Dietary Supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus Extract Modulates Gut Microflora in Weaned Piglets

Yin, Fugui,Yin, Yulong,Kong, Xiangfeng,Liu, Yulan,He, Qinghua,Li, Tiejun,Huang, Ruilin,Hou, Yongqing,Shu, Xugang,Tan, Liangxi,Chen, Lixiang,Gong, Jianhua,Kim, Sung Woo,Wu, Guoyao Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.9

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) as a dietary additive on gut microflora in weaned piglets. A total of sixty pigs were weaned at 21 d of age (BW = $5.64{\pm}0.23kg$) and allocated on the basis of BW and litter to three dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. The dietary treatments were: control group (basal diet), antibiotics group (basal diet+0.02% colistin), and ASE group (basal diet+0.1% ASE). On d 7, 14 and 28 after consuming the experimental diets, five piglets per group were sacrificed and then the contents from the jejunum, ileum and cecum were collected to determine changes in the microbial community by using a polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technique and estimating the contents of Lactobacillus and E. coli by in vitro culturing methods. The results showed that the ASE promoted the microflora diversity in the cecum. Enumeration of bacteria in the gut contents showed that the number of Lactobacillus increased (p<0.05), while that of E. coli decreased (p<0.05) when compared with the other 2 groups as the days of age progressed post-weaning. These findings suggested that the ASE, as a substitute for dietary antimicrobial products, could improve the development of the normal gut microflora and suppress bacterial pathogens, and effectively promote a healthy intestinal environment.

중국 현대소설에서의 경제의식

박은숙(Yin Shu Piao) 한국현대소설학회 2001 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.14

Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Poultry Enteric Fermentation

Wang, Shu-Yin,Huang, Da-Ji Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.6

Emissions of nitrous oxide (N$_2$O) and methane (CH$_4$) from poultry enteric fermentation were investigated using a respiration chamber. Birds were placed in a respiration chamber for certain intervals during their growing period or for the whole life cycle. The accumulated gas inside the chamber was sampled and analyzed for N$_2$O and CH$_4$ production. A curve for gas production during a life cycle was fitted. The calculated area under the curve estimated the emission factor of poultry enteric fermentation on a life cycle basis (mg bird$^{-1}$ life cycle$^{-1}$). This method can be used to estimate CH$_4$ or N$_2$O emissions from different types of avian species taking into account factors such as diet, season or thermal effects. The CH$_4$/N$_2$O emission factors estimated for commercial broiler chickens, Taiwan country chickens and White Roman Geese were 15.87/0.03, 84.8/16.4 and 1,500/49 (mg bird$^{-1}$ life cycle$^{-1}$), respectively, while the calculated CH$_4$/N$_2$O emission from enteric fermentations were 3.03/0.006, 14.73/2.84 and 9.5/0.31 (Mg year$^{-1}$), respectively in Taiwan in the year of 2000. The described method is applicable to most poultry species and the reported emission factors were applicable to meat type poultry only.

과시소비성향, 판매촉진과 제조국 이미지가 중국여성소비자의 패션 명품 구매태도에 미치는 영향

윤서(Yin Shu),황선진(Sun Jin Hwang),변유선(Yoo Sun Byun) 한국복식학회 2012 服飾 Vol.62 No.1

The purposes of this study were study intended to investigate effects of conspicuous consumption, sales promotions and images of the country of manufacture on Chinese consumers` purchasing attitudes to fashion luxury brands. The study was conducted by experimental conspicuous consumption(2)X[types of sales promotions(2) X images of the country of manufacture(2)] design by combining the 3 variables mentioned above. 312 women living in Chengdu were collected for this study. For data analysis, factor analysis, T-test, frequency analysis and ANOVA were used. The results were as follows: First, Chinese consumers` favor to fashion luxury brands: 2-way interactions, in sales promotions and images of the country of manufacture, was found for favor to fashion luxury brands. Second, Chinese consumers` purchase intent to fashion luxury brands: only the main-effects of conspicuous consumption and images of the country of manufacture was meaningfully positive. It demonstrates that only conspicuous consumption and images of the country of manufacture effected Chinese consumers` purchase intent to fashion luxury brands.

“과제해결식” 한국문학 교육 방안 연구

박은숙(Piao, Yin Shu) 동악어문학회 2013 동악어문학 Vol.61 No.-

중국의 한국문학 교육은 의사소통 능력 양성을 중요시하는 기능 중심의 교육 분위기 속에서 한국문학 교육 경시현상으로 인해 큰 난항을 겪고 있다. 이는 관련 교과목 개설과 교육 시간의 절대적인 부족에서 단적으로 드러난다. 중국에서 한국어교육은 이수 학점과 교육시간의 제한을 받아 필요한 교과목과 교육 시간을 더 늘릴 수 없는 실정이다. 이러한 교육 현실에서 쟁점적ㆍ핵심적ㆍ대표적ㆍ민족적인 특성의 한국문학 교육 내용을 선정해 공부하고 그 과제들에 대한 깊이 있는 토론과 이해를 하게 된다면 한국문학에서 필히 공부해야 하는 내용은 거의 섭렵하게 될 것이다. 이런 과제 해결의 방안은 한국문학사, 한국문학작품 이해를 실현할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 한국 사회와 문화 및 한국 사람들의 사상을 이해하는 목적도 실현할 수 있을 것이다. 무엇보다 한국문학 교육 시간 부족으로 인해 파생되는 문제를 어느 정도 극복할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. 교육 방법으로는 한 과제에 대한 학습자들의 사전 충분한 준비와 수업 과정에서의 질의, 토론, 생각의 수정과 보완 등 과정을 거치면서 해당 과제에 대한 정리된 답을 얻도록 한다. 이외에 중국문학과의 비교의 방법, 졸업논문이나 연구 주제로의 연장, 전공 수업과의 유기적 협동, 번역을 활용한 방법 등을 함께 활용할 수 있다. 과제해결식 한국문학 교육방법은 교육 목표, 교육 내용이 명확하고 학습자들의 문제의식을 키워주는 등 장점이 있는 방법이라 하겠다. In Chinese universities, Korean education is weighted more on teaching of communication skills, so, the Korean literature education is less weighted, and is facing much difficulties. This problem is presented clearly in Korean education curriculum, and absolute insufficiency for lecture hours(credits) for literature courses. In most universities, the necessary Korean literature lectures are limited on credits and lecture hours. Under such a situation, only the core, representative, ethnological and controversial points were selected and adopted for study, discussion and understanding in literature lectures. In the process, most necessary key points will be included in lectures. This kinds of problem-based task solving methods is not only useful for students" understanding of Korean literature history and works, but also good for their quick understanding of Korean society, culture, and people and their philosophy. Furthermore, this methods can also solve the problem of other problems stem from the time limitation in literature courses. In teaching, it is necessary for students have sufficient prepare for the lecture, and need for their questioning, discussion, correction and complementation of their knowledge, and get the solutions for these problems. On the other hands, Korean literature education can be conducted under other methods such as comparison with Chinese literature, further study with students" gradation paper, aggregate with students" other lectures, translation of literature works etc. The problem=based Korean literature education methods is clear of education objective and contents, and easy for students to master the solution of problem. So, it is a efficiency methodology for Korean literature education in Chinese universities.

“滿洲國” 建國精神과 六堂의 不咸文化論

朴銀淑(Piao Yin Shu) 동악어문학회 2008 동악어문학 Vol.51 No.-

일제시기 한반도는 일제의 식민지 전제통치로 인해 민족 전체가 생사존망의 위기에 처하게 된다. 일제는 자신들의 침략행위와 식민지 통치를 합리화ㆍ정당화하기 위해 역사를 왜곡하고 날조하는 추태를 보여주기도 했다. 이러한 현상은 일제말기 중국의 동북을 무력으로 강점하고 “만주국”이라는 괴리정권을 세워 五族協和, 日滿不可分論을 건국정신으로 삼았던 데서도 여실히 드러난다. 최남선은 일제시기 한민족의 대표적 문인이며 지성이었다. 그는 신체시로 한 국근대문학을 향한 발걸음을 재촉했으며 한민족의 거사인 3.1독립운동에서 독립선언문을 기초하는 등 민족지도부의 한 사람으로 활동했다. 그러나 일제말기에 그는 만주국의 건국대학에 교수로 초빙되어 가 그곳에서 「불함문화론」, 「단군론」 등의 글을 발표하고 일제의 대동아전쟁을 위해 조선의 젊은이들을 전장으로 동원시키는 시국강연 등을 했다는 이유로 그에게는 항상 ‘친일문인’이라는 딱지가 붙어 다녔다. 그러나 그의 문단 활동초기부터 만주국 건국대학 교수로 있는 기간의 활동을 고찰해 보면 그의 소위 친일행적은 단순히 일신의 안일을 위한 친일행위로만 규정할 수 없는 주권부재의 역사적 상황 속에서 민족의 주체성을 주장하기 위한 그 나름대로의 방안 모색이었다고 사료된다. 즉 한국의 단군신화를 비롯한 민족의 전통문화를 동북아문화의 핵심에 자리매김하면서 일본과 만주국을 비롯한 동북아의 문화는 한민족의 전통문화에서 비롯되었음을 논증하면서 비록 한민족은 주권을 상실하였지만 유구하고 훌륭한 문화전통을 계승하고 지켜 나가면서 민족의 보존, 나아가 실력 양성을 통한 민족의 자립을 이룩하고자 하는 강렬한 염원을 표출했다고 하겠다. In the age of Japanese occupation, Korea Peninsula was conquered by the Japanese Colonialist, and the whole nation faced with a fatal danger of ruin. To justify its Korean occupation and conquer, the Japanese occupiers always tried to twist or fabricate some ‘history’. These kinds of wickedness was showed from the evil that they help to establish the Manchuria puppet government in North-east. China in the end period of Korean occupation, and set the ‘five-nations harmony’ and ‘Japan-Manchuria indivisibility’ as the basic doctrine for the puppet government. Choi Nam-son was one of the representative Korean writers and intellectual in the Japanese occupation era. He pushed modern Korean literature movement actively with New-Style Poets and was one of the organizer and director of the famous March-First Independence Movement. But in the end years of Japanese occupation, he was invited to be a professor of ‘Jian Guo(建國)’ university in Manchuria, wrote essays like ‘Bul-ham culture study’(不咸文化論), and ‘A Doctrine on Tangun’ and always named as a pro-Japanese writer from then, as he once gave speeches on promoting Koreans to take part in the Japanese army to fight to East-Asia. By a critical review on his activities from his earlier writing to his professorate in Jian-Guo University, we can see that he should not simple be treated as a pro-Japanese writers just for seeking ease of himself. He was just doing his best to find ways to advocate and persist the identity of nationality under the situation of ruin of his country. He emphasized that Tangun mythology to be the center or core of North-East Asia culture, and tried to demonstrate Japan and Manchuria is under the coverage of ancient Korean Culture. Through which, he tried to show that, though Korea lost its sovereignty, Koreans can be reserved and even independent by succeeding to their splendid traditions and cultures.

혐기성 소화에 미치는 온도와 슬러지의 농도별 고분자 활엽수 리그닌의 영향

윤성일(Cheng Ri Yin),서동일(Dong Il Seo),이성택(Sung Taik Lee),김은숙(Yin Shu Jin) 大韓環境工學會 2000 대한환경공학회지 Vol.22 No.12

Early Recognition of Pediatric Strokes in the Emergency Department: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Factors Impeding Stroke Diagnosis in Children

Si Qi Tan(Si Qi Tan),Wen Qi Cher(Wen Qi Cher),Shu-Ling Chong(Shu-Ling Chong),Angelina Su Yin Ang(Angelina Su Yin Ang ),Sashikumar Ganapathy(Sashikumar Ganapathy ),Derrick Wei Shih Chan(Derrick Wei Shi 대한소아신경학회 2022 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Purpose: Strokes are challenging to diagnose in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) as level of suspicion is low and atypical presentations are common. We analyzed clinical features, epidemiology and factors of delayed identification in arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) and hemorrhagic strokes (HS). Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of children aged between 29 days and 18 years old diagnosed with stroke between July 2016 to June 2021. Results: Among 36 children, 11 (30.5%) had AIS, 25 (69.4%) had HS. Median age for AIS was 9 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2 to 9) and HS 9 years (IQR, 1 to 11.5) (P=0.715). Focal neurological deficit was seen in 72.7% of AIS and 20% of HS (P=0.006). Only 18.2% of AIS and 52.0% of HS presented within 6 hours of symptoms. Median time from symptom onset to ED presentation was 24 hours (IQR, 12 to 28) for AIS and 7 hours (IQR, 1.8 to 48) for HS (P=0.595). Most (85.6%) arrived by own transport. Median time from presentation to neuroimaging was 7 hours (IQR, 0.9 to 7) for AIS and 4.8 (IQR, 1.3 to 16.8) hours for HS (P=0.376). Eleven patients, 9/25 (36.0%) HS and 2/11 (18.2%) AIS, did not have stroke as differential diagnosis at ED (P=0.714). Common initial diagnoses were viral illness or headaches. On univariate analysis, age <1 (odds ratio [OR], 17.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 250.4; P=0.035) and absence of focal neurological deficit (OR, 13.091; 95% CI, 1.5 to 117.9; P=0.022) were significant factors for delayed identification. Conclusion: Index of suspicion for pediatric strokes among caregivers and clinicians should be increased. Public awareness campaigns are recommended.

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIAPHRAGM PUMP FOR UREA-SCR SYSTEMS

Shu Dong Yang,You Cheng Shi,Xi Wei Pan,Yin Shui Liu 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.4

Urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is the primary technology used to reduce the nitrogen oxides (NOx) of diesel engine exhaust. To meet the requirements of an SCR system, a novel type of miniature diaphragm pump was designed. Based on the theory of large deflection of annular plates, the equilibrium equations of a diaphragm with a rigid inclusion were established, and the equations were solved by the nondimensional method and the finite difference method. Theoretical and approximated flow model for this pump were proposed. A theoretical relationship between back pressure, rigid inclusion size and volumetric efficiencies were calculated. To verify the validity of theoretical model, a prototype pump was fabricated and tested. Experimental results demonstrated that the flow is proportional to the pump speed. The deviation between theoretical, approximated flow and experimental flow was less than 4 % and 9.4 %, respectively. The difference between theoretical and experimental volumetric efficiency was varied from 2.7 % to 6.1 % when back pressure changed from 0 to 0.9 MPa. The volumetric efficiency was growing with the increasing of the rigid inclusion size. The pressures in the working chamber showed almost the same overall trends between the theoretical results and experimental values. The experimental results show that the proposed theoretical model is effective.

Effects of Exercise on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Shu-Ya Yang,Shou-Jen Lan,Yea-Yin Yen,Yen-Ping Hsieh,Pei-Tseng Kung,Shao-Huan Lan 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: Sleep quality was considered a priority concern facing pregnant women. Conventional wisdom argues that good sleep quality benefits pregnant women and their fetuses. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of a specific exercise program on the sleep quality in pregnant women. Methods: Searches were executed in seven databases since their inceptions until February 28, 2019, for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of an exercise program on the sleep quality and insomnia in pregnant women. A random-effects model was applied for meta-analysis, and odds ratio, mean differences (MDs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are shown as parts of outcomes. Results: Seven studies were included for meta-analysis. Compared with their not-exercising counterparts, analyses showed that regularly exercising women had significantly enhanced sleep quality, with an odds ratio of 6.21 (95% CI, 2.02–19.11;p = .001; I2 = 80.2%), with a standardized MD of −0.93 (95% CI, −1.19 to −0.67; p < .001; I2 = 30.0%). However, exercising women showed no significant insomnia improvement, with an standardized MD of −2.85 (95% CI, −7.67 to 1.98; p = .250; I2 = 97.0%), relative to their not-exercising counterparts. Conclusion: This research indicated that exercise has a positive impact on the sleep quality of pregnant women. Despite the aforementioned positive impact on sleep quality, the present study did not find evidence to support that exercise may also improve insomnia for pregnant women.