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- 저자 : Shuji Aoyama (검색결과 2 건)
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TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND HRD IN EAST ASIA: HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY IN TAIWAN
Shuji Aoyama The Institute of East and West Studies 1998 Global economic review Vol.27 No.2
The semiconductor industry in Taiwan has successfully developed over the past 20years. The development of the industry can be featured by a spiral-type industrial policy deployment of the state with special emphasis on R&D and human resource development at public institutes and mobilization and organization of overseas human resources. All in all, the role played by the state has not been market-intervention but the coordination of various systems functioning in the private sector.
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Clinical Factors for Prognosis and Treatment Guidance of Spinal Cord Astrocytoma
Toshitaka Seki,Kazutoshi Hida,Shunsuke Yano,Takeshi Aoyama,Izumi Koyanagi,Toru Sasamori,Shuji Hamauchi,Kiyohiro Houkin 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.4
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To obtain information useful in establishing treatment guidelines by evaluating baseline clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients with spinal cord astrocytoma (SCA). Overview of Literature: The optimal management of SCA remains controversial, and there are no standard guidelines. Methods: The study included 20 patients with low-grade and 13 with high-grade SCA surgically treated between 1989 and 2014. Patients were classified according to the extent of surgical resection. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier plots and compared between groups by log-rank tests. Neurological status was defined by the modified McCormick scale and compared between groups by Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: Surgical resection was performed for 19 of 20 low-grade (95%) and 10 of 13 high-grade (76.9%) SCA patients. Only nine patients (27.3%) underwent gross total resection, all of whom had low-grade SCA. Of all patients, 51.5% showed deteriorated neurological status compared to preoperative baseline. Median overall survival was significantly longer for low-grade SCA than that for high-grade SCA (91 months, 78% at 5 years vs. 15 months, 31% at 5 years; p =0.007). Low-grade SCA patients benefited from more aggressive resection, whereas high-grade SCA patients did not. Multivariate analysis revealed histology status (hazard ratio [HR], 0.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09–0.98; p <0.05) and postoperative neurological status (HR, 0.12; CI, 0.02–0.95; p <0.05) as independent predictors of longer overall survival. Adjuvant radiotherapy had no significant impact on survival rate. However, a trend for increased survival was observed with radiation cordotomy (RCT) in high-grade SCA patients. Conclusions: Aggressive resection for low-grade and RCT for high-grade SCA may prolong survival. Preservation of neurological status is an important treatment goal. Given the low incidence of SCA, establishing strong collaborative, interdisciplinary, and multiinstitutional study groups is necessary to define optimal treatments.
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