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Kim, Ji Yeon,Hwang, Joo-Yeon,Lee, Dae Yeon,Song, Eun Hyun,Park, Keon Jae,Kim, Gyu Hee,Jeong, Eun Ae,Lee, Yoo Jeong,Go, Min Jin,Kim, Dae Jin,Lee, Seong Su,Kim, Bong-Jo,Song, Jihyun,Roh, Gu Seob,Gao, Bi American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2014 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.289 No.39
<▼1><P><B>Background:</B> Chronic ethanol consumption induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and metabolic syndrome.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Ethanol-induced Atf3 inhibits glucokinase transcriptional activity through direct binding or Atf3/Pdx-1/Hdac1 axis on glucokinase promoter.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B> ATf3 fosters β-cell dysfunction via <I>Gck</I> down-regulation and triggers T2D, which is ameliorated by <I>in vivo Atf3</I> silencing.</P><P><B>Significance:</B> The presented data uncover a new role for Atf3 as a potential therapeutic target in treating type 2 diabetes.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Chronic ethanol consumption induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through glucokinase (Gck) nitration and down-regulation, leading to impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that <I>Gck</I> gene expression and promoter activity in pancreatic β-cells were suppressed by chronic ethanol exposure <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I>, whereas expression of activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3) and its binding to the putative Atf/Creb site (from −287 to −158 bp) on the <I>Gck</I> promoter were up-regulated. Furthermore, <I>in vitro</I> ethanol-induced Atf3 inhibited the positive effect of Pdx-1 on <I>Gck</I> transcriptional regulation, enhanced recruitment of Hdac1/2 and histone H3 deacetylation, and subsequently augmented the interaction of Hdac1/Pdx-1 on the <I>Gck</I> promoter, which were diminished by <I>Atf3</I> siRNA. <I>In vivo Atf3</I>-silencing reversed ethanol-mediated <I>Gck</I> down-regulation and β-cell dysfunction, followed by the amelioration of impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Together, we identified that ethanol-induced <I>Atf3</I> fosters β-cell dysfunction via <I>Gck</I> down-regulation and that its loss ameliorates metabolic syndrome and could be a potential therapeutic target in treating type 2 diabetes. The <I>Atf3</I> gene is associated with the induction of type 2 diabetes and alcohol consumption-induced metabolic impairment and thus may be the major negative regulator for glucose homeostasis.</P></▼2>
Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Nano Size Ni-Ce/LaAlO3 Catalysts.
Kim, Seong-Hak,Go, Yoo-Jin,Park, Nam-Cook,Kim, Jong-Ho,Kim, Young-Chul,Moon, Dong-Ju American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.1
<P>In this work, hydrogen production from glycerol by Steam Reforming (SR) was studied by Ni-Ce catalysts supported on LaAlO3 perovskite in order to effect of the cerium loading amount and the reaction conditions. Nano size Ni-Ce/LaAlO3 catalysts were prepared by precipitation method. The structure of the catalysts was characterized by XRD analysis. The morphology, dispersion and the reduction properties of catalysts was examined by SEM, TEM, H2-chemisorption and TPR, respectively. It was found that 15 wt% Ni-5 wt% Ce/LaAlO3 catalyst showed the highest glycerol conversion and hydrogen selectivity. In addition, the catalyst also showed the high carbon dioxide selectivity and the lowest methane selectivity. The results indicate that the catalyst promotes methane reforming reaction. The highest activity in the 15 wt% Ni-5 wt% Ce/LaAlO3 was attributed to the proper cerium loading amount. Moreover, the lowest metal crystal size and rise in active site were found to have an effect on catalytic activity and hydrogen selectivity. The 15 wt% Ni-5 wt% Ce/LaAlO3 catalyst exhibited excellent performance with respect to hydrogen production at reaction temperature of 450 degrees C, at atmospheric pressure, 20 wt% glycerol solution and GHSV = 6,000 mL/g-cat x hr.</P>
Simple, Large-Scale Patterning of Hydrophobic ZnO Nanorod Arrays
Kim, Seong Been,Lee, Won Woo,Yi, Jaeseok,Park, Won Il,Kim, Jin-Sang,Nichols, William T. American Chemical Society 2012 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.4 No.8
<P>Here we describe a simple, versatile technique to produce large-scale arrays of highly ordered ZnO nanorods. Patterning of three distinct ZnO crystal morphologies is demonstrated through use of different ZnO seed layers. Array formation is accomplished through a simple variation on nanosphere lithography that imprints a thickness variation across a PMMA mask layer. The area of exposed seed layer is controlled through etching time in an oxygen plasma. Subsequent hydrothermal growth from the patterned seed layer produces high-quality ZnO crystals in uniform arrays. The high uniformity of the patterned array is shown to induce a high contact angle hydrophobic state even without the need for chemical modification of the ZnO surface. This technique provides a straightforward way to integrate the optical and electrical properties of high-quality ZnO nanorods with the tunable fluidic properties at the surface of well-ordered arrays.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2012/aamick.2012.4.issue-8/am3007142/production/images/medium/am-2012-007142_0007.gif'></P>
Effects of dietary supplementation with probiotic CS-A on performance in broiler chickens
Seong Soo Kang1*, Se Eun Kim, Ara Go, Kyung Mi Shim, Chun Sik Bae, Chang Jong Moon, Sung-Ho Kim, Jong-Choon Kim, Jin-Cheol Yoo, Seung Sik Cho 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3
Probiotics, enzymes, organic acids, oligosaccharides, antioxidants, and other functional materials are actively being explored as alternatives to antibiotics. Probiotics include live beneficial microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract and competitively inhibit attachment and growth of harmful microbes. Probiotics also increase feed efficiency by assisting in nutrient absorption and digestion. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a new probiotic, CS-A, as a dietary supplement of a fermented product on growth performance, feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency in broiler chickens, and to evaluate its value as an alternative for antibiotics used as a feed additive. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of CS-A were investigated in vitro and the in vivo effects of a constant concentration of supplemented CS-A on growth rate and feed efficiency were evaluated. In addition, the safety of CS-A was assessed by examination of common symptoms and mortality. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration revealed an excellent antibacterial effect of CS-A. Cytotoxicity was low and anti-inflammatory effects were achieved at the effective concentration of CS-A. Supplementation with 0.1% CS-A resulted in a feed efficiency score of 1.84 in broilers, compared to 2.00 in the control group. There were no adverse clinical findings, necropsy findings, hematology, and altered serum biochemistry parameters, and no mortality. Thus, it is concluded that CS-A is safe and effective as a feed additive.
Spin precession and spin-charge conversion in a strong Rashba channel at room temperature
Seong Been Kim,Jeehoon Jeon,Hyung-jun Kim,Joonyeon Chang,Hyun Cheol Koo 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.4
The detection of spin current injected from the ferromagnet source to the semiconductor channel is very challenging due tothe low injection effi ciency at the interface. Especially, it is diffi cult to detect the spin precession signal in a strong Rashbasystem without a signal decay. In a semiconductor system, the spin Hall angle is much larger than the spin injection effi ciency,so the spin Hall eff ect is utilized for room temperature operation of the semiconductor-based Rashba devices. To realize spintransport device induce by the spin-charge and charge-spin conversions, the direct spin Hall eff ect (DSHE) and the inversespin Hall eff ect (ISHE) are adopted, respectively. The spin current is clearly detected up to room temperature and the spintransport signal agrees to the temperature dependence of the Rashba eff ect. From these spin transport signals, we suggestanother option to extract Rashba parameters from cryogenic temperature to room temperature. The both signals of DSHEand ISHE also confi rm the Onsager Reciprocity in a Rashba system.