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Sivakumar, T,Kumar, R Sambath,Perumal, P,Vamsi, MLM,Sivakumar, P,Kanagasabai, R,Baskaran, MV,Karki, Subhas S,Mazumder, UK,Gupta, M Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2005 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.5 No.4
The plant Bryonia laciniosa (Family: Cucurbitaceae) has been indicated for the treatment of various diseases one among which is cancer. The purpose of this study was investigating experimentally the possible anti-tumor effect and antioxidant role of Bryonia laciniosa leaves in animal model. The methanol extract of Bryonia laciniosa (MEBL) administered at the doses of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg in mice for 14 days after 24 h of tumor inoculation. The effect of MEBL on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing mice, hematological profile and liver biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes) were estimated. Treatment with MEBL decreased the tumor volume and viable cell count thereby increasing the life span of EAC bearing mice and brought back the hematological parameter more or less normal level. The effect of MEBL also decreases the levels of lipid peroxidation and increased the levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The present work indicates that the methanol extract of Bryonia laciniosa exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in vivo.
Sivakumar, B.,Raj, S. Gokul,Kumar, G. Ramesh,Mohan, R. Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.11
Single crystals of lithium potassium phthalate (LiKP) were successfully grown from aqueous solution by solvent evaporation technique. The grown crystals were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The lithium potassium phthalate $C_{16}\;H_{12}\;K\;Li_3\;O_{11}$ belongs to triclinic system with the following unit-cell dimensions at 298(2) K;$a=7.405(5){\AA}$;$b=9.878(5){\AA}$;$c=13.396(5){\AA}$;${\alpha}=71.778(5)^{\circ}$;${\beta}=87.300(5)^{\circ}$;${\gamma}=85.405(5)^{\circ}$; having a space group P1. Mass spectrometric analysis provides the molecular weight of the compound and possible ways of fragmentations occurs in the compound. Thermal stability of the crystal was also studied by both simultaneous TGA/DTA analyses. The UV-Vis-NIR spectrum shows a good transparency in the whole of Visible and as well as in the near IR range. Third order nonlinear optical studies have also been studied by Z-scan technique. Nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refractive index were found out and the third order bulk susceptibility of compound was also estimated. The results have been discussed in detail.
( Sivakumar Lingappa ),( Muthugounder Subramanian Shivakumar ),( Thamilarasan Manivasagam ),( Somasundaram Thirugnanasambandan Somasundaram ),( Palaniappan Seedevi ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.6
Epalrestat (EPS) is a brain penetrant aldose reductase inhibitor, an approved drug currently used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. At near-plasma concentration, EPS induces glutathione biosynthesis, which in turn reduces oxidative stress in the neuronal cells. In this study, we found that EPS reduces neurodegeneration by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative injury, mitochondrial membrane damage, apoptosis and tauopathy. EPS treatment up to 50 μM did not show any toxic effect on SH-SY5Y cell line (neuroblastoma cells). However, we observed toxic effect at a concentration of 100 μM and above. At 50 μM concentration, EPS showed better antioxidant activity against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (100 μM)-induced cytotoxicity, ROS formation and mitochondrial membrane damage in retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y cell line. Furthermore, our study revealed that 50 μM of EPS concentration reduced the glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK3-β) expression and total tau protein level in H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (100 μM)-treated cells. Findings from this study confirms the therapeutic efficacy of EPS on regulating Alzheimer's disease (AD) by regulating GSK3- β and total tau proteins phosphorylation, which helped to restore the cellular viability. This process could also reduce toxic fibrillary tangle formation and disease progression of AD. Therefore, it is our view that an optimal concentration of EPS therapy could decrease AD pathology by reducing tau phosphorylation through regulating the expression level of GSK3-β.
Behaviour of Cold Formed Steel Built-Up Channel Columns Strengthened Using CFRP
Sivakumar Naganathan,H. G. Nahushananda Chakravarthy,Noor Amalina Anuar,Sreedhar Kalavagunta,Kamal Nasharuddin Bin Mustapha 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.2
This paper presents experimental findings of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthened cold-formed steel built-up channels subjected to axial load. In order to sensitively detect the buckling strengths and failure modes, twenty-four built-up columns were tested in which twelve columns were unadorned and another twelve columns were strengthened using CFRP sheets. The columns were tested for ultimate load, lateral displacement and failure modes. Tension coupon tests were conducted to determine the material properties of test specimens. The experimental results were compared with the design load calculated according to AISI S100-16 specification and are found to be in good agreement. It is established that the use of CFRP for strengthening increases the ultimate load and delays the buckling.
Drying and energy aspects of tapioca sago processing-An experimental field study
Sivakumar R.,Elayaperumal A.,Saravanan R. 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.6
The drying characteristics of tapioca sago were studied using four different drying methods--Open sun drying (OSD), Conveyor beltdrying (CBD), Bin drying (BD) and Fluidized bed drying (FBD)--in an industry located in Tamilnadu, India (Latitude: 11.494347° N;Longitude: 78.272264° E). The BD and FBD dryers were designed and fabricated as pilot scale models in the laboratory with respectivecapacity of 5 kg/h and 10 kg/h; CBD (1000 kg/h) and OSD are the commercial drying operations currently employed in industrial processing. The drying time, energy and exergy aspects of all the drying methods were compared along with the achieved final moisture content,color and quality of the dried products. The highest Energy utilization ratio (EUR) was found in CBD and FBD in the range of 20-76 % and 10-67 %, respectively. The exergy efficiency was initially low in all the cases but increased to 80 % towards the end of thedrying process.
Antioxidants Supplementation on Acid Base Balance during Heat Stress in Goats
Sivakumar, A.V.N.,Singh, G.,Varshney, V.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.11
The effects of vitamin C and vitamin E with selenium on acid-base balance and some stress hormones were evaluated during heat stress in goats. Goats, 1.5 years of age, were divided into control, heat stress and antioxidant treatment groups 1, 2 and 3. Except for the control, all groups were exposed to a temperature of $40{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ with a relative humidity of 30% for 5 h/d for 21 days in a psychrometric chamber. Rectal temperature and respiratory rates were recorded daily post exposure. Blood samples were collected on every 3rd day for estimation of plasma vitamins C and E, total antioxidant activity and hormones, and separate blood samples were taken to estimate acid-base status. The rectal temperature and respiratory rates were increased (p<0.05) in the heat stress group only. Except for pH and $pO_2$, which were increased significantly (p<0.05) other parameters of acid-base balance such as $pCO_2$, $HCO_3^-$, $TCO_2$, BEb, BEcef, PCV and Hb were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the heat stress group. An improvement in acid-base status was noted in the antioxidant supplemented groups. Prolactin and cortisol levels were significantly (p<0.05) higher and free T3 and T4 levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the heat stress group. Levels of prolactin and cortisol were decreased and free T3 and T4 were increased in antioxidant treatment groups. Different levels of antioxidant supplementation resulted in similar protection against heat stress.
Sivakumar, M.,Omkumar, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.6
The filter bank multicarrier modulation (FBMC) technique is one of multicarrier modulation technique (MCM), which is mainly used to improve channel capacity of cognitive radio (CR) network and frequency spectrum access technique. The existing FBMC System contains serial to parallel converter, normal QAM modulation, Radix2 inverse FFT, parallel to serial converter and poly phase filter. It needs high area, delay and power consumption. To further reduce the area, delay and power of FBMC structure, a new clock gating technique is applied in the QAM modulation, radix2 multipath delay commutator (R2MDC) based inverse FFT and unified addition and subtraction (UAS) based FIR filter with parallel asynchronous self time adder (PASTA). The clock gating technique is mainly used to reduce the unwanted clock switching activity. The clock gating is nothing but clock signal of flip-flops is controlled by gate (i.e.) AND gate. Hence speed is high and power consumption is low. The comparison between existing QAM and proposed QAM with clock gating technique is carried out to analyze the results. Conversely, the proposed inverse R2MDC FFT with clock gating technique is compared with the existing radix2 inverse FFT. Also the comparison between existing poly phase filter and proposed UAS based FIR filter with PASTA adder is carried out to analyze the performance, area and power consumption individually. The proposed FBMC with clock gating technique offers low power and high speed than the existing FBMC structures.