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      • KCI등재

        The Impacts of Domestic Loans on Economic Growth: The Case of Cameroon, West Africa

        Simpao, Kristine Joy Santiago,Kum Raphael Tegha 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2022 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.8 No.6

        The study's primary objective is to assess the role of domestic loans given by financial institutions on Cameroon's economic growth from 1990-2019. That is investigating whether there is a correlation between domestic loans and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), an indicator of economic growth. The data for the study was collected from secondary sources. That is from the world bank database, several textbooks, articles, and annual reports from International Monetary Fund (IMF), the world bank, and the government. The research used time-series data to assess the fluctuating pattern of economic growth changes and correlation coefficient with a scatter plot diagram to show the relationship of domestic loans and GDP to economic growth. The study reveals that a change in domestic loans can bring a change in GDP, everything being equal. The findings show that the ebb and flow of the graph was an effect of high demand for domestic loans, political crisis (Anglophone), world financial crisis, and deadweight debt. The data also showed a negative correlation between domestic loans with Cameroon's (GDP), with an inverse relationship between domestic loans and GDP. The study implies that domestic loans contribution did not change GDP growth. It can conduct further research on assessing the role of domestic loans given by Micro-Financial Institutions (MFI) on economic growth in Cameroon. It is recommended that the Cameroon government set up National Quality Award for excellence given by the president, introduce deferral of tax, reduce the interest rate on loans during the period of crisis, and structural policies to help Small Medium Enterprise (SME) and avoid embezzlement to improve correlation from negative to positive.

      • KCI등재

        Changing Educational Landscape from Traditional to Outcomes-based Education in South Korea

        Simpao, Kristine Joy Santiago 사단법인 미래융합기술연구학회 2021 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.7 No.6

        This research aimed to identify the role of OBE in changing the educational landscape through examining the correlation of Outcomes-based Education to student grade, teacher’s performance, student knowledge, teacher’s extent of experience, and practice of OBE. This study analyzes the role of OBE teaching method in educational change in South Korea as a baseline to develop an education framework as a guide of the department in its readiness for the paradigm-shift to outcomes-based systems model of higher education. The respondents utilized controlled achievement tests, structured questionnaires, student and professor’s performance grades, and interview guides in accumulating qualitative and quantitative data from the respondents. The finding denotes that outcomes-based education correlates with student grade, teacher’s performance, student knowledge of OBE, teachers’ extent of OBE expertise, and teaching method. This result implies that outcomes-based education learning, and assessment approaches are effective mechanisms in improving the student’s educational experiences and, at the same time, a useful tool for enhancing South Korea’s educational system in modern times. This research implies that the OBE system can assists educators in designing a curriculum to give students the knowledge and skills they need to demonstrate the learning outcomes. The recommends the development and adaptation of an outcome-based framework towards designing research and development-oriented OBE curriculum for the International Commerce Department of Keimyung University.

      • KCI등재

        ASEAN Green Hotel Standard Compliance: The Case of Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority, Olongapo City

        Kristine Joy S. Simpao 사단법인 한국융합기술연구학회 2023 아시아태평양융합연구교류논문지 Vol.9 No.3

        The study aims to determine the green practices of several hotels in SBMA in Olongapo City using the Green Hotel Standards of ASEAN as the basis for developing guidelines, assessments, criteria, and standards for "Green Hotels" in the Philippines. The study used descriptive design to determine the extent of compliance of the participating hotels with the ASEAN Green Hotel Standards. The survey respondents comprised the participating standard and economy hotels in SBMA, Olongapo City. The research revealed that given the standards of the ASEAN Green Hotel Association, all the participating hotels practised or observed the rules for green hotels except for "noise pollution control" and "wastewater treatment management." The research study determined that there is no significant difference in the extent of the participating hotel's compliance with the Green Hotel Standards. Moreover, there is a need to formulate guidelines on "greening hotels" in the Philippines. These guidelines should also contain assessment criteria and standards to assist hotel owners in "green" their hotel significance "going green."

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