Phylogeography and population expansion of Western Himalayan highly-erratically migratory painted lady butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Vanessa cardui)

Singh Vinaya Kumar,Kumar Sanjay,Awasthi Sadhna,Gupta Sandeep Kumar 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.4

Understanding population genetics, genetic diversity and the migration pattern of ecologically important species is crucial for effective conservation plans. We studied mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I (COI) gene variation in painted lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) from different altitudinal gradients of Uttarakhand (Western Himalayas), India. We sequenced COI) gene of 91 samples and 22 COI sequences retrieved from GenBank as representatives of different localities for comparative analysis. We observed a total of 16 haplotypes, of which seven haplotypes were observed in Uttarakhand with intra-species sequence divergence ranges from 0.001 to 0.009. Haplotype (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) were comparatively low and averaging 0.635 and 0.002, respectively. The neutrality test, mismatch distribution graph and observed pattern of diversity indices (Hd and π) revealed population expansion. It was further confirmed by the Median Joining Network, which exhibited a star-like topology from the core haplotype, while the Bayesian phylogenetic tree displayed a mixing of haplo types from different localities to an identical clade. Haplotype organization in the Bayesian tree and Median Joining Network was not clustered as per their topographical affinity, indicating incomplete lineage sorting and late species population development or colonization in the novel area.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Singh, Vikas Kumar,Upadhyay, Priti,Sinha, Pallavi,Mall, Ashish Kumar,Ellur, Ranjith K.,Singh, Atul,Jaiswal, Sanjay K.,Biradar, Sunil,Ramakrishna, S.,Sundaram, R.M.,Ahmed, Ilyas,Viraktamath, B.C.,Kole, 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36 to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with $F_1$ performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = $-0.325^*$; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD), the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding, two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Surgical approaches to hepatic hydatidosis ranging from partial cystectomy to liver transplantation

Sanjay Goja,Sujeet Kumar Saha,Sanjay Kumar Yadav,Anisha Tiwari,Arvinder Singh Soin 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.3

Backgrounds/Aims: A wide range of surgical approaches has been described for hepatic hydatidosis aiming primarily at the reduction of disease recurrence and minimization of postoperative morbidity. Methods: A database analysis of patients with liver hydatidosis who underwent different surgical procedures between March 2010 and May 2016 was performed. Results: A total of 21 patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE) and four cases of alveolar echinococcosis (AED) were detected. Nine patients manifested recurrent disease at presentation. Among CE cases, 5 underwent partial cystectomy (2 laparoscopic and 3 open), 9 cysto-pericystectomy (7 open and 2 robotic) and 7 hepatectomies (1 central, 4 right, 1 left and 1 right trisectionectomy). Living donor liver transplantation was performed in 3 patients with AED and the fourth patient underwent right trisectionectomy with en bloc resection of hepatic flexure and right diaphragm. Seven developed Clavien grade II and three grade III complications. The mean follow-up of CE was 34.19±19.75 months. One patient of laparoscopic partial cystectomy developed disease recurrence at 14 months. No recurrence was detected at a mean follow-up of 34±4.58 months following LDLT and at 24 months following multivisceral resection for AED. Conclusions: The whole spectrum of tailored surgical approaches ranging from minimally invasive to open and extended liver resections represents safe, effective and recurrence-free treatment of hepatic hydatidosis.

Rapid Multiplex PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of the Brucella Genus, B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis

( Kumar Sanjay ),( Urmil Tuteja ),( Kumari Sarika ),( Dhirendra Kumar Singh ),( Ashok Kumar ),( Om Kumar ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.1

The routine identification and differentiation of Brucella species is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process, which frequently places personnel at risk of laboratory-acquired infection. Here, we describe the development of a rapid multiplex PCR assay for the confirmation of presumptive Brucella isolates. The assay was able to identify and differentiate major human pathogens, namely B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis, in a single test of less than an hour and a half.

The effect of Valsalva maneuver in attenuating skin puncture pain during spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial

Sanjay Kumar,Sujeet Kumar Singh Gautam,Devendra Gupta,Anil Agarwal,Sanjay Dhirraj,Sandeep Khuba 대한마취통증의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.69 No.1

Background: Valsalva maneuver reduces pain by activating sinoaortic baroreceptor reflex arc. We planned this study to evaluate the role of valsalva in attenuating spinal needle-puncture pain. Methods: Ninety American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II enrolled patients undergoing elective surgery were randomized into 3 groups of 30 each. Group I (Control): didn’t blow; group II (Distraction): patients blew into rubber tube; Group III (Valsalva): blew into sphygmomanometer tube and raise mercury column up to 30 mmHg for at least 20 seconds. During above procedures, spinal puncture was performed with 25-gauge spinal needle. Results: Eighty-two patient data were analyzed. Incidence of spinal puncture pain was reduced to 10% (3 of 27) in Valsalva group as compared to 100% (28 of 28 in control group and 27 of 27 in Distraction group) observed in other two groups (P < 0.05). Severity of lumbar puncture pain as assessed by visual analog scale (0−10; where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst imaginable pain) presented as Median (Interquartile range) were significantly reduced in the Valsalva group (0.0 [0.0] as compared to other 2 groups 2.0 [0.0] in the Distraction group and 3.0 [0.8] in Control group) (P < 0.05). Regarding time taken by CSF to fill spinal needle hub, there was no difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). None patient of all groups had post dural puncture headache (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Valsalva can be performed routinely in ASA I and II patients undergoing spinal anesthesia as it is safe, painless and non-pharmacological method of pain attenuation.

Prediction of Hybrid Performance Based on the Genetic Distance of Parental Lines in Two-Line Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids

Vikas Kumar Singh,Priti Upadhyay,Pallavi Sinha,Ashish Kumar Mall,Ranjith K. Ellur,Atul Singh,Sanjay K.Jaiswal,Sunil Biradar,S. Ramakrishna,R.M. Sundaram,Ilyas Ahmed,B. C. Viraktamath,C. Kole,Sukhpal S 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

A total of six TGMS (thermosensitive genic male sterile lines) and nine pollinator lines were subjected to molecular characterization using 48 genome-wide SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers. Cluster analysis revealed clear differentiation among the TGMS lines according to their source of origin. The SSR-based genetic distance between the hybrids of the parental lines ranged from 0.36to 0.79 suggesting a high degree of genetic divergence. Among a set of 54 hybrids generated using parental lines, 32 showed better parent heterosis (+21.7%) while 19 showed mid-parent heterosis (+15.0%). For the trait yield per plant genetic distance (GD) was negatively correlated with F1 performance (r = -0.202), mid-parent heterosis (r = -0.325*; P < 0.05), and better parent heterosis (r = -0.261), while it was positively correlated with specific combining ability (r = 0.042). Based on the grouped genetic distance (GGD),the hybrid combinations were divided into four groups. The GGD showed linear correlation with hybrid performance within the group (GGD = 40 - 50: r = -0.07; GGD = 70 - 80: r = 0.32). This information can be utilized in the development of higher yielding,two-line rice hybrids through selection of intermediately diverse parental lines using GGD.

Theoretical and Experimental Study of UV Detection Characteristics of Pd/ZnO Nanorod Schottky Diodes

Shaivalini Singh,Pramod Kumar Tiwari,Hemant Kumar,Yogesh Kumar,Gopal Rawat,Sanjay Kumar,Kunal Singh,Ekta Goel,S. Jit,박시현 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2017 NANO Vol.12 No.11

In this work, we report theoretical and experimental study of Pd/ZnO nanorod (NR) Schottky diodes-based ultraviolet photodetector (UV-PD). The ZnO-NRs are deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by using a low-temperature hydrothermal method. The surface morphology of the ZnO-NRs film is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM image shows vertically grown NRs with uniformity, and XRD shows the preferred (002) orientation of ZnO-NR films. The current–voltage characteristics of Pd/ZnO-NR Schottky diodes are studied under dark and UV light. A voltage bias from -1V to +1V is applied and the ratio of photocurrent to dark current was ( ~0.17 x 10 2 at V = 0.5V) calculated from the I–V curve. The value of responsivity was found to be 0.111A/W at λ = 365 nm and at bias = 0.50 V. An approximated UV-PD structure has also been numerically simulated using three-dimensional (3D) device simulator from Visual TCAD of Cogenda International. The simulated I–V characteristics have also been plotted under both dark and light conditions. The simulated results are found to be following the nature of experimental results.

Genetic Variability of Quality Characters and Grain Yield in Lowland Rice Genotypes of Eastern India

Lotan Kumar Bose,Sanjukta Das,Sarat Kumar Pradhan,HataNath Subudhi,Sanjay Singh,OnkarNath Singh 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Twenty-five promising lowland rice genotypes of eastern India were studied for genetic variability in twelve quality characters and grain yield. Analysis of variance for all the characters indicated significant differences among genotypes for all the phys

Effect of suspension parameters on dynamics of a metro coach: A parametric study

Sudhir Kumar Singh,Abhilash Vishwakarma,Sanjay R Singh,Vikranth Racherla 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6

This work aims to analyse the effect of primary and secondary suspension parameters on the dynamics of a BEML metro coach plying on the Kolkata metro track with short straight segments, sharp curves, rapid acceleration, and deceleration. For this, instrumented field trials were conducted on the metro coach on the newly built track in Kolkata, India. During the trials, vehicle speed, coach acceleration, and primary, secondary springs compressions were recorded. A multibody dynamics model for the BEML metro coach plying on the metro track is built in commercial software Simpack. Vertical and lateral track irregularities, non-linear air spring and rail-wheel contact models are considered in modeling for accurate representation of the coach. The developed multibody dynamics model is validated using the field trials data by matching vertical and lateral ride comfort indices for the coach along with roll, pitch, and equivalent bounce motions of the coach and bogies. Effect of four suspension parameters, namely, effective area of air spring, horizontal stiffness of air spring, damping coefficient of lateral damper and horizontal stiffness of primary spring, on metro coach dynamics is studied. Vehicle output response parameters monitored include average vertical ride comfort, average lateral ride comfort, maximum derailment coefficient, average wear index, and vehicle stability. Central composite design is used to design the simulation runs. Response surface methodology is used to obtain second order polynomial models for output response variables in terms of selected suspension parameters. Significant reduction of around 8 % in average wear index was observed for 20 % reduction in horizontal stiffness of primary and secondary springs. Separately, around 7 % reduction in lateral ride comfort index was observed for 20 % reduction in lateral damping coefficient, secondary spring horizontal stiffness and 20 % increase in primary spring horizontal stiffness.

A Prospective, Single-Blinded, Bicentric Study, and Literature Review to Assess the Need of C2-Ganglion Preservation - SAVIOUR’s Criteria

Suyash Singh,Arun Kumar Srivastava,Jayesh Sardhara,Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora,Kuntal Kanti Das,Anant Mehrotra,Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal,Manas Kumar Panigrahi,Sanjay Behari 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: Joint manipulation for craniovertebral junction instability is often hindered by the C2-ganglion (C2G). Our study aims to compare the surgical outcome among patients with or without C2G preservation and discuss the technical nuances. Methods: We did a prospective, bicentric study and included all the operated patients with craniovertebral junction anomaly. The outcome was assessed by the Pain Numeric Rating Scale, Patient Satisfactions Score, and Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale. The fusion was assessed using Lenke fusion grade. Results: One hundred seventy-one patients (88 in group A and 83 in group B) were included. The most common symptom was spastic quadriparesis (n=165, 96.5%) with median Nurick grade 3.3. Thirteen patients had suboccipital numbness and 12 patients had paraesthesia. Mean blood loss in group A was 490±96.2 mL and group B was 525±45.7 mL; median operative time was 217.9 and 162.2 minutes in the groups A and B, respectively (p<0.05). At the follow-up (median, 46.8 months), Lenke fusion grade A was achieved in 92.4% and grade B in 7.6%. A trend suggesting better functional outcomes (numbness, parestheisa, scar outcome, and postoperative ulcer formation) in group A was seen with all 6 patients, who underwent O-C2 fixation, developed pressure sore. Conclusion: Our results support ganglion preservation, especially in the subset of patients where occipital plating is required. Although the study fails to show any statistical significance, we suggest that one should always start with an ‘intent’ of preservation as the functional outcome is better.