http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Shashank Rajkumar (검색결과 2 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease
Shervin Rahimpour,Shashank Rajkumar,Mark Hallett 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2022 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.15 No.1
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Although the basal ganglia is traditionally the primary brain region implicated in this disease process, this limited view ignores the roles of the cortex and cerebellum that are networked with the basal ganglia to support motor and cognitive functions. In particular, recent research has highlighted dysfunction in the supplementary motor complex (SMC) in patients with PD. Using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, we identified research articles using keywords pertaining to the involvement of the SMC in action sequencing impairments, temporal processing disturbances, and gait impairment in patients with PD. A review of abstracts and full-text articles was used to identify relevant articles. In this review of 63 articles, we focus on the role of the SMC in PD, highlighting anatomical and functional data to create new perspectives in understanding clinical symptoms and, potentially, new therapeutic targets. The SMC has a nuanced role in the pathophysiology of PD, with both hypo- and hyperactivation associated with various symptoms. Further studies using more standardized patient populations and functional tasks are needed to more clearly elucidate the role of this region in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD.
-
Terbinafine hydrochloride loaded nanoemulsion based gel for topical application
V. V. S. Narayana Reddy Karri,Suresh Kumar Raman,Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy,Shashank Mulukutla,Shanmugam Ramaswamy,Rajkumar Malayandi 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.1
The objective of the present study was todesign and develop topical nanoemulsion based TerbinafineHCl (TBH) gel to increase its permeability and efficacyusing rat as an animal model. Nanoemulsions wereprepared by two different techniques viz. high pressurehomogenization and high speed homogenization, the preparednanoemulsions were incorporated into carbomer gelto obtain nanoemulsion based gel, which designated asGel-P and Gel-S respectively. The developed gels wereevaluated for drug content, stability, spreadability, andin vitro permeation using pork skin. The in vivo antifungalefficacy of the developed gels was assessed in albino Wistarrats. The globule size obtained by high pressurehomogenization was less than 2 nm in radius (r.nm) andthat by high speed homogenization was less than 10 r.nm. In vitro permeation studies revealed that Gel-P(51.19 ± 0.81 %) had higher permeation when comparedto Gel-S (31.72 ± 1.12 %) and marketed cream(19.78 ± 1.01 %) which is essential to treat topical fungaldiseases. In vivo antifungal studies in Wistar rats infectedwith Trichophyton mentagrophytes revealed that topicalapplication of Gel-P and Gel-S cured the infection within3 days compared to 14 days for Marketed Cream (M.C). This study confirms that the nanoemulsion gels providedgreater permeation followed by cure rates of poorly solubleTBH in animal model and hence these systems could be thepreferred drug carriers for drugs intended for topical use toovercome the permeability and efficacy problems.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
