관상동맥 질환에서 SDF-1α의 농도

김보영,박용규,박형서,노상필,정승현,이유선,이정우,이재환,최시완,정진옥,성인환 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

Atherosclerosis is now viewed as an inflammatory disease of the vascular system. Expression of several chemokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1, MCP-4, RANTES(regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted), and interleukin-8(IL-8) are increased in human atherosclerotic plaques compared with normal vessels. They are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque rupture by activating and directing leukocytes into the atherosclerotic lesions. However, some are involved in homeostatic functions such as normal leukocyte traffic and growth regulation. SDF-la is a multi-functional cytokine that is involved in myelogenesis, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and injured gastric mucosal regeneration in the gastric ulcer patient. SDF-la is recently shown to be highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and a potent platelet agonist. At least in high concentrations, SDF-la may mediate antiinflammatory and matrix stabilizing effects in unstable angina. Many studies are going on to know the function of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. I investigated the difference of the plasma level of SDF-la between control group and coronary artery disease group. Total 75 subjects were enrolled. The diagnosis of coronary artery disease was confirmed in all patients by coronary angiography. Control subjects in this study were confirmed normal by coronary angiography. Clinical profile and risk factors were also reviewed. Control subjects in this study were 27 (M=10, F=17). Plasma for the study was collected before the angiography and centrifuged. SDF-la analysis was performed by ELISA. Plasma level of SDF-la is significantly increased in patients with stable angina(n=20) and unstable angina group(n=28) compared with healthy control group(n=27). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases. In this study, plasma level of SDF-la is increased in patients with stable angina and unstable angina groups compared with healthy control group(P<0.05). the risk factors do not influence the plasma level of SDF-la in coronary artery diseases.

Targeted Nanotherapeutics Encapsulating Liver X Receptor Agonist GW3965 Enhance Antiatherogenic Effects without Adverse Effects on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in<i>Ldlr^−/−</i>Mice

Yu, Mikyung,Amengual, Jaume,Menon, Arjun,Kamaly, Nazila,Zhou, Felix,Xu, Xiaoding,Saw, Phei Er,Lee, Seung-Joo,Si, Kevin,Ortega, Carleena Angelica,Choi, Won Il,Lee, In-Hyun,Bdour, Yazan,Shi, Jinjun,Mahm Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 Advanced healthcare materials Vol.6 No.20

순환팬이 온풍난방 온실의 기상분포 균일화에 미치는 영향

유인호(In Ho Yu),조명환(Myeong Whan Cho),이시영(Si Young Lee),전희(Hee Chun),이인복(In Bok Lee) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2005 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.14 No.2

이 연구는 순환팬에 의해 만들어지는 수평적인 공기 흐름이 환경요인들의 수평 및 수직분포에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 순환팬 가동 유무에 따라 기류 속도, 기온, 상대습도 및 CO₂ 농도의 3차원 분포를 측정하였다. 온실내 기상인자 분포의 균일성은 외기온이 낮아짐에 따라 감소하였다. 무처리시 기온 편차는 4.7, 습도 편차는 19%이었는데 팬을 가동한 경우 그 편차들은 각각 2.2, 6.3%로 감소하였다. 팬 용량이 증가할수록 측점간 기온 편차가 줄어들었는데, 온실 바닥면적당 0.0104㎥ 용량의 팬으로 온실내 적정한 공기 유동을 만들 수 있었다. 기온 및 CO₂ 농도의 수직분포는 높이나 팬 용량에 관계없이 상당히 균일한 것으로 나타났다. 폭 방향의 기온 편차를 줄일 수 있는 팬 배치와 소용량의 팬을 다수 설치했을 때의 효과에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of horizontal air flow produced by circulation fans on horizontal and vertical profiles of meteorological factors. The three-dimensional distributions of air speed, air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration were measured with and without the fans in operation. The uniformity of the spatial distribution of meteorological factors decreased as the outside air temperature decreased. In "fans off" condition, spatial variations of 4.7℃ in air temperature, 19% in relative humidity were detected. When the fans were operated, these variations were reduced to 2.2 and 6.3%, respectively. As the fan capacity increased, the difference in air temperature among sampling points decreased. The fan capacity of 0.0104 ㎥ㆍs?¹ㆍm?² was enough to obtain a reasonable air flow in greenhouse. The vertical profiles of air temperature and CO₂ concentration were reasonably uniform regardless of measurement height and fan capacity. Further researches on the position of fans to reduce the difference in air temperature along the width and the effects of using a larger number of smaller fans are required.

저탄소 도시관리를 위한 온실가스 평가지표 개발 및 활용방안

송인주 ( In Ju Song ),최유진 ( Yu Jin Choi ),김채련 ( Chae Ryun Kim ),김시정 ( Si Jeong Kim ) 서울시정개발연구원 2010 연구보고서 Vol.2010 No.65

Seoul City needs to establish the foundation for more active low-carbon urban management in consideration of local characteristics in order to contribute to low-carbon green growth of the government and participate in international efforts to respond to climate change. In general, the items related to greenhouse gases in urban management plan includes only the calculation of yearly energy consumption and yearly CO2 emission per unit building and preparation of reduction plans, but does not include specific indices for low-carbon soil utilization. Especially, the items related to greenhouse gases are examined only for the building part and little has been considered for such carbon absorption sources as vegetation and soil that can bring in the indirect effect of emission reduction. The objective of this research is to analyze greenhouse gas emission of the building part in business districts on the basis of the urban regeneration project for accomplishment of low-carbon urban management, analyze the reduction by such carbon absorption sources as vegetation and soil, and then present a plan to apply a quantified target value related to greenhouse gases to low-carbon urban management in the future. The major contents of this research are as follows: First, the status of low-carbon urban management related to greenhouse gases was analyzed. Policies and standards practiced in relation to greenhouse gases were investigated in the position of the central government and Seoul City. At the same time, the cases for management and evaluation of greenhouse gases were examined in an effort to apply effectively the quantified target value developed in this research to low-carbon policies of Seoul City. Second, the current status of greenhouse gas emission was analyzed. The current status for urban management project of Seoul City was analyzed and the urban regeneration project was targeted for this research. The target sites of the urban regeneration project were classified into the residential environment improvement project and the urban environment improvement project for selection of specific target sites for analysis and estimation of greenhouse gas emission. For selection of target sites, the environmental impact evaluation project of Seoul City which can easily provide current data of business target sites was analyzed. Out of rearranged business target sites, some target sites whose basic data related to greenhouse gas emission analysis of the building part and vegetation/soil part required in this research was not sufficient were excluded and finally 10 target sites from each of the residential environment improvement project and the urban environment improvement project were selected. Greenhouse gas emission was analyzed after classification into building and vegetation/soil parts. For greenhouse gas absorption of vegetation and soil, existing formulae were reviewed and the single-tree formula used most generally in consideration of characteristic of the downtown area was selected, and for the building part the greenhouse gas emission was estimated from building emission sources fixed before and after business execution, Third, The results of each part were combined for evaluation, and an integrated analysis was made on greenhouse gas change classified by business target sites. For 10 target sites of the residential environment improvement project, combination of the storage and absorption by vegetation/soil and the emission from buildings indicates that, on the average, the carbon change per unit area was 70.48tonC/yearㆍha and the rate of carbon change 26.65%. The target sites from the residential environment improvement project were, on the whole, general residential areas of more than 2 or 3 kinds and some include semi-industrial areas or semi-residential areas, but the floor-area-to-land ratio was around 250% and the greenhouse gas change before and after business execution was relatively small with a maximum of 70.23% and a minimum of 0.87%. The absorption and storage of greenhouse gases by vegetation ad soil was found to be equivalent to 5 - 10 % of the emission of greenhouse gases from buildings. Thus, it is judged that active securing of vegetation and soil in the business districts can contribute to some degree to the reduction of greenhouse gases. In case of 10 target sites from the urban environment improvement project, on the average, the carbon change per unit area was 2,588.71tonC/year·ha and the rate of carbon change 1,168.62%, which indicate that the greenhouse gas emission increased a great deal compared with that of the target sites from the residential environment improvement project. The rate of carbon change for a considerable number of target sites was around 500%, and some target sites such as O district and L district showed the rate of carbon change was greater than 4,000%, which indicates that the variation between districts is seriously large, N district (2,098.58% increase) and R district (5,592.00% increase) where the rate of carbon change was severe are the cases where the carbon emission prior to business execution was remarkably low compared with other target sites and the rate of change increased. Comparison of real total carbon emission of these areas after business execution with that of other target sites shows a lower emission of the areas than the average emission per unit area, Thus, since the difference between these target sites and the other ones prior to business execution was large, an exceptional application is judged to be needed in case the target value of carbon emisson is developed in the future. In case of the urban environment improvement project, the storage and absorption of greenhouse gases by vegetation and soil were analyzed to reduce about 1% of the emission from buildings and so the reduction of greenhouse gases by absorption does not appear to contribute a great deal. Fourth, a target value related to greenhouse gas emission was selected and a specific plan to use it was presented. A specific target value was selected by combining integrated analytical results of building and vegetation/soil parts. For specific application of the developed target value (index), an environmental review from the urban management planning of Seoul City and items related to greenhouse gases from the environmental impact evaluation of Seoul City were considered to understand the current status, and evaluation standards and guidelines were presented to review relevant items in the future.

순환팬이 온풍난방 온실의 기상분포 균일화에 미치는 영향

유인호(In Ho Yu),조명환(Myeong Whan Cho),이시영(Si Young Lee),전희(Hee Chun),이인복(In Bok Lee) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2007 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.16 No.4

이 연구는 순환팬에 의해 만들어지는 수평적인 공기 흐름이 환경요인들의 수평 및 수직분포에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 순환팬 가동 유무에 따라 기류 속도, 기온 상대습도 및 CO₂ 농도의 3차원 분포를 측정하였다. 온실내 기상인자 분포의 균일성은 외기온이 낮아짐에 따라 감소하였다. 무처리시 기온 편차는 4.7, 습도 편차는 19%이었는데 팬을 가동한 경우 그 편차들은 각각 2.2, 6.3%로 감소하였다. 팬 용량이 증가할수록 측점간 기온 편차가 줄어들었는데, 온실 바닥면적당 0.0104m³ㆍs?¹ 용량의 팬으로 온실내 적정한 공기 유동을 만들 수 있었다. 기온 및 CO₂ 농도의 수직분포는 높이나 팬 용량에 관계없이 상당히 균일한 것으로 나타났다. 폭 방향의 기온 편차를 줄일 수 있는 팬 배치와 소용량의 팬을 다수 설치했을 때의 효과에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of horizontal air flow produced by circulation fans on horizontal and vertical profiles of meteorological factors. The three-dimensional distributions of air speed, air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration were measured with and without the fans in operation. The uniformity of the spatial distribution of meteorological factors decreased as the outside air temperature decreased. In “fans off” condition, spatial variations of 4.7℃ in air temperature, 19% in relative humidity were detected. When the fans were operated, these variations were reduced to 2.2 and 6.3%, respectively. As the fan capacity increased, the difference in air temperature among sampling points decreased. The fan capacity of 0.0104m³ㆍs?¹ㆍm?² was enough to obtain a reasonable air flow in greenhouse. The vertical profiles of air temperature and CO₂ concentration were reasonably uniform regardless of measurement height and fan capacity. Further researches on the position of fans to reduce the difference in air temperature along the width and the effects of using a larger number of smaller fans are required.

OsREL2, a rice TOPLESS homolog functions in axillary meristem development in rice inflorescence

권예림,이병하,Si-in Yu,Joo-hyuk Park,Ying Li,Jin-Hee Han,Hemasundar Alavilli,Jung-Il Cho,김태훈,전종성 한국식물생명공학회 2012 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.6 No.3

The morphology of the rice inflorescence,called the panicle, is determined mainly by the activities of axillary meristems including primary, secondary, and spikelet meristems. Recently, in maize, the RAMOSA1ENHANCER LOCUS2 (REL2) gene, orthologous to the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem fate-determining TOPLESS,was shown to be involved in the regulation of axillary meristem determinacy. In order to investigate the function of the rice REL2 homolog, we identified and characterized the rice REL2 gene (OsREL2). Compared to other rice TPL homologs, OsREL2 gene expression stayed relatively low throughout panicle development. We characterized a T-DNA insertion osrel2 mutant that showed pleiotropic phenotypic defects, such as defects in panicle heading, sterile lemma elongation, and panicle development,suggesting the OsREL2 functions in multiple developmental processes. In particular, osrel2 developed shorter axillary branches and reduced numbers of lateral organs on axillary branches in comparison to the wild-type,indicating that OsREL2 is important in axillary meristem maintenance. Interestingly, osrel2 produced more primary branches and fewer secondary branches than the wild-type. These results suggest that OsREL2 is involved in branch formation regulation, presumably by suppressing primary branch formation and promoting secondary branch formation.

The F-Box Protein SAGL1 and ECERIFERUM3 Regulate Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Response to Changes in Humidity in Arabidopsis

Kim, Hyojin,Yu, Si-in,Jung, Seh Hui,Lee, Byeong-ha,Suh, Mi Chung American Society of Plant Biologists 2019 The Plant cell Vol.31 No.9

<P>The Arabidopsis F-box protein SAGL1 mediates proteasome-dependent degradation of ECERIFERUM3, thereby negatively regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis in response to changes in humidity.</P><P>Cuticular waxes, which cover the aboveground parts of land plants, are essential for plant survival in terrestrial environments. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms underlying cuticular wax biosynthesis in response to changes in ambient humidity. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis (<I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>) Kelch repeat F-box protein SMALL AND GLOSSY LEAVES1 (SAGL1) mediates proteasome-dependent degradation of ECERIFERUM3 (CER3), a biosynthetic enzyme involved in the production of very long chain alkanes (the major components of wax), thereby negatively regulating cuticular wax biosynthesis. Disruption of <I>SAGL1</I> led to severe growth retardation, enhanced drought tolerance, and increased wax accumulation in stems, leaves, and roots. Cytoplasmic SAGL1 physically interacts with CER3 and targets it for degradation. β‐glucuronidase (<I>GUS</I>) expression was observed in the roots of <I>pSAGL1</I>:<I>GUS</I> plants but was barely detected in aerial organs. High humidity-induced GUS activity and <I>SAGL1</I> transcript levels were reduced in response to abscisic acid treatment and water deficit. SAGL1 levels increase under high humidity, and the stability of this protein is regulated by the 26S proteasome. These findings indicate that the SAGL1-CER3 module negatively regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis in response to changes to humidity, and they highlight the importance of permeable cuticle formation in terrestrial plants under high humidity conditions.</P>

<i>Arabidopsis</i> Serine Decarboxylase Mutants Implicate the Roles of Ethanolamine in Plant Growth and Development

Kwon, Yerim,Yu, Si-in,Lee, Hyoungseok,Yim, Joung Han,Zhu, Jian-Kang,Lee, Byeong-ha Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.13 No.3

<P>Ethanolamine is important for synthesis of choline, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in plants. The latter two phospholipids are the major phospholipids in eukaryotic membranes. In plants, ethanolamine is mainly synthesized directly from serine by serine decarboxylase. Serine decarboxylase is unique to plants and was previously shown to have highly specific activity to <SMALL>L</SMALL>-serine. While serine decarboxylase was biochemically characterized, its functions and importance in plants were not biologically elucidated due to the lack of serine decarboxylase mutants. Here we characterized an <I>Arabidopsis</I> mutant defective in serine decarboxylase, named <I>atsdc-1</I> (<I><U>A</U>rabidopsis <U>t</U>haliana <U>s</U>erine <U>d</U>e<U>c</U>arboxylase-1</I>). The <I>atsdc-1</I> mutants showed necrotic lesions in leaves, multiple inflorescences, sterility in flower, and early flowering in short day conditions. These defects were rescued by ethanolamine application to <I>atsdc-1</I>, suggesting the roles of ethanolamine as well as serine decarboxylase in plant development. In addition, molecular analysis of serine decarboxylase suggests that <I>Arabidopsis</I> serine decarboxylase is cytosol-localized and expressed in all tissue.</P>

Effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on the progression of advanced liver disease : A Korean nationwide, multicenter, retrospective, observational, cohort study

Park, Jung Gil,Tak, Won Young,Park, Soo Young,Kweon, Young Oh,Jang, Se Young,Lee, Yu Rim,Bae, Si Hyun,Jang, Jae Young,Kim, Do Young,Lee, June Sung,Suk, Ki Tae,Kim, In Hee,Lee, Heon Ju,Chung, Woo Jin,J Wolters Kluwer Health 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.24

<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Evidence of the potential benefits of long-term oral branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation in reducing the severity of liver disease is limited.</P><P>Patients who were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis with a Child–Pugh (CP) score of 8–10 were included. The BCAA group consumed BCAAs daily for at least 6 months, and the control group consumed a diet without BCAA. We analyzed the improvements based on the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, CP score, incidence of cirrhosis-related complications, and event-free survival over 2 years. Among the 867 recruited patients, 307 (166 in the BCAA group and 141 in the control group) were analyzed. The BCAA group was divided into 3 subgroups, whose patients consumed 4.15 g, 8.3 g, or 12.45 g of BCAAs daily for the analysis. There were significant differences in the CP score, albumin, and hepatic encephalopathy between the 2 groups at baseline. After matching the propensity scores, we analyzed patients in the BCAA-12.45 g group (12.45 g of BCAAs daily, n = 41) and matched control group (n = 41). The MELD score significantly improved in the BCCA-12.45 g group compared to the matched control group (<I>P = .</I>004). The changes in the serum bilirubin level (<I>P = .</I>014) and CP score (<I>P = .</I>033) over time also differed significantly between the 2 groups. The incidence rates of cirrhosis-related complications (<I>P = .</I>973) and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (2 cases each) did not differ significantly between the 2 groups.</P><P>Long-term oral BCAA supplementation has beneficial effects in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis. A further large-scale prospective study is needed to delineate these beneficial effects.</P></▼2>

Trends of Gastrointestinal Diseases at a Single Institution in Korea over the Past Two Decades

( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Sung Won Lee ),( Xian Xiang Shu ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2009 Gut and Liver Vol.3 No.4

Background/Aims: The lifestyle changes that have accompanied economic growth have influenced disease patterns in Korea. Changing patterns of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases over the past two decades were investigated in the present study. Methods: Data from inpatients with specific GI diseases, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases code, were extracted from the database at a tertiary medical facility for 1990, 1996, and 2006. Results: Admission rates for GI diseases increased between 1990 and 2006. The most prevalent disease in 1990 was gastric cancer, followed by appendicitis and colorectal cancer. However, by 2006, gastric cancer, colon cancer, and colon adenoma or polyps had become the most prevalent diseases. Although gastric cancer showed a decreasing trend, the rate of colon cancer doubled over two decades. Furthermore, rates of detection and endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer and adenoma of the stomach and colon have increased noticeably. Newly emerging diseases include inflammatory bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux. There was no change in the incidence of peptic ulcer, but ulcer- related complications and the numbers treated surgically decreased. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate that the clinical trends of GI diseases in Korea have changed in a similar way to those in the West. Early detection of a GI neoplasm will continue to increase with the establishment of cancer-screening programs, resulting in a rising need for minimally invasive treatments. (Gut and Liver 2009;3:252-258)