http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Seiler, Roger,Eppenberger, Patrick,Ruhli, Frank Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2018 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.48 No.3
Purpose: In the age of X-ray computed tomography (CT) and digital volume tomography (DVT), with their outstanding post-processing capabilities, indications for planar radiography for the study of the dentition of ancient Egyptian mummies may easily be overlooked. In this article, the advantages and limitations of different approaches and projections are discussed for planar oral and maxillofacial radiography using portable digital X-ray equipment during archaeological excavations. Furthermore, recommendations are provided regarding projections and sample positioning in this context. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 specimens, including 19 skeletonized mandibles, 14 skeletonized skulls, 18 separate mummified heads, and 4 partially preserved mummies were imaged using portable digital X-ray equipment in the course of archaeological excavations led by the University of Basel in the Valley of the Kings between 2009 and 2012. Images were evaluated by 2 authors with regard to the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures using a 4-point grading system(Likert scale). Results: Overall, the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures was rated highest by both authors on X-ray images acquired using a dental detector. The tube-shift technique in the lateral projections of mandibular dentition achieved the second-best rating, and lateral projections achieved the third-best rating. Conclusion: Conventional planar digital X-ray imaging, due to its ubiquity, remains an excellent method-and often the only practicable one-for examining the skulls and teeth of ancient Egyptian mummies under field conditions. Radiographic images of excellent diagnostic quality can be obtained, if an appropriate methodology regarding the selected projections and sample placement is followed.
Roger Seiler,Patrick Eppenberger,Frank Rühli 대한영상치의학회 2018 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.48 No.3
Purpose: In the age of X-ray computed tomography (CT) and digital volume tomography (DVT), with their outstanding post-processing capabilities, indications for planar radiography for the study of the dentition of ancient Egyptian mummies may easily be overlooked. In this article, the advantages and limitations of different approaches and projections are discussed for planar oral and maxillofacial radiography using portable digital X-ray equipment during archaeological excavations. Furthermore, recommendations are provided regarding projections and sample positioning in this context. Materials and Methods: A total of 55 specimens, including 19 skeletonized mandibles, 14 skeletonized skulls, 18 separate mummified heads, and 4 partially preserved mummies were imaged using portable digital X-ray equipment in the course of archaeological excavations led by the University of Basel in the Valley of the Kings between 2009 and 2012. Images were evaluated by 2 authors with regard to the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures using a 4 -point grading system (Likert scale). Results: Overall, the visibility of diagnostically relevant dental structures was rated highest by both authors on X-ray images acquired using a dental detector. The tube-shift technique in the lateral projections of mandibular dentition achieved the second-best rating, and lateral projections achieved the third-best rating. Conclusion: Conventional planar digital X-ray imaging, due to its ubiquity, remains an excellent method-and often the only practicable one-for examining the skulls and teeth of ancient Egyptian mummies under field conditions. Radiographic images of excellent diagnostic quality can be obtained, if an appropriate methodology regarding the selected projections and sample placement is followed.
Flexible Optical Waveguides for Uniform Periscleral Cross-Linking
Kwok, Sheldon J. J.,Kim, Moonseok,Lin, Harvey H.,Seiler, Theo G.,Beck, Eric,Shao, Peng,Kochevar, Irene E.,Seiler, Theo,Yun, Seok-Hyun The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthal 2017 Investigative ophthalmology & visual science Vol.58 No.5
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Scleral cross-linking (SXL) with a photosensitizer and light is a potential strategy to mechanically reinforce the sclera and prevent progressive axial elongation responsible for severe myopia. Current approaches for light delivery to the sclera are cumbersome, do not provide uniform illumination, and only treat a limited area of sclera. To overcome these challenges, we developed flexible optical waveguides optimized for efficient, homogeneous light delivery.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Waveguides were fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Blue light (445 nm) is coupled into the waveguide with an input fiber. Light delivery efficiency from the waveguide to scleral tissue was measured and fit to a theoretical model. SXL was performed on fresh porcine eyes stained with 0.5% riboflavin, using irradiances of 0, 25, and 50 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> around the entire equator of the eye. Stiffness of scleral strips was characterized with tensiometry.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Light delivery with a waveguide of tapered thickness (1.4–0.5 mm) enhanced the uniformity of light delivery, compared to a flat waveguide, achieving a coefficient of variation of less than 10%. At 8% strain, sclera cross-linked with the waveguides at 50 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> for 30 minutes had a Young's modulus of 10.7 ± 1.0 MPa, compared to 5.9 ± 0.5 MPa for no irradiation, with no difference in stiffness between proximally and distally treated halves. The stiffness of waveguide-irradiated samples did not differ from direct irradiation at the same irradiance.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>We developed flexible waveguides for periscleral cross-linking. We demonstrated efficient and uniform stiffening of a 5-mm-wide equatorial band of scleral tissue.</P>
A Wearable Real-time Activity Tracker
Ulf Jensen,Heike Leutheuser,Steffen Hofmann,Benno Schuepferling,Gerald Suttner,Kristin Seiler,Johannes Kornhuber,Bjoern M. Eskofier 대한의용생체공학회 2015 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.5 No.2
Purpose Exercise and physical activity is a driving force for mental health. Major challenges in the treatment of psychological diseases are accurate activity profiles and the adherence to exercise intervention programs. We present the development and validation of CHRONACT, a wearable realtime activity tracker based on inertial sensor data to support mental health. Methods CHRONACT comprised a Human Activity Recognition (HAR) algorithm that determined activity levels based on their Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) with sensors on ankle and wrist. Special emphasis was put on wearability, real-time data analysis and runtime to be able to use the system as augmented feedback device. For the development, data of 47 healthy subjects performing clinical intervention program activities were collected to train different classification models. The most suitable model according to the accuracy and processing power tradeoff was selected for an embedded implementation on CHRONACT. Results A validation trial (six subjects, 6 h of data) showed the accuracy of the system with a classification rate of 85.6%. The main source of error was identified in acyclic activities that contained activity bouts of neighboring classes. The runtime of the system was more than 7 days and continuous result logging was available for 39 h. Conclusions In future applications, the CHRONACT system can be used to create accurate and unobtrusive patient activity profiles. Furthermore, the system is ready to assess the effects of individual augmented feedback for exercise adherence.
Wong, Sook-San,Yoon, Sun-Woo,Zanin, Mark,Song, Min-Suk,Oshansky, Christine,Zaraket, Hassan,Sonnberg, Stephanie,Rubrum, Adam,Seiler, Patrick,Ferguson, Angela,Krauss, Scott,Cardona, Carol,Webby, Richard Elsevier 2014 Virology Vol.468 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The cleavage motif in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of highly pathogenic H5 and H7 subtypes of avian influenza viruses is characterized by a peptide insertion or a multibasic cleavage site (MBCS). Here, we isolated an H4N2 virus from quails (Quail/CA12) with two additional arginines in the HA cleavage site, PEK<B>RR</B>TR/G, forming an MBCS-like motif. Quail/CA12 is a reassortant virus with the HA and neuraminidase (NA) gene most similar to a duck-isolated H4N2 virus, PD/CA06 with a monobasic HA cleavage site. Quail/CA12 required exogenous trypsin for efficient growth in culture and caused no clinical illness in infected chickens. Quail/CA12 had high binding preference for α2,6-linked sialic acids and showed higher replication and transmission ability in chickens and quails than PD/CA06. Although the H4N2 virus remained low pathogenic, these data suggests that the acquisition of MBCS in the field is not restricted to H5 or H7 subtypes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An H4N2 influenza virus with a multibasic cleavage site in the hemagglutinin protein was isolated from quails. </LI> <LI> This virus remained lowly pathogenic in chickens and required trypsin for <I>in vitro</I> growth. </LI> <LI> This virus showed higher preference for mammalian-type sialic acid receptors. </LI> <LI> This virus transmitted better in chicken than a duck-origin H4N2 virus. </LI> </UL> </P>