Direct growth of graphene pad on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride surface

Son, Minhyeok,Lim, Hyunseob,Hong, Misun,Choi, Hee Cheul Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Nanoscale Vol.3 No.8

<P>A direct and metal layer-free growth of flat graphene pads on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride substrate (h-BN) are demonstrated by atmospheric chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process. Round shape with high flatness graphene pads are grown in high yield (∼95%) with a pad thickness of ∼0.5 nm and homogenous diameter.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A direct and metal catalyst-free growth of flat graphene pads on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate is demonstrated. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1nr10504c'> </P>

무의식적 갈등을 놀이에서 공격성으로 표현하는 아동의 정신분석 놀이치료 사례연구

석미선(Misun Suck),손유경(Youkyung Son) 한국기독교상담심리학회 2022 한국기독교상담학회지 Vol.33 No.4

본 연구는 긴장과 불안이 높고, 지나친 통제욕구로 인해 대인관계에서 잦은 갈등이 발생하는 문제로 어려움을 느끼고 있는 아동의 놀이치료 사례 연구이다. 내담 아동은 사랑과 관심을 갈망하며 관계를 맺고자 하는 소망과 대상에게 통제받고 요구 당할지 모른다는 두려움 사이에서 무의식적으로 갈등하고 있었으며, 이 갈등은 아동에게 긴장과 불안을 불러일으키고 있었다. 이것은 생애 초기 생존에 반드시 필요한 대상과의 분리 경험과 양육자로부터의 공감적 돌봄의 결핍이 원인 중 하나가 될 수 있다. 따라서 치료사와 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있는 관계를 형성하고, 충분히 공감적인 자기대상을 새롭게 경험하는 것을 통해 응집력 있는 자기구조를 형성하는 것을 치료 목표로 정신분석놀이치료를 진행하였다. 사례에서는 아동이 무의식적 갈등을 놀이 안에서 공격성의 형태로 반복적으로 드러내며 그 갈등을 해결해가는 과정과 그 과정에서 치료사와 아동이 맺어가는 새로운 대상관계가 어떻게 치료적으로 작용하였는지 정신분석이론을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다. This study is a case study of play therapy for a child with high tension and anxiety, who is suffering from frequent conflicts in interpersonal relationships caused by excessive need for control. The child client had a desire for being loved, receiving attentions and making a relationship. However, he was unconsciously conflicting between the desire and a fear of being controlled and demanded by others, which causes him to have high levels of tension and anxiety. Therefore, a psychoanalytic play therapy was conducted with a treatment goal for the child to form a cohesive self-structure by forming a safe and reliable relationship with the therapist and newly experiencing a sufficiently sympathetic self-object. This case shows a process of resolving the unconscious conflicts repeatedly revealed by the child in an aggressive form in play, and how a new object relationship between the therapist and the child worked therapeutically in the process.

Comparative Study on Charge Variant Test Methods for the Monoclonal Antibody Drug

Aera SON,Hyunju KIM,Young Ki HONG,Gwang Jin AN,Hokyung OH,Jungnam WOO,Soyeong KANG,Joon Ho EOM,Misun PARK 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4

서울시 一部 地域 어린이 安全事故 實態 調査

이미선,엄기두,이은희,이경민,민진영,하태규,손미아,김상섭,백도명,박강원 서울大學校 保健大學院 2001 보건학논집 Vol.38 No.1

OBJECTIVES: This study was done to describe the pattern of childhood injury among general population and examine the risk factors. METHODS: The data were collected from 1870 children aged 5-6 years attending daycare centers in Seoul city. RESULTS: We found that the accident rate of participants aged 5-6 years was 29.9% and male to female accident ratio 1.6: 1. We could confirm that sex significantly associated with injury occurrence(p<0.0001). The mother and kindergarden as being a main protector were significantly associated with lower risk of injury. The injury was higher in summer. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study provide evidence that the presence of certain home hazards is more important in predicting child injury. To tackle the problem of child injuries, a holistic approach is suggested. This includes the pruvision of a safe environment, supervision by parents, education of children and detailed data collection.

Germanium Silicon Alloy Anode Material Capable of Tunable Overpotential by Nanoscale Si Segregation

Kim, Hyungki,Son, Yoonkook,Park, Chibeom,Lee, Min-Joon,Hong, Misun,Kim, Jungah,Lee, Minkyung,Cho, Jaephil,Choi, Hee Cheul American Chemical Society 2015 NANO LETTERS Vol.15 No.6

<P>We developed the novel electrode that enables fine control of overpotential by exploiting surface segregation that is the enrichment of one component at the surface of binary alloy. To realize this approach, we controlled the proportion of Si with low Li diffusivity at the surface by annealing the SiGe nanowire in H<SUB>2</SUB> environment at various temperatures. The resulting SiGe nanowires annealed at 850 °C exhibited high reversible capacity (>1031 mA·h·g<SUP>–1</SUP>), and long cycle life (400 cycles) with high capacity retention (89.0%) at 0.2 C. This superior battery performance is attributed to the remaining unlithiated part acting as support frame to prevent pulverization of anode material, which results from the fine-tuning of overpotential by controlling the degree of Si segregation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2015/nalefd.2015.15.issue-6/acs.nanolett.5b01257/production/images/medium/nl-2015-012577_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl5b01257'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Cryptomonas (Cryptophyceae, Cryptophyta) from Korea

Choi, Bomi,Son, Misun,Kim, Jong Im,Shin, Woongghi The Korean Society of Phycology 2013 ALGAE Vol.28 No.4

The genus Cryptomonas is easily recognized by having two flagella, green brownish color, and a swaying behavior. They have relatively simple morphology, and limited diagnostic characters, which present a major difficulty in differentiating between species of the genus. To understand species delineation and phylogenetic relationships among Cryptomonas species, the nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), partial large subunit (LSU) and small subunit ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and chloroplast-encoded psbA and LSU rDNA sequences were determined and used for phylogenetic analyses, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. In addition, nuclear-encoded ITS2 sequences were predicted to secondary structures, and were used to determine nine species and four unidentified species from 47 strains. Sequences of helix I, II, and IIIb in ITS2 secondary structure were very useful for the identification of Cryptomonas species. However, the helix IV was the most variable region across species in alignment. The phylogenetic tree showed that fourteen species were monophyletic. However, some strains of C. obovata had chloroplasts with pyrenoid while others were without pyrenoid, which used as a key character in few species. Therefore, classification systems depending solely on morphological characters are inadequate, and require the use of molecular data.

Elasticity-based development of functionally enhanced multicellular 3D liver encapsulated in hybrid hydrogel

Lee, Ho-Joon,Son, Myung Jin,Ahn, Jiwon,Oh, Soo Jin,Lee, Mihee,Kim, Ansoon,Jeung, Yun-Ji,Kim, Han-Gyeul,Won, Misun,Lim, Jung Hwa,Kim, Nam-Soon,Jung, Cho-Rock,Chung, Kyung-Sook Elsevier 2017 Acta Biomaterialia: structure-property-function re Vol.64 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Current <I>in vitro</I> liver models provide three-dimensional (3-D) microenvironments in combination with tissue engineering technology and can perform more accurate <I>in vivo</I> mimicry than two-dimensional models. However, a human cell-based, functionally mature liver model is still desired, which would provide an alternative to animal experiments and resolve low-prediction issues on species differences. Here, we prepared hybrid hydrogels of varying elasticity and compared them with a normal liver, to develop a more mature liver model that preserves liver properties <I>in vitro</I>. We encapsulated HepaRG cells, either alone or with supporting cells, in a biodegradable hybrid hydrogel. The elastic modulus of the 3D liver dynamically changed during culture due to the combined effects of prolonged degradation of hydrogel and extracellular matrix formation provided by the supporting cells. As a result, when the elastic modulus of the 3D liver model converges close to that of the <I>in vivo</I> liver (≅ 2.3 to 5.9 kPa), both phenotypic and functional maturation of the 3D liver were realized, while hepatic gene expression, albumin secretion, cytochrome p450-3A4 activity, and drug metabolism were enhanced. Finally, the 3D liver model was expanded to applications with embryonic stem cell-derived hepatocytes and primary human hepatocytes, and it supported prolonged hepatocyte survival and functionality in long-term culture. Our model represents critical progress in developing a biomimetic liver system to simulate liver tissue remodeling, and provides a versatile platform in drug development and disease modeling, ranging from physiology to pathology.</P> <P><B>Statement of Significance</B></P> <P>We provide a functionally improved 3D liver model that recapitulates <I>in vivo</I> liver stiffness. We have experimentally addressed the issues of orchestrated effects of mechanical compliance, controlled matrix formation by stromal cells in conjunction with hepatic differentiation, and functional maturation of hepatocytes in a dynamic 3D microenvironment. Our model represents critical progress in developing a biomimetic liver system to simulate liver tissue remodeling, and provides a versatile platform in drug development and disease modeling, ranging from physiology to pathology. Additionally, recent advances in the stem-cell technologies have made the development of 3D organoid possible, and thus, our study also provides further contribution to the development of physiologically relevant stem-cell-based 3D tissues that provide an elasticity-based predefined biomimetic 3D microenvironment.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

영산강수계 저서성대형무척추동물 군집구조에 관한 연구

임채홍 ( Chaehong Lim ),손미선 ( Misun Son ),조미선 ( Misun Cho ),박종환 ( Jonghwan Park ),류성호 ( Sungho Ru ),김종선 ( Jongsun Kim ),강태구 ( Taegu Kang ) 한국물환경학회 2017 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.-

Copper-Vapor-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition for High-Quality and Metal-Free Single-Layer Graphene on Amorphous SiO₂ Substrate

Kim, Hyungki,Song, Intek,Park, Chibeom,Son, Minhyeok,Hong, Misun,Kim, Youngwook,Kim, Jun Sung,Shin, Hyun-Joon,Baik, Jaeyoon,Choi, Hee Cheul American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.8

<P>We report that high-quality single-layer graphene (SLG) has been successfully synthesized directly on various dielectric substrates including amorphous SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si by a Cu-vapor-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. The Cu vapors produced by the sublimation of Cu foil that is suspended above target substrates without physical contact catalyze the pyrolysis of methane gas and assist nucleation of graphene on the substrates. Raman spectra and mapping images reveal that the graphene formed on a SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si substrate is almost defect-free and homogeneous single layer. The overall quality of graphene grown by Cu-vapor-assisted CVD is comparable to that of the graphene grown by regular metal-catalyzed CVD on a Cu foil. While Cu vapor induces the nucleation and growth of SLG on an amorphous substrate, the resulting SLG is confirmed to be Cu-free by synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The SLG grown by Cu-vapor-assisted CVD is fabricated into field effect transistor devices without transfer steps that are generally required when SLG is grown by regular CVD process on metal catalyst substrates. This method has overcome two important hurdles previously present when the catalyst-free CVD process is used for the growth of SLG on fused quartz and hexagonal boron nitride substrates, that is, high degree of structural defects and limited size of resulting graphene, respectively.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-8/nn402847w/production/images/medium/nn-2013-02847w_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn402847w'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Ultrastructure of the flagellar apparatus in Rhinomonas reticulata var. atrorosea (Cryptophyceae, Cryptophyta)

Nam, Seung Won,Go, Donghee,Son, Misun,Shin, Woongghi The Korean Society of Phycology 2013 ALGAE Vol.28 No.4

Rhinomonas reticulata var. atrorosea G. Novarino is a photosynthetic marine flagellate that is known to have typical characteristics of cryptomonads. We examined the flagellar apparatus of R. reticulata var. atrorosea by transmission electron microscopy. The major components of the flagellar apparatus of R. reticulata var. atrorosea consisted of four types of microtubular roots (1r, 2r, 3r, and mr), a non-keeled rhizostyle (Rhs), mitochondrion-associated lamella (ML), two connections between basal bodies, a striated fibrous root (SR) and a striated fiber-associated microtubular root (SRm). Four types of microtubular roots originated near the ventral basal body and extended toward the left side of the basal bodies. The non-keeled Rhs originated at the Rhs-associated striated fiber, which was located between two basal bodies and extended into the middle of the cell. The ML was a plate-like fibrous structure associated with mitochondria and originating from a Rhs-associated fiber. It split into two parts and extended toward the dorsal-posterior of the cell to a mitochondrion. The SR and SRm extended parallel to the anterior lobe of the cell. The overall configuration of the flagellar apparatus in R. reticulata var. atrorosea was similar to the previously reported descriptions of those of Cryptomonas paramecium, C. pyrenoidifera, C. ovata, Hanusia phi, Guillardia theta, and Proteomonas sulcata. However, the flagellar apparatus system of R. reticulata var. atrorosea was more complex than those of other cryptomonad species due to the presence of an additional microtubular root and other distinctive features, such as a rhizostyle-associated striated fiber and large ML.