excision and antifungal therapy with amphotericin B. Large doses of amphotericin B are needed for cure, but it has the risk of causing significant renal toxicity. The recent development of liposomal amphotericin B allows antifungal therapy to be administered with potentially improved efficacy and reduced nephrotoxicity. We have experienced a case of paranasal mucormycosis successfully treated with surgery, liposomal amphotericin B and GM-CSF. A 59-year-old male suffering from diabetes mellitus for 6 years was admitted with pain at left maxillary area. He was diagnosed as mucormycosis after cytologic exam on the necrotic nasal mucosa, which showed typical hyphae. He have had diabetic nephropathy with macroproteinuria and had rapidly rising serum creatinine levels with the amphotericin B treatment: creatinine levels reverted to basal level with the use of liposomal amphotericin B. Despite surgical excision and continued antifungal therapy, his infection was not effectively controlled. Therefore, GM-CSF was administered additionally to improve phagocytic activity of leukocytes. He was finally cured after receiving a combination of aggressive surgery, liposomal amphotericin B and GM-CSF. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed clinical description of the treatment of mucormycosis with liposomal amphotericin B in Korea.

〈혜성가〉의 구조적 특성

손동국(Son, Dong-kuk) 서강대학교 인문과학연구소 2013 서강인문논총 Vol.0 No.37

신라시대 시가 작품 〈혜성가〉는 지금까지 주로 주술성에 초점이 맞추어져 논의가 진행되었다. 그리고 이들 논의의 대부분은 설화 텍스트에서 ‘융천사가 혜성가를 지어 부르자 혜성의 변괴가 없어지고 일본의 군대도 되돌아갔다(時天師作歌歌之, 星怪則滅, 日本兵還國)’고 기술된 점을, 〈혜성가〉의 장르적 성격을 결정하는 전제로 삼았다. 그런데 여기에는 다음과 같은 질문이 제기될 수 있다. 첫째, 설화 텍스트에 기술된 내용을 문학 텍스트 해석의 출발점으로 삼아 〈혜성가〉가 주술성을 지닌다고 여기는 판단은 과연 문학적 논의에 따른 판단이라 할 수 있는가. 둘째, 설화 텍스트에 나타난 비사실적 내용(노래를 지어 부르자 혜성과 일본군이 사라진 내용)마저도 〈혜성가〉논의의 근거로 삼는 것이 온당한가라는 질문이 그것이다. 이 글에서는 설화 텍스트의 내용을 합리적 판단을 통해 참고하되, 무엇보다도 〈혜성가〉시 텍스트의 내용을 중점적으로 분석하여, 〈혜성가〉를 주가로 볼 수 있는지의 여부를 고찰하고, 〈혜성가〉의 주술성에 대한 올바른 접근 방식을 논의했다. 그 결과 〈혜성가〉에서 드러나는 화자의 사고방식은 비합리적이고 주술적인 면모와는 거리가 멀다고 생각된다. 즉 설화 텍스트의 내용이 주술적 기능을 지시하지만, 정작 〈혜성가〉의 내적 의미 구조에는 주술성이 강하게 드러난다고 볼 수 없는 셈이다. 〈혜성가〉의 주술성은 내적 의미 층위가 아니라 연행 층위에서 집중적으로 고찰이 가능할 것이라 생각되는데, 이에 대해서는 구체적인 후속 논의가 필요해 보인다. Hyeseongga, a traditional poetry from the Silla dynasty, has been mostly discussed focusing on its shamanistic aspects. The part of the text as below was the basic premise of ainstream’s argument of the discussion which decided the nature of genre for Hyeseongga:As Hyeseongga was song which is written by Yungcheonsa, an extraordinary disaster of Hyeseong was disappeared and Japanese troop was also withdrawn. However, should some questions be raised as below:first, if the judgment could be said as a decision based on literary discussion which says Hyeseongga is shamanic since the text of the tale has shamanistic character?; second, if the discussion can be grounded on the unrealistic context of the tale, saying both Hyeseong and Japanese troop were disappeared as Hyeseongga was song? This paper emphasizes to analyze the text of the poetry, Hyeseongga, and studies if Hyeseongga can be regarded as the incantation. It also discuss a proper method to study the shamanistic character of Hyeseongga refer to the text of the tale though reasonable judgment. Therefore, the speaker of Hyeseongga seemed rather logical than irrational and shamanistic. The narrator strongly showed strong will to set listeners at ease on contemporary situation and tried to encourage people to overcome the difficulties as he or she showed positive perspective. On the other words, it could be said that the text of the tale has shamanistic function, however, there is little shamanistic character in the inner meaning structure of Hyeseongga. The shamanism in Hyeseongga would be mainly studied rather at performance level than at meaning level. A concrete following discussion on this topic would be requested.

Effects of Deep Cervical Flexor Exercise with Visual Guide on Muscle Activity and Craniovertebral Angle in Subjects with Forward Head Posture

( Kuk-kyung Son ),( Heon-seock Cynn ),( Ji-hyun Lee ),( Dong-hwan Park ),( Bo-been Kim ) 대한물리의학회 2019 대한물리의학회지 Vol.14 No.2

PURPOSE: Forward head posture (FHP) is a head-on-trunk malalignment that results in musculoskeletal dysfunction and neck pain. To improve forward head posture, both the craniocervical flexion exercise (CCFE) and the visual guide (VG) technique have been used. This study compared the immediate effects of CCFE and VG combined with CCFE on craniovertebral angle (CVA), as well as on the activity of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and anterior scalene (AS) muscles during CCFE in subjects with FHP. METHODS: In total, 16 subjects (nine males, seven females) with FHP were recruited using the G-power software. Each subject conducted CCFE and CCFE combined with VG in random order. The CVA was recorded using a digital camera and the ImageJ image analysis software. The EMG data of SCM and AS were measured by surface electromyography. A paired T-test was used to assess differences between the effects of the CCFE and VG combined with CCFE interventions in the same group. RESULTS: The CVA was significantly greater for CCFE combined with the VG than for CCFE alone (p<.05). The activity of the SCM and AS muscles was also significantly greater when the VG was combined with CCFE than during CCFE alone across all craniocervical flexion exercise phases (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Use of the VG technique combined with CCFE improved FHP in subjects with FHP compared to CCFE alone.

Sunlight-assisted, biocatalytic formate synthesis from CO₂ and water using silicon-based photoelectrochemical cells

Son, Eun Jin,Ko, Jong Wan,Kuk, Su Keun,Choe, Hyunjun,Lee, Sumi,Kim, Jae Hong,Nam, Dong Heon,Ryu, Gyeong Min,Kim, Yong Hwan,Park, Chan Beum The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Chemical communications Vol.52 No.62

<P>We report on a silicon-based photoelectrochemical cell that integrates a formate dehydrogenase from Thiobacillus sp. (TsFDH) to convert CO2 to formate using water as an electron donor under visible light irradiation and an applied bias. Our current study suggests that the deliberate integration of biocatalysis to a light-harvesting platform could provide an opportunity to synthesize valuable chemicals with the use of earth abundant materials and sustainable resources.</P>

Novel Strategy for Deriving Torque and Speed Curve of an Electric Bicycle Traction Motor Using Initial Step Analysis

Son Ji-Chang,Lim Dong-Kuk 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.3

In this paper, an initial step analysis (ISA) method was proposed to reduce the calculation time for deriving the torque and speed (TN) curve of an electric bicycle traction motor. The proposed method is based on fi nite element analysis (FEA) and can be eff ectively used in the conceptual design stage, which is the initial design stage. The process of obtaining the TN curve requires repetitive FEA with many steps, which is time consuming. However, ISA utilizes the FEA results conducted by only one step and can drastically reduce the computational cost. The ISA was applied to derive the TN curve of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for an electric bicycle traction motor. The results had an acceptable error, and the computation time was reduced by 93.44% compared with result of FEA with suffi cient step. To validate the feasibility of the ISA in a practical electric machine, an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for an electric bicycle traction motor is manufactured, and the average torque according to the current phase angle is tested and compared with the ISA results. The ISA shows an error rate of less than 5% compared with test result. Additional validation of the ISA is conducted on two other test models, and the TN curves was successfully derived with error rate of 3.83% and 0.80%, respectively. Moreover, the calculation time was reduced by 90.24% and 86.99%, respectively. The proposed method can be said as eff ective and suitable method for deriving TN curves at the early stage of motor design.

Performance Enhancement of the PMa-SynRM for Electric Bicycle Traction Motor by Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Applied Teeth

Son Ji-Chang,Kim Ji-Yeon,Lim Dong-Kuk 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.6

This paper proposes the method of enhancing the performance of the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM) for electric bicycle propulsion motor by partially applying grain-oriented electrical steel (GO). Contrary with conventionally used non-grain-oriented electrical steel (NO), the GO was partially applied to the stator teeth considering the magnetic anisotropy characteristics of the GO and fl ux path analysis of the target model. The utilization of the GO on the stator teeth enhances the performance of the PMa-SynRM, especially the output torque, effi ciency, and no-load condition iron loss characteristic. Overall analysis is conducted by fi nite element analysis, and the proposed model shows torque increasement of 11.45% and no-load condition iron loss reduction of 10.57%, compared with conventional NO model. Such increasement of the torque and output lead to downsizing of the PMa-SynRM, and stacking length can be 10% reduced. As a result, the improvement on the no-load iron loss, load condition copper loss, and effi ciency of the downsizing model was 19.52%, 8.14% and 1.07%, respectively compared with conventional model.

Conceptual Design Strategy of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Three-Dimensional Static Finite Element Analysis

Son Ji-Chang,Yeo Han-Kyeol,Kim Ji-Yeon,Lee Dong-Hee,Lim Dong-Kuk 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.1

In this paper, three-dimensional (3D) static fnite element analysis (S-FEA) is proposed to perform a conceptual design when the analysis target is 3D permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) models, such as axial fux PMSM or radial fux PMSM with an overhang structure. As the proposed 3D S-FEA excludes the analysis of the other periodic cycles, and conducts the FEA only for the initial rotor position, calculation time could be drastically reduced. The superior performances of the 3D S-FEA were verifed by comparing the calculation time, torque at operating point, and memory usage of analysis result. The 3D S-FEA showed signifcantly reduced calculation time and memory usage, and acceptable analysis accuracy was obtained considering the calculation time reduction. Proposed method is expected to be efciently utilized in the early design stage of the PMSMs requiring 3D FEA.

Large-Scale Soft Colloidal Template Synthesis of 1.4 nm Thick CdSe Nanosheets

Son, Jae Sung,Wen, Xiao-Dong,Joo, Jin,Chae, Jungseok,Baek, Sung-il,Park, Kunsu,Kim, Jeong Hyun,An, Kwangjin,Yu, Jung Ho,Kwon, Soon Gu,Choi, Sang-Hyun,Wang, Zhongwu,Kim, Young-Woon,Kuk, Young,Hoffmann, WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.48 No.37

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Soft as silk: Single-layered (right) and lamellar-structured two-dimensional (2D) CdSe nanocrystals (left) as thin as 1.4 nm can be prepared by a soft colloidal template method. Assembly of the 2D nanocrystals can be controlled by variation of the interaction between organic layers in soft templates. The current synthetic process is relatively easy to scale up, and multigram quantities can be obtained in a single batch. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-37-ANIE200902791-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-37-ANIE200902791-content'> </P>

Optimal Design of Outer-Rotor Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Cogging Torque Reduction Using Territory Particle Swarm Optimization

Dong-Kuk Lim,Jong-Min Ahn,Ji-Chang Son 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.1

In this paper, territory particle swarm optimization (TPSO) is proposed for the optimal design of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) for high altitude long endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The proposed algorithm exploits the concept of a territory to the particle swarm optimization (PSO) to solve the problem that the conventional PSO cannot fi nd the multimodal solutions. Also, by combining the stochastic method, PSO, with the deterministic method, pattern search method, it is possible to fi nd optimal solutions quickly and accurately. The superiority of the proposed algorithm is verifi ed through comparison in the test functions with niching genetic algorithm, which is well known multimodal optimization algorithm. The TPSO is applied to the optimization design of outer-rotor SPM for HALE UAV, and the optimal design with reduced cogging torque has been derived.

Investigation of the Microstructure of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welded Boron Steel

Son, Seungwoo,Lee, Young Ho,Choi, Dong-Won,Cho, Kuk-Rae,Shin, Seung Man,Lee, Youngseog,Kang, Seong-Hoon,Lee, Zonghoon Springer-Verlag 2018 JOM Vol.70 No.8