Patient Characteristics, Length of Stay, Cost of Care, and Complications in Super-Obese Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A National Database Study

Senthil Sambandam,Philip Serbin,Tejas Senthil,Sushrruti Varatharaj,Vishaal Sakthivelnathan,Sruthi Priyavadhana Ramanan,Varatharaj Mounasamy 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.3

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative complication rates in super-obese (SO) patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 kg/m2 undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus non-super-obese (NSO) patients undergoing THA. Methods: In this retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, 1,646 cases of THA in SO (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2) patients were reviewed. We used International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes to assess postoperative variables including length of stay, cost of care (cost of inpatient hospitalization), and medical and surgical complications among SO patients undergoing THA compared to NSO patients before being discharged. Results: A comparison of demographic variables showed there were more women in both groups and nearly 17.2% of SO patients were diabetic patients, 11.1% of SO patients were tobacco users, and 74.8% of the SO patients were whites (African American, 15.1%; Hispanic, 2.9%). The mean length of stay was 3.43 days in the SO group and 2.32 days in the NSO group, and this difference was statistically significant. The cost of care was $79,784.64 for the SO group, which was significantly higher than $66,821.75 for the NSO group. The SO group also showed higher odds of developing medical complications such as anemia (odds ratio [OR], 1.555; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.395–1.734; p < 0.001), acute renal failure (OR, 3.375; 95% CI, 2.816–4.045; p < 0.001), pneumonia (OR, 2.319; 95% CI, 1.241–4.331; p = 0.014), and need for blood transfusion (OR, 1.596; 95% CI, 1.289–1.975; p < 0.001). The SO patients also showed a higher risk of several postoperative surgical complications such as periprosthetic fractures, infection, and wound dehiscence. Conclusions: Postoperative complication rates in SO patients were higher than those in the NSO group. Length of stay and cost of care were higher, whereas the mean age was lower for the SO group. Therefore, THA in SO patients should be undertaken only after careful consideration and preferably in a tertiary facility capable of handling all medical and surgical in-hospital complications

A Simple Method for Solving Type-2 and Type-4 Fuzzy Transportation Problems

Senthil Kumar, P. Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.16 No.4

In conventional transportation problem (TP), all the parameters are always certain. But, many of the real life situations in industry or organization, the parameters (supply, demand and cost) of the TP are not precise which are imprecise in nature in different factors like the market condition, variations in rates of diesel, traffic jams, weather in hilly areas, capacity of men and machine, long power cut, labourer's over time work, unexpected failures in machine, seasonal changes and many more. To counter these problems, depending on the nature of the parameters, the TP is classified into two categories namely type-2 and type-4 fuzzy transportation problems (FTPs) under uncertain environment and formulates the problem and utilizes the trapezoidal fuzzy number (TrFN) to solve the TP. The existing ranking procedure of Liou and Wang (1992) is used to transform the type-2 and type-4 FTPs into a crisp one so that the conventional method may be applied to solve the TP. Moreover, the solution procedure differs from TP to type-2 and type-4 FTPs in allocation step only. Therefore a simple and efficient method denoted by PSK (P. Senthil Kumar) method is proposed to obtain an optimal solution in terms of TrFNs. From this fuzzy solution, the decision maker (DM) can decide the level of acceptance for the transportation cost or profit. Thus, the major applications of fuzzy set theory are widely used in areas such as inventory control, communication network, aggregate planning, employment scheduling, and personnel assignment and so on.

Real Gas Effects of Supercritical CO₂ Flow through a Supersonic Nozzle Senthil kumar Raman and Heuy Dong Kim

Senthil kumar Raman,Heuy Dong Kim 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2016 No.12

The unique characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO₂) are reason enough to find its use in various engineering applications. But still usability of SCO₂ is not completely explored due to lack of knowledge about its real gas effects. The present study mainly addresses the real gas effects on supercritical CO₂ flow through a supersonic convergent-divergent nozzle. With series of theoretical equations which are based on one-dimensional gas dynamics theory, computer program has been developed to predict the compressible flow characteristics of supercritical CO₂. With the data obtained from the computer program, properties of supercritical CO₂ near critical point is theoretically analyzed with different EOS. Computational analysis also has been carried out to reasonably predict the SCO₂ flows. The deviation in prediction of properties of SCO₂ by a EOS from other one is addressed. Several types of the equations of state were applied to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. For effective use of available EOS, an attempt is made by coupling ideal gas EOS and real gas EOS to analyze the real gas effect of SCO₂. These results are compared with the computational results of SCO₂ flow through convergent divergent nozzle with a single real gas EOS. The obtained solutions were used to investigate the generic features of supercritical CO₂ flow, in terms of shock wave location, flow choking, total pressure loss, pressure recovery, etc.

A Simple Method for Solving Type-2 and Type-4 Fuzzy Transportation Problems

P. Senthil Kumar 한국지능시스템학회 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.16 No.4

In conventional transportation problem (TP), all the parameters are always certain. But, many of the real life situations in industry or organization, the parameters (supply, demand and cost) of the TP are not precise which are imprecise in nature in different factors like the market condition, variations in rates of diesel, traffic jams, weather in hilly areas, capacity of men and machine, long power cut, labourer’s over time work, unexpected failures in machine, seasonal changes and many more. To counter these problems, depending on the nature of the parameters, the TP is classified into two categories namely type-2 and type-4 fuzzy transportation problems (FTPs) under uncertain environment and formulates the problem and utilizes the trapezoidal fuzzy number (TrFN) to solve the TP. The existing ranking procedure of Liou and Wang (1992) is used to transform the type-2 and type-4 FTPs into a crisp one so that the conventional method may be applied to solve the TP. Moreover, the solution procedure differs from TP to type-2 and type-4 FTPs in allocation step only. Therefore a simple and efficient method denoted by PSK (P. Senthil Kumar) method is proposed to obtain an optimal solution in terms of TrFNs. From this fuzzy solution, the decision maker (DM) can decide the level of acceptance for the transportation cost or profit. Thus, the major applications of fuzzy set theory are widely used in areas such as inventory control, communication network, aggregate planning, employment scheduling, and personnel assignment and so on.

An Energy and Deadline-Aware Scheduler with Hybrid Optimization in Virtualized Clouds

Senthil Kumar Kandasamy,Anandamurugan Selvaraj 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.6

For virtualized cloud computing systems, energy conservation is a major challenge. It leads to several advantages like reducing running costs, protecting the environment, and bringing down running costs. Simultaneously, a strategy for energy-efficient task scheduling can be a suitable method to attain these objectives. Another major challenge during scheduling is mapping cloud resources to various user requests within a user-defined deadline with minimal consumption of cloud resources. In this work, using intelligent metaheuristic algorithms for processing the requests and tasks of users to maintain deadlines and to minimize the energy usage is proposed. This work proposed an energy and deadline aware scheduling method in a heterogeneous and virtualized cloud for resolving energy consumption issues. For this work, a mutated particle swarm optimization (PSO), mutated artificial bee colony (ABC), and hybrid ABC–PSO were used to reduce the average makespan, increasing the resource utilization under a constraint of a deadline. For this model, the tasks are arranged in an ascending order based on the priority of length, label the state of the VM, thus achieving the constraint of a deadline after which the tasks are mapped to a VM with a minimum processing time. The idea behind the proposed algorithm was improving both scheduling and deadline in cloud computing using both local and global algorithms. The outcome of the simulation shows that the method will help in attaining good performance compared to the current techniques.

Characterization and Expression Profiling of the CBF/DREB Genes Family in Brassica oleracea

Senthil Kumar Thamil Arasan,Jong-In Park,Nasar Uddin Ahmed,Hee-Jeong Jung,Ill-Sup Nou 한국원예학회 2013 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2013 No.5

Fingerprinting in Cucumber and Melon (Cucumis spp.) Genotypes Using Morphological and ISSR Markers

Senthil Natesan,Rajiv Krishna Parvathaneni,Ashok Arunachalam Devaraj,Raveendran Muthuraja,Rajasree Venkatachalam,Arun Prathap Subramani,Pugalendhi Laxmanan 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

In the present investigation, 13 Cucumis genotypes from different geographical areas of India were screened for genetic diversity using 19 morphological traits and 15 ISSR primers. The analysis of morphological traits grouped the accessions into six clusters. Cluster V contained the maximum number of genotypes namely Kanivellari, Long Green, Andaman Local, Perundurai Local, and Sempatti Local. Clusters I and VI contained the minimum number of genotypes. Among all the characters, the highest mean value was observed in fruit length (23.38) and the lowest mean value was observed in stripes on the blossom end (1.31). The 15 ISSR primers generated 109 polymorphic alleles. The average number of ISSR alleles generated was 8.3 per primer and the level of polymorphism was 87.20%. The ISSR primer UBC 825 was highly informative with a PIC value of 0.8934. The 13 genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on ISSR markers. Cluster III contained the maximum number of genotypes, namely Kanivellari,Sankagiri Local, Perundurai Local, Long Melon, and Sempatti Local, while Clusters I, II, IV, and V (Karur Local, Andaman Local,Edapaddi Local, and N 78, respectively) contained the minimum number of genotypes. The ISSR profile generated genotypes specific allele namely, UBC812_(700bp) and UBC812_(1000bp) for Cluster VI which contained Cucumis genotypes collected from the northern part of India. Similarly, UBC 808 produced specific allele UBC808_(650bp) formed in Cluster III which contained genotypes collected from Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

Transcriptome Characterization and Identification of Cold Responsive Genes in Brassica oleracea

Senthil Kumar Thamil Arasan,Jong-In Park,Hee-Jeong Jung,Nasar Uddin Ahmed,Hye-Ran Kim,Mi-Young Chung,Yoonkang Hur,Ill-Sup Nou 한국원예학회 2013 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2013 No.10

Effect of barrier growth temperature on morphological evolution of green InGaN/GaN multi-quantum well heterostructures

Senthil Kumar, M,Park, J Y,Lee, Y S,Chung, S J,Hong, C-H,Suh, E-K Institute of Physics [etc.] 2007 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.40 No.17

<P>Surface morphology of green InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) on a sapphire substrate with various high temperature grown GaN barriers has been evaluated. Keeping the InGaN well growth temperature constant at 740 °C, a series of MQWs were grown with GaN barrier temperatures varied up to 910 °C. GaN barriers grown below 800 °C lead to the generation of a high density of V-defects and inclusions embedded within V-defects as observed by atomic force microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy and cathodoluminescence (CL) studies revealed that the embedded inclusions are of two kinds: one of them appears as bright spots in CL mapping while the other appears as the surrounding region. Temperature ramping and subsequent interruption for GaN barrier growth suppresses both kinds of inclusion defects and also significantly reduces the V-defect density. An inclusion-free smooth surface is obtained for green emitting InGaN/GaN MQWs with the GaN barrier grown at 910 °C.</P>

Experimental investigation of palm kernel fibre reinforced epoxy based composite

Senthil Kumar KM,Thirumalai Ramanathan,Seenivasan Murugesan,Venugopal Thangamuthu 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.6

The composite specimen consisting of eight layers of palm kernel and coir fibers with different weight proportions wereprepared through hand lay-up technique. The experimental investigation of delamination factor, surface roughness, machiningforce and tool life are carried out in this work. The hand layup technique was used for the processing of the compositematerial, which constitutes the epoxy resin as the matrix material and fibre as the reinforcing material. Also silicon carbidewas added to the composite material in several percentages to increase the strength of the composite material. The specimenwas tested according to the testing standards and the values of surface roughness, delamination factor, machining force andtool life were recorded. ANOVA and Taguchi analysis for all responses were carried out and discussed here.