Evaluation of Traumatic Spine by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Correlation with Neurological Recovery

Sarita Magu,Deepak Singh,Rohtas Kanwar Yadav,Manju Bala 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.5

Study Design: Prospective study. Purpose: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with clinical profile and neurological status of the patient and to correlate the MRI findings with neurological recovery of the patients and predict the outcome. Overview of Literature: Previous studies have reported poor neurological recovery in patients with cord hemorrhage, as compared to cord edema in spine injury patients. High canal compromise, cord compression along with higher extent of cord injury also carries poor prognostic value. Methods: Neurological status of patients was assessed at the time of admission and discharge in as accordance with the American Spine Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale. Mean stay in hospital was 14.11±5.74 days. Neurological status at admission and neurological recovery at discharge was compared with various qualitative cord findings and quantitative parameters on MRI. In 27 patients, long-term follow-up was done at mean time of 285.9±43.94 days comparing same parameters. Results: Cord edema and normal cord was associated with favorable neurological outcome. Cord contusion showed lesser neurological recovery, as compared to cord edema. Cord hemorrhage was associated with worst neurological status at admission and poor neurological recovery. Mean canal compromise (MCC), mean spinal cord compression (MSCC) and lesion length values were higher in patients presenting with ASIA A impairment scale injury and showed decreasing trends towards ASIA E impairment scale injury. Patients showing neurological recovery had lower mean MCC, MSCC, and lesion length, as compared to patients showing no neurological recovery (p <0.05). Conclusions: Cord hemorrhage, higher MCC, MSCC, and lesion length values have poor prognostic value in spine injury patients.

Efficacy of Three Different Plant Species for Arsenic Phytoextraction from Hydroponic System

Sarita Tiwari,Bijaya Ketan Sarangi,Ram Avatar Pandey 대한환경공학회 2014 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.19 No.2

Arsenic (As) is one of the heavy metals which causes acute bio-toxicity even at low concentration and has disastrous effect on environment. In some countries, As contamination has become alarming and increasing day by day as consequences of unsustainable management practices. Many existing physical, chemical and biological processes for As removal from water system are not feasible due to techno-economic limitations. The present study highlights the scope of biological strategy for As removal through phytoextraction. Arsenic uptake and accumulation in the biomass of three plant species and their As tolerance abilities have been investigated to develop an efficient phytoextraction system in combination of these plant species. Three non-crop plant species, Pteris vittata; Mimosa pudica, and Eichhornia crassipus were treated with 0.200 mg/L As in liquid nutrient solution for 14 days. P. vittata accumulated total 9,082.2 mg (8,223 mg in fronds) As/kg biomass and Eichhornia total 6,969 mg (4,517 mg in fronds)/kg biomass at 200 mg/L As concentration, respectively. Bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) were estimated to differentiate between excluders, accumulators and accumulation in above ground biomass. Pteris and Eichhornia have highest BF (67 and 17) and TF (64 and 3), respectively. In contrast, Mimosa accumulated up to 174 mg As/kg plant biomass which is low in comparison with other two plants, and both BF and TF were ≤1. This study reveals that Pteris and Eichhornia are As hyperaccumulator, and potential candidates for As removal from water system.

Estimation of Surface Runoff Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System

Sarita Gajbhiye 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.4

Accurate estimation of runoff and sediment yield amount is not only an important task in physiographic but also important for proper watershed management (Gajbhiye et al. 2014a; Gajbhiye 2015). Watershed is an ideal unit for planning and management of land and water resources (Gajbhiye et al. 2013; Gajbhiye et al. 2014d). Direct runoff in a catchment depends on soil type, land cover and rainfall. Of the many methods available for estimating runoff from rainfall, the curve number method (SCS-CN) is the most popular. The curve number depends upon soil and land use characteristics. This study was carried out in Kanhaiya nala watershed located in Satna district of Madhya Pradesh using remote sensing and GIS. The total area of watershed 19.53 km2. Soil map, Land Use and slope map were generated in GIS Environment. Since the curve number method is used here as a distributed model, it is necessary to get information concerning a large number of sub-catchments in the basin. Hence remote sensing and GIS techniques have been used. Landsat (ETM) satellite image was used to obtain land cover information by ERDAS 9.1 software. The thematic layers like soil map, elevation map, rainfall map and land cover map were created in Arc GIS 9.3. Curve numbers are assigned for different land cover and soil types. In present study the runoff varies from 1196.93 mm to 1551.17 mm of the study area.

Inheritance of resistance and cross resistance pattern in indoxacarb-resistant diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L

Sarita NEHARE,Basweshwar S. GHODKI,Gajanan K. LANDE,Vrushali PAWADE,Atul S. THAKARE 한국곤충학회 2010 Entomological Research Vol.40 No.1

Leaf-dip assay of Plutella xylostella against indoxacarb showed that the concentration that produced 50% mortality (LC50) of indoxacarb ranged from 20.1 to 11.9 ppm, with highest in Nasik and lowest levels in Coimbatore strains. In selection studies, the LC50 of indoxacarb was 18.5 ppm at generation 1 (G1), which increased to 31.3-fold (167.8 ppm) resistance after ten exposed generations (G10) as compared to unexposed. The LC50 of quinalphos was 74.4 ppm, which increased to 10.0-fold (631.5 ppm) resistance after G10. The LC50 of cypermethrin resistant strain resulted in an 11.5-fold increase in resistance after G10. In P. xylostella, heritability (h2) after ten generations of selection was estimated at 0.4. The number of generations required for tenfold increase in LC50 (1/R) were 6.7. The response to indoxacarb selection in P. xylostella was 0.2 and the selection differential was estimated as 0.4. The phenotypic standard deviation was 0.2. Reciprocal crosses between indoxacarb-resistant and susceptible strains showed that the inheritance of indoxacarb resistance was autosomal. The degree of heritability (DLC) (0.4, 0.4) indicated incomplete recessive inheritance of indoxacarb resistance.

Prioritization of Watershed through Sediment Yield Index Using RS and GIS Approach

Sarita Gajbhiye,S. K. Sharma,Chandrashekhar Meshram 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.7 No.6

Watershed is an ideal unit for planning and management of land and water resources (Gajbhiye et al. 2013). Watershed prioritization on the basis of soil erosion has become inevitable component of watershed management in order to conserve this precious natural resource. In the absence of sediment yield data, a Sediment Yield Index expressing the relative sediment yield on the basis of grading the basin or watershed in order of priority for soil and water conservation measures. The study area is divided into 15 sub-watersheds on the basis of drainage conditions. Sediment Yield index has been calculated for all the fifteen sub-watershed, following the All India Soil and Land Use Survey (AISLUS) method and accordingly prioritized. The maximum SYI value of 1337.36 is recorded for Mohgaon (MG)-12 sub-watersheds and minimum value of 846.58 is in Mohgaon (MG)-11 sub-watersheds.

Nitrate Removal From Synthetic Medium With aquatic Macrophytes

Sarita Bashyal,Hae-Yong Cho,Byung- Kyu Lee 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

The removal of nitrate from aqueous solutions of a synthetic medium was examined using two different aquatic plants, such as Hydrocharis dubia and Salvinia sp. The selected macrophytes were incubated in the laboratory in the container containing a previously prepared soultion of NH₄NO₃. Hydrocharis dubia reduced the nitrate level to 60.4% in a synthetic medium containing 100mg/L of nitrate . The efficiency of nitrate removal was further increased 78% with initial nitrate concentration of 300mg/L.

Review Article : Experience with Conventional Radiofrequency Thermorhizotomy in Patients with Failed Medical Management for Trigeminal Neuralgia

( Sarita Singh ),( Reetu Verma ),( Manoj Kumar ),( Virendra Rastogi ),( Jaishree Bogra ) 대한통증학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.27 No.3

Background: To evaluate the results of conventional radiofrequency thermorhizotomy (CRT) for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in patients with failed medical management. Methods: Patients with Trigeminal neuralgia who were referred to us for ‘limited intervention’ during the time frame July-2011 to Jan-2013 were enrolled for this study. CRT was administered by the Sweet technique. Pain relief was evaluated by the principle investigator. Results: Eighteen patients were enrolled and completed a mean follow-up of 18.0 months. Pain relief was observed in 14 of 18 (77.8%) patients on the post-operative day, 14 of 18 (77.8%) at 1-month follow-up, 14 of 17 (82.4%) at 3-months follow-up, 12 of 15 (80%) at 6-months follow-up, 7 of 11 (63.6%) at 1-year follow-up and 2 of 6 (33.3%) 1.5 years of follow-up. Four patients required a repeat cycle of CRT; two at six months of follow-up and two at one year of follow-up. One patient was transferred for surgical intervention at six months of follow-up. Side-effects included facial hypoesthesia (n = 6); nausea/vomiting (n = 2), diminished corneal reflex (n = 13) and difficulty in chewing (n = 11). Severity of adverse effects gradually diminished and none of the patients who are beyond 6 months of follow-up have any functional limitation. Conclusions: CRT is an effective method of pain relief for patients with Trigeminal neuralgia. Successful outcome (excellent or good) can be expected in 66.7% of patients after first cycle of CRF. The incidence and severity of adverse effects is less and the procedure is better tolerated by the patients.

Functional Analysis of ABC Transporter Genes pdmR1 and pdmR2 in Actinomadura hibisca P-1752 and Enhancement of Pradimicin Production

Sarita Paudel,박제원,이주호,윤여준,송재경 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.1

Two putative ABC transporter genes pdmR1and pdmR2 are found in the biosynthetic gene cluster of pradimicin. pdmR1 showed a hydrophilic profile with similarity to the daunorubicin-resistant ABC transporter ATP-binding protein family, a characteristic ABC transporter. pdmR2 codes for hydrophobic polypeptides showing a high degree of similarity to several ABC-type multidrug transport systems. To assess the possible roles of these genes in pradimicin biosynthesis, pdmR1 and pdmR2 were introduced into Actinomadura hibisca P-1752. The recombinant strains Actinomadura hibisca SP1, SP2, and SP3 showed longer life spans compared to the wild-type A. hibisca. Pradimicin production was increased by 3.5, 2.4,and 5.4-fold at 8 days in A. hibisca SP1, SP2 and SP3,respectively, compared to that of parental strain. The higher transcriptional level of pdmR1 and pdmR2 genes in the pdmR1 and pdmR2 harboring strains compared to the wild type was consistent with the enhanced production. The plasmids pSP1, pSP2, and pSP3 were expressed in Streptomyces venezulae and S. lividians, which are sensitive to pradimicin. The transformants acquired higher resistance to pradimicin than the wild-type Streptomyces strains suggesting that pdmR1 and pdmR2 acts as a set of resistance genes in A. hibisca to pump out pradimicin produced throughout the cell.

Biochemical analysis and synergistic suppression of indoxacarb resistance in Plutella xylostella L.

Sarita Nehare,M.P. Moharil,B.S. Ghodki,G.K. Lande,K.D. Bisane,A.S. Thakare,U.P. Barkhade 한국응용곤충학회 2010 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.13 No.2

Indoxacarb was treated to Plutella xylostella for 10 generations to develop a resistant strain and biochemical analysis of indoxacarb resistance in different tissues of P. xylostella was carried out. Biochemical analysis found maximum esterase activity in gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains followed by whole body and cuticle homogenates. In gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains, maximum increase in esterases was found as compared to the unselected strain. Acetylcholineesterase activity was higher in head homogenates of the resistant strain than in the unselected strain. Glutathione-S-transferase activity was highest in whole body homogenates. However, maximum increase was found in gut homogenates of indoxacarb resistant strains over the unselected. Induced resistance was suppressed using known synergists. Maximum synergism occurred using diethyl-maleate (DEM), followed by triphenyl phosphate (TPP).

High Titer Production of Pradimicin in Actinomadura hibisca P157-2 by the Expression of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Gene Complex

Sarita PAUDEL 한국생물공학회 2010 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.4