Christmas cribs: traditions of szopka art and craft in Cracow Samanta Kowalska

Samanta Kowalska 국립민속박물관 2019 International Journal of Intangible Heritage Vol.14 No.-

Intangible cultural heritage plays an immeasurablerole in the existence, continuation and development ofcommunities. Intergenerational transmission helps tostrengthen the bond between people. The first legallybinding act of international law concerning this issue isthe UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of IntangibleCultural Heritage of 2003. This article discusses the roleand the significance of Cracovian nativity scenes forthe local community, for whom they represent a ‘living’tradition. Cracovian nativity scenes, inscribed on theUNESCO Representative List of the Intangible CulturalHeritage of Humanity in 2018, are the first Polish entry onthe List. The issues discussed include perspectives on theprinciple of sustainable development in the cultural sectorand present the challenges of safeguarding intangibleheritage in the context of increasing commercialisationand globalisation.

Development of Hepatitis Vaccine in Genetically Engineered Mammalian Cell

Himadri, Samanta,Choi, Kyung-Hee 中央大學校 遺傳工學硏究所 1988 遺傳工學硏究論集 Vol.1 No.1

B형 간염 바이러스 표면항원 유전자가 포유동물세포에서 발현되도록 bovine papilloma virus(BPV)를 vector로 사용하여 몇가지 재조합 플라스미드를 제조하였다. promoter는 mouse metallotheionin promoter를 사용하였고, BPV의 크기를 변화시켰으며 또한 HBsAg 유전자의 polyadenylation signal을 제거하기도 하였다. 포유동물에서 세가지의 재조합 플라스미드는 모두 HBsAg을 발현시켰으며, BPV유전자와 HBV유전자가 완전히 들어있는 vector에 의해 가장 많은 HBsAg이 생산되었다. HBV DNA는 episomal 상태로 남아있는것이 아니고, 마우스세포의 염색체에 삽입되어 있는것이 확인되었으며, HBV DNA의 copy 수와 HBsAg의 생산량과는 비례하지 않는 것이 밝혀졌다. HBsAg 생산세포는 2-3개월동안 계대배양의 필요없이 계속해서 HBsAg을 배양액에 분비하였다. 이를 정제하여 E.M.으로 관찰한 결과 particle을 형성함이 확인되었고, western blot 분석을 통해 pre-s를 포함하고 있음을 밝혔다. We have expressed the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in mouse fibroblast cell line using metallothionein-bovine papilloma virus vectors. We have used three different recombinant plasmids and find that the expression level varies significantly from one plasmid to the other. One of the constructs gave very high express level and has been characterized further. We have failed to detect any plasmid in the episomal form in the producing clones and all the HBV DNA found to be integrated in the mouse chromosome at more than one site. We do not find any linear relationship between the number of copies HBV DNA and the level of the surface antigen produced. Cells can continuously be grown in the presence of cadmium chloride without splitting for more than two months and the secreted surface antigen be harvested during this period. The antigen is secreted as particle as have been found in electron micrograph of purified antigen. From western blot studies we find that the antigen contains the pre-s region.

DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR FOR A NONAUTONOMOUS SMOKING DYNAMICAL MODEL WITH DISTRIBUTED TIME DELAY

Samanta, G.P. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2011 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.29 No.3

In this paper we have considered a dynamical mathematical model of the sub-populations of potential smokers (non-smokers), smokers, smokers who temporarily quit smoking, smokers who permanently quit smoking and a class of smoking associated illness by introducing time dependent parameters and distributed time delay to acquire smoking habit. Here, we have established some sufficient conditions on the permanence and extinction of the smoking class in the community by using inequality analytical technique. We have introduced some new threshold values $R_0$ and $R^*$ and further obtained that the smoking class in the community will be permanent when $R_0$ > 1 and the smoking class in the community will be going to extinct when $R^*$ < 1. By Lyapunov functional method, we have also obtained some sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability of this model. Computer simulations are carried out to explain the analytical findings. The aim of the analysis of this model is to identify the parameters of interest for further study, with a view to informing and assisting policy-maker in targeting prevention and treatment resources for maximum effectiveness.

The challenge of hapatitis B virus

Samanta, Hinadri K. The Microbiological Society of Korea 1987 微生物과 産業 Vol.13 No.3

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a very serious threat to public health in most of the developing countries of the world. It is estimated that around 300 million people worldwide are chronic carriers of this virus and will transmit the disease both vertically and horizontally. Infection by this virus may cause a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic infection to liver cirrhosis.

Up-Conversion Intersystem Crossing Rates in Organic Emitters for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Impact of the Nature of Singlet vs Triplet Excited States

Samanta, Pralok K.,Kim, Dongwook,Coropceanu, Veaceslav,Bré,das, Jean-Luc American Chemical Society 2017 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.139 No.11

<P>The rates for up-conversion intersystem crossing (UISC) from the T-1 state to the S-1 state ate calculated for a series of organic emitters with an emphasis on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. Both the spin orbit coupling and the energy difference between the S-1 and T-1 states (REST) are evaluated, at the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT levels. The calculated UISC rates and Delta E-ST values are found to be in good agreement with available experimental data. Our results underline that small Delta E-ST values and sizable spin orbit coupling matrix elements have to be simultaneously realized in order to facilitate DISC and ultimately TADF. Importantly, the spatial separation of the highest occupied. and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the emitter, a widely accepted strategy for the design of TADF molecules, does not necessarily lead to a sufficient reduction in Delta E-ST; in fact, either a significant charge-transfer (CT) contribution to the T-1 state or a minimal energy difference between the local-excitation and charge-transfer triplet states is required to, achieve a small Delta E-ST. Also, having S-1 and T-1 states of a different nature is found to strongly enhance spin-orbit coupling, which is consistent with the El-Sayed rule for ISC rates. Overall, our results indicate that having either similar energies for the local-excitation and charge-transfer triplet states or the right balance between a substantial CT contribution to T-1 and somewhat different natures of the S-1 and T-1 states, paves the way toward UISC enhancement and thus TADF efficiency improvement.</P>

A provably tight delay-driven concurrently congestion mitigating global routing algorithm

Samanta, R.,Erzin, A.I.,Raha, S.,Shamardin, Y.V.,Takhonov, I.I.,Zalyubovskiy, V.V. Elsevier [etc.] 2015 Applied mathematics and computation Vol.255 No.-

Routing is a very important step in VLSI physical design. A set of nets are routed under delay and resource constraints in multi-net global routing. In this paper a delay-driven congestion-aware global routing algorithm is developed, which is a heuristic based method to solve a multi-objective NP-hard optimization problem. The proposed delay-driven Steiner tree construction method is of O(n<SUP>2</SUP>logn) complexity, where n is the number of terminal points and it provides n-approximation solution of the critical time minimization problem for a certain class of grid graphs. The existing timing-driven method (Hu and Sapatnekar, 2002) has a complexity O(n<SUP>4</SUP>) and is implemented on nets with small number of sinks. Next we propose a FPTAS Gradient algorithm for minimizing the total overflow. This is a concurrent approach considering all the nets simultaneously contrary to the existing approaches of sequential rip-up and reroute. The algorithms are implemented on ISPD98 derived benchmarks and the drastic reduction of overflow is observed.

A techno-economic analysis of partial repowering of a 210 MW coal fired power plant

Samanta, Samiran,Ghosh, Sudip Techno-Press 2015 Advances in energy research Vol.3 No.3

This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of a partial repowering scheme for an existing 210 MW coal fired power plant by integrating a gas turbine and by employing waste heat recovery. In this repowering scheme, one of the four operating coal mills is taken out and a new natural gas fired gas turbine (GT) block is considered to be integrated, whose exhaust is fed to the furnace of the existing boiler. Feedwater heating is proposed through the utilization of waste heat of the boiler exhaust gas. From the thermodynamic analysis it is seen that the proposed repowering scheme helps to increase the plant capacity by about 28% and the overall efficiency by 27%. It also results in 21% reduction in the plant heat rate and 29% reduction in the specific $CO_2$ emissions. The economic analysis reveals that the partial repowering scheme is cost effective resulting in a reduction of the unit cost of electricity (UCOE) by 8.4%. The economic analysis further shows that the UCOE of the repowered plant is lower than that of a new green-field power plant of similar capacity.

ANALYSIS OF A NONAUTONOMOUS PREDATOR-PREY MODEL INCORPORATING A PREY REFUGE AND TIME DELAY

Samanta, G.P.,Garain, D.N. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2011 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.29 No.3

In this paper we have considered a nonautonomous predator-prey model with discrete time delay due to gestation, in which there are two prey habitats linked by isotropic migration. One prey habitat contains a predator and the other (a refuge) does not. Here, we have established some sufficient conditions on the permanence of the system by using in-equality analytical technique. By Lyapunov functional method, we have also obtained some sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability of this model. We have observed that the per capita migration rate among two prey habitats and the time delay has no effect on the permanence of the system but it has an effect on the global asymptotic stability of this model. The aim of the analysis of this model is to identify the parameters of interest for further study, with a view to informing and assisting policy-maker in targeting prevention and treatment resources for maximum effectiveness.

The Effects of Copper Supplementation on the Performance and Hematological Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Samanta, B.,Ghosh, P.R.,Biswas, A.,Das, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.7

To determine the efficiency of copper (Cu) supplementation, a feeding experiment was carried out with 240 day old broiler chicks (vencobb-100). Birds were divided into four dietary treatments: i) C - no additives, ii) $T_1$-75 mg inclusion of Cu/kg diet, iii) $T_2$-150 mg inclusion of Cu/kg diet, iv) $T_3$-250 mg inclusion of Cu/kg diet. The present study was carried out in the Department of Animal Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India for a period of 42 days (6 weeks). Growth performance was measured in terms of live weight gain, cumulative feed intake and feed conversion ratio at the end of $21^{st}$ and $42^{nd}$ day of the experiment and the result was found to be encouraging for commercial enterprises when the chickens were fed at 150 mg Cu/kg ($T_2$) of their diet. Excess dietary copper more than 150 mg/kg reduced the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood and resulted in the accumulation of copper in the liver with decreased blood Hb concentration and packed cell volumes (PCV). Copper supplementation increased the total erythrocyte count (TEC) as copper is involved in erythropoiesis. But, from the result it is indicated that the dietary copper concentration could not alter the total leukocyte count (TLC). In case of different leucocytes count (DLC), there were no significant differences observed among the different treated groups. Statistical analysis showed significant (p<0.01) difference in plasma concentration of copper, zinc, ferrous and cholesterol among the different copper treated groups. The result indicates that supplementation of copper is an effective way of improving the production performance and haematological parameters in broiler chicken.

DYNAMICAL MODEL OF A SINGLE-SPECIES SYSTEM IN A POLLUTED ENVIRONMENT

Samanta, G.P.,Maiti, Alakes 한국전산응용수학회 2004 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.16 No.1

The effect of toxicants on ecological systems is an important issue from mathematical and experimental points of view. Here we have studied dynamical model of a single-species population-toxicant system. Two cases are studied: constant exogeneous input of toxicant and rapidly fluctuating random exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment. The dynamical behaviour of the system is analyzed by using deterministic linearized technique, Lyapunov method and stochastic linearization on the assumption that exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment behaves like ‘Coloured noise’.