The Social Consequences of Using Agent - Based Systems

Samuel Chong,Michael S . H . Heng,Kecheng Liu 한국경영정보학회 2001 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2001 No.-

Vibrio vulnificus 분리율에 대한 SPS Agar와 SGP Broth의 사용 및 검체 저장의 영향

정윤섭,이삼열,김신무 대한미생물학회 1987 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.22 No.2

Vihrio vulnificus septicemia is not-rare dicase in Korea. Carriage rate of the orgaisrn by shellfish is not well known. In this study performance of SPS agar and SGP hroth ancl effect of storage of specimen in the isolaton was determined using the shellfish specimens collected from the coast and market of Koonsan city. Isolation rate was similar with TCBS and with SPS, but the rate became much highher after enrichment in SGP broth. 80% of oyster speirnes were positve when inoculatecJ immediately, but the rate dropped rapidly after storage of specirnens at freezing t.emperature for sornetime. All of the isolates fermented lactose in 2 days. A few isolates were not identfiable with API 20E system, because of acid prduction from melibiose. Serover 04 was the frequent isolates.

환자와 자연환경에서 분리된 Aeromonas의 균종 및 항균제 감수성

정윤섭,이삼열,홍천수,고춘명,곽창길 대한감염학회 1987 감염 Vol.19 No.3

Aeromonas is known to cause gastrointestinal as well as various extraintestinal infections in man. Strains of Aeromonas isolated from mam used to be identified as A. hydrophila, but other species is now known to cause infection. In this study, strains of Aeromonas isolated from clinical materials during July 1983 to December 1986 and identified as A. hydrophila were reexamined to ascertain presence of other species. Also attempted was to isolate Aeromonas from environmental sources during September to October 1986. Identification of species were done by various biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the agar dilution method. Among the clinical isolates 15 were A. hydrophila, 7 A. sobria and 4 A. caviae. From the environment 11 were A.sobria, 7 A. hydrophila and 2 A. caviae. A. hydrophila as well as A. sobria (7) and A. caviae (4) were isolated from such specimens as wound, blood and bile. From environmental sources, fish bowl water often yielded the organism. The isolates included 10 A. sobria, 6 A. hydrophila and 2 A. caviae. All of the isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin, most were susceptible to cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, moxalactam, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, and a few were susceptible to cefazolin and cotrimoxazole. All were resistant to ampicillin. It is concluded that from clinical materials A. hydrophila as well as A. sobria and A. caviae are isolated, that among the environmental isolates A. sobria outnumber others, and that the most active antimicrobial agents are aminoglycosides, cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin.

Effect of Hypertonic Sucrose on the Growth of Salmonella typhi in Experimental Blood Cultures

Chong, Yunsop,Yi, Kui Nyung,Lee, Samuel Y. Yonsei University, College of Medicine 1976 Yonsei medical journal Vol.17 No.2

Fluconazole. amphotericin B 및 5-fluorocytosine의 Candida albicans 및 Cryptococcus neoformans 분리주에 대한 항균력

정윤섭,이삼열 대한감염학회 1990 감염 Vol.22 No.3

Serious Candia albicans infection is now well recognized problem among the compromised patients. Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis, a rare disease previously, became more frequently encountered. For the treatment of fungal infections not many agents were available. In this study, activities of fluconazole, amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine against clinical isolates of C. albicans and C. neoformans were tested by the agar dilution test using high resolution medium. Against C. albicans, the MIC range of fluconazole was 0.4-12.5 ㎍/㎖. ?? and ?? were 1.6 ㎍/㎖ and 3.1㎍/㎖, respectively. The MIC range of amphotericin B was 0.2-0.8 ㎍/㎖. MIC range of 5 5-fluorocytosine was 0.4->100 ㎍/㎖ and ?? and ?? were 1.6 and > 100 ㎍/㎖, respectively. Against C. neoformans, MIC range of fluconazole was 3.1-50 ㎍/㎖. Both ?? and ?? were 50 ㎍/㎖. Growth of all isolates were inhibited by 0.4㎍/㎖ of amphotericin B. MIC range of 5-fluorocytosine was 25->100 ㎍/㎖ and both ?? and MIC?? were 50 ㎍/㎖. Although in vitro test results of fluconazole seldome predicts in vivo efficacy, by comparing our in vitro data to those of those of others, who did both in vitro test and clinical trials, it was concluded that fluconazole could be effectively used for the treatment of most of the C. albicans and C. neoformans infections in Korea.

Haemophilus influenzae의 Ampicillin과 Cefaclor 감수성

정윤섭,이삼열 대한화학요법학회 1985 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Haemophilus influenzae cause various infections including such sarious ones as meningitis. Ampicillin is the drug once used widely to treat haemophilus infections, but current isolates often shows resistance to this drug. Cefaclor is an-oral cephlosporin reported to be active against both β-lactamase positive and negative isolates of H. influenzae. In this study susceptibility of H. influenzae isolated from clnical materials at Yonsei Medical Center during 1983~1985 were tested 14% were resistant to ampicillin and 9% were β-lacatamase producers. To cotrimoxazole 26% of the strains were resistant, but less than 0.5% to 1.5% of the isolates were resistant to cephalothin, cefamandole, cefaclor, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline. Minimum inhibitory concentration of cefaclor was ≤8 ㎍/ml against both β-lactamase-positive and negative isolates. Cefaclor may be a useful drug for the treatment of H. influenzae infection with the exception of meningitis.

Sulbactam의 Penicillin G와 Ampicillin 항균력에 대한 상승작용

정윤섭,권오헌,이삼열 대한화학요법학회 1983 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.1 No.2

β-lactam 항생제는 대단히 널 이용되어 왔으나, 이제는 많은 세균이 이들 항생제에 내성이 되었기 때문에 그 유용성이 현저히 감소되었다(김 등, 1983; 이 등, 1983). β-lactam계 항생균에 대한 내성은 흔히 세균이 이 항생제를 분해하는 효소인 β-lactamase를 생산함에 기연된다. 이러한 세균의 감염에는 β-lactamase reaistant antibiotic을 투여하여 왔다. 한편 β-lactamse를 억제하는 물질을 β-lactam 항생제와 동시에 투여함으로써 치료효과를 얻으려는 연구들이 근년에 이루어지고 있다. β-lactamse inhibitor 중에는 sulbactam(CP-45,899, penicillanic acid sulfone). clavulanic acid, 6-beta-iodo penicillanic acid(UK-38,006) 등이 있다(Moosdeen et at., 1981). Sulbactam의 상승 작용은 군종과 군주에 따라 다른 것으로 알려져 있으므로(Fass 1981) 이 연구에서는 Penicillin G와 ampicillin의 항균작용에 대한 sulbactam의 상승작용에 관하여 임상검체에서의 분리세균을 써서 실험하였다. S3nergistic effect of sulbactam is known t o vary depending not only on the species of bacteria but also on the isolates of the same species. The effect was eva1uated;using bacterial strains isolated from Yonsei Medical Center patients, b5- the agar dilution method. Synergistic effect of sulbactam on the activity of penicillin G and ampic in all species of bacteria tested. The effect was slight in S. aweus and S. marcescens, =oderate ir, hi. gonorrhoeae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Protezrs and H. influenzae, and significant in S. f l e z n e r i and A. calcoaceticus. It is concluded that sulbactan: can broaden the antibacterial spectrum of. penicillin G and ampicillin.

한국인의 13가지 Legionella 항원에 대한 항체 보유율

정윤섭,이삼열,윤정구 대한감염학회 1987 감염 Vol.19 No.1

Several species of Legionella are proven as etiologic agents of human infections. It became clear that, in the serodiagnosis, no single antigen could detect half of the antibody-positive sera and cross-reacting antibodies to other species of Legionella as well as to other genera of bacteria were present. Levels of antibodies to Legionella species other than L. pneumophila 1-4, in normal Korean population, has not been determined. In this study, serum samples for blood chemistry and from blood donors at Yonsei Medical Center, which were collected during 1984~1987, were tested for the antibody to 13 Legionella antigens by immunofluorescent antibody test. Among the chemistry samples, none showed a titer of ≥ 32 to L. jordanis and L. pneumophila 2-5, and a few to L. pneumophila 1 and 6, and quite frequently to other species. The rate was especially high, 14.2% and 16.9% respectively, to L. dumoffii and L. gormanii. Some sera had antibodies to two or three antigens. It is concluded that, as the sensitivity and specificity of the IFA test are low in Korea, too, the cultural method should be more useful for the diagnosis of legionellosis.

항생제 감수성검사 정도관리 결과의 검토

정윤섭,이귀녕,장덕규,이삼열 대한의학협회 1977 대한의학협회지 Vol.20 No.5

1979~1983년에 분리된 장염세균의 균종과 항균제 감수성

정윤섭,윤갑준,이삼열 대한화학요법학회 1986 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Salmonella typhi and Shigella are frequently isolated enteric pathognes in Korea. Recent improvement of environmental hygiene is expected to reduce these infections. Campylobacter jejuni and Yersinia enterocclitica are recently recognized enteric pathogens frequetly isolated in some parts of the world. In this study, stool culture results at Yonsei Medical Center during 1979~1983 were analyzed. The proportion of S. typhi was decreasing while S. enteritidis increasing. The proportion of S. flexneri serovar 2 was slightly decreasing while serovar 1 increasing. C. jejuni and Y. enterocclitica were isolated, but not frequently. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli remained to be frequently isolated. Antimicrobial resistance problem was not present with salmonella and C. jejuni, but was a serious one with S. flexneri and S. boydii.