Exemestane encapsulated copolymers L121/F127/GL44 based mixed micelles: solubility enhancement and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation using MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Singh Gurdeep,Singh Davinder,Choudhari Manisha,Kaur Simran Deep,Dubey Sunil Kumar,Arora Saroj,Bedi Neena 한국약제학회 2021 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.51 No.6

Purpose The present study aimed to develop a novel therapeutic approach for controlled delivery of exemestane (EXE) to cancer cells using nanostructured polymeric micelles. Methods A simplex centroid design of experiment study was employed for optimizing the polymeric micelle formulation to achieve the desired critical quality attributes, including micelle size, drug loading (DL), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The oil-in-water (o/w) solvent evaporation method was used to prepare mixed micelles (MMs) of copolymers L121/F127/GL44 for encapsulating EXE. Profile analysis tensiometer methods were used to determine the CMC of the copolymer mixture. EXE-MMs, blank mixed micelles, and lyophilized mixed micelles (Lyp- EXE-MMs) were characterized for other key quality attributes, such as zeta potential, chemical interactions, and morphology. Results The optimized ratio of L121/F127/GL44 was 1.98, 0.812, and 1.20, respectively, providing EXE-MMs with small micelle sizes (35.45 ± 1.20 nm), higher EE (89.75 ± 2.14%), and DL (5.85 ± 2.14%). EXE-encapsulated MMs exhibited an in vitro sustained release profile with improved cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells than that with pure EXE. The cellular growth inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of EXE-MMs was 0.225 ± 0.124 μg/ml, while that of naïve EXE was 7.58 ± 0.145 μg/ ml. Moreover, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of EXE micellar formulation showed significant improvement in Cmax and AUC (0–72 h), viz. 207.54 ± 18.65 ng/ml and 3530.77 ± 212.25 ng h/ml, respectively, suggesting enhanced bioavailability than that of pure EXE. Conclusion EXE-MMs have a great potential for enhancing the bioavailability of EXE.

Computationally efficient variational Bayesian method for PAPR reduction in multiuser MIMO‐OFDM systems

Davinder Singh,Rakesh Kumar Sarin 한국전자통신연구원 2019 ETRI Journal Vol.41 No.3

This paper investigates the use of the inverse‐free sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) approach for peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM)‐based multiuser massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. The Bayesian inference method employs a truncated Gaussian mixture prior for the sought‐after low‐PAPR signal. To learn the prior signal, associated hyperparameters and underlying statistical parameters, we use the variational expectation‐maximization (EM) iterative algorithm. The matrix inversion involved in the expectation step (E‐step) is averted by invoking a relaxed evidence lower bound (relaxed‐ELBO). The resulting inverse‐free SBL algorithm has a much lower complexity than the standard SBL algorithm. Numerical experiments confirm the substantial improvement over existing methods in terms of PAPR reduction for different MIMO configurations.

Electric field involved transport at elevated temperature in nanocrystalline silicon carbide nitride (nc-SiCN) thin films for harsh environment applications

Narendra Singh,Kirandeep Singh,Davinder Kaur 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.2

The present study represents a systematic temperature dependent charge transport and dielectric properties of nanocrystalline silicon carbide nitride (nc-SiCN) thin films grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. A large negative temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) ranging from 6200 to 2300 ppmK-1 in the temperature range 300e773 K, suggests that the nc-SiCN thin films could be useful for futuristic thermal-based sensors. The current density vs. electric field (J-E) characteristics was measured at different temperatures (300e673 K). Detailed J-E analysis revealed an ohmic conduction at the low applied electric field (<65 kV/cm) within the entire temperature range. However, at high electric field (>65 kV/cm), space charge limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism was found to be dominating in low measurement temperature (300e473K), whereas, a transition from SCLC mechanism to Poole-Frenkel mechanism was observed with further increment in the temperature beyond 473 K. The temperature invariant dielectric tunability (nr ~10%) and low zero electric field leakage current density (J ~107A/cm2) at 673 K temperature, demonstrates the feasibility of nc-SiCN thin films for tunable device applications in the high-temperature and harsh environment.

CONNECTEDNESS IN IDEAL PROXIMITY SPACES

( Beenu Singh ),( Davinder Singh ) 호남수학회 2021 호남수학학술지 Vol.43 No.1

Two new concepts, namely, δ*-connectedness and δ*-component are introduced by using ideal in proximity spaces. A relation of δ*-connectedness with different types of connectedness that are considered in literature before is studied. It is shown that δ*-connectedness is a contractive property.

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties of ZrO2 Thin Films

Davinder Kumar,Avtar Singh,Navneet Kaur,Apoorva Katoch,Raminder Kaur 한국재료학회 2022 한국재료학회지 Vol.32 No.5

Transparent thin films of pure and nickel-doped ZrO2 are grown successfully by sol-gel dip-coating technique. The structural and optical properties according to the different annealing temperatures (300 oC, 400 oC and 500 oC) are investigated. Analysis of crystallographic properties through X-ray diffraction pattern reveals an increase in crystallite size due to increase in crystallinity with temperature. All fabricated thin films are highly-oriented along (101) planes, which enhances the increase in nickel doping. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy are employed to confirm the homogeneity in surface morphology as well as the doping configuration of films. The extinction coefficient is found to be on the order of 102, showing the surface smoothness of deposited thin films. UV-visible spectroscopy reveals a decrease in the optical band gap with the increase in annealing temperature due to the increase in crystallite size. The variation in Urbach energy and defect density with doping and the change in annealing temperature are also studied.

Effect of AlN layer on the resistive switching properties of TiO2 based ReRAM memory devices

Bhawani Pratap Singh Rathore,Ravi Prakash,Davinder Kaur 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.1

The present study reports the resistive switching behaviour in Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) material, with possible implementations in non volatile memory device. The Cu/TiO2/Pt memory device exhibit uniform and stable bipolar resistive switching behaviour. The current-voltage (I-V) analysis shows two discrete resistance states, the High Resistance State (HRS) and the Low Resistance State (LRS). The effect of an additional AlN layer in the resistive memory cell is also investigated. The Cu/TiO2/AlN/Pt device shows a multilevel (tri-state) resistive switching. Multilevel switching is facilitated by ionic and metallic filament formation, and the nature of the formed filaments is confirmed by performing a resistance vs. temperature measurement. The bilayer device shows improved reliability over the single layer device. The formation of high thermal conductive interfacial oxy-nitride (AlON) layer is the main reasons for the enhancement of resistive switching properties in Cu/TiO2/AlN/Pt cell. The performance of device was measured in terms of endurance and retention, which exhibits good endurance over 105 cycles and long retention time of 105 s at 125 C. The above result suggests the feasibility of Cu/TiO2/AlN/Pt devices for multilevel non volatile ReRAM application.

The study of hyperostosic variants: significance of hyperostotic variants of human skulls in anthropology

Jasbir Kaur,Dhirendra Srivastava,Davinder Singh,Shashi Raheja 대한해부학회 2012 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.45 No.4

Minor variations in the ossicles, foramina and ridges of the cranium have aroused the curiosity of anatomists for many decades. These non-metric variants help us to study the genetic relationships among ancient populations. Since these traits show considerable frequency differences in different populations, they can be used as anthropological characters in epidemiological studies. These variants indirectly reflect the part of underlying genotype of a given population thus implying their usefulness in biological comparisons of related groups. They can be used for the assessment of the existence of the parental structures within a community or as taxonomic indicators. For anthropological studies, the traits should be genetically determined, vary in frequency between different populations and should not show age, sex, and side dependency. The present study was conducted on hundred dry adult human skulls from Northern India. They were sexed and studied for the presence of hyperostotic traits (double hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen bridging, and paracondylar process). Sexual and side dimorphism was observed. None of the traits had shown statistically significant side and sexual dimorphism. Since the dimorphism is exhibited by none of them, it can be postulated that these traits are predominantly under genetic control and can be effectively used for population studies.

Enhanced exchange bias in magnetron-sputtered NieMneSbeAl ferromagnetic shape memory alloy thin films

Rahul Barman,Sushil Kumar Singh,Davinder Kaur 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.12

In the present study, the influence of aluminium (Al) addition on the martensite-austenite phase transformation and exchange bias of NieMneSb films have been investigated. NieMneSbeAl films with different Al concentration (~0e5.6%) were deposited by co-sputtering of NieMneSb and Al targets. Experimental results revealed the decrease in martensitic transformation temperature with increasing Al content upto a certain extent (3.3%) beyond which martensitic transformation was suppressed. Paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition temperature (TC) also decreased with increasing Al concentration. Ni50Mn36.3Sb10.4Al3.3 thin film showed significant improvement in exchange bias field as compared to pure Ni50.3Mn36.9Sb12.8 thin film. This enhancement in the exchange bias field HEB ¼ 611 Oe at 10 K is attributed to the increase of AFM-FM interactions that result from the decrease of MneMn distance due to the incorporation of Al atoms. This behaviour is an additional property of the FSMA thin films apart from various other multifunctional properties and therefore, is of technological importance for their applications in magnetic storage devices. ©

Bioaccumulation of Chromium Ions by Immobilized Cells of a Filamentous Cyanobacterium , Anabaena variabilis

(Khattar Jasvir I . S .),(Tangirala A . Sarma),(Davinder P . Singh),(Anuradha Sharma) 한국미생물생명공학회 2002 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.12 No.1

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A HYBRID ALGORITHM FOR LUNG CANCER CLASSIFICATION USING SVM AND NEURAL NETWORKS

Pankaj Nanglia,Sumit Kumar,Aparna N. Mahajan,Paramjit Singh,Davinder Rathee 한국통신학회 2021 ICT Express Vol.7 No.3

The present research article focused on the factual findings of the potential usage of the combinational Feed-Forward Back Propagation Neural Network as a judgment making for lung cancer. In this context, Support Vector Machine is integrated with Feed-Forward Back Propagation Neural Network to create a hybrid algorithm that further helps in reducing the computation complexity of the classification. A set of 500 images are utilized in which 75% data is used for the training purpose and the rest 25% is used to achieve the classification. In the view of forgoing, a three-block mechanism is proposed for the classification in which the first block preprocesses the dataset, the second block extracts the features via the SURF technique followed by the optimization using Genetic Algorithm and the terminal block is for the classification via FFBPNN. The hybrid classification algorithm is named as Kernel Attribute Selected Classifier and the overall classification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 98.08%. Herein, the objective of the study is to enhance the classification accuracy by applying a hybrid classification algorithm.