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Alternating and Merged Droplets in a Double T-junction Microchannel
Harish Palani Naga Surya,Sajeesh Parayil,Utsab Banerjee,Subhash Chander,Ashis Kumar Sen 한국바이오칩학회 2015 BioChip Journal Vol.9 No.1
In this work, we report experimental andnumerical studies of alternating and merged dropletsin a double T-junction microchannel. The microchanneldevice is fabricated using PDMS substrate and experimentsare performed with mineral oil with surfactantas the continuous phase and aqueous glycerol asthe discrete phase. Based on the flow rate fraction φand Capillary number Ca, four different flow regimesare identified: merging, stable alternating droplets, alternatingdroplets with transition and laminar. A numericalmodel that employs volume-of-fluid formulationsis used to predict the alternating droplet generationprocess. In the stable alternating droplet regime,the effect of the discrete phase flow rate ratio α on thedroplet diameter ratio β is experimentally studied andcompared with that predicted from the simulations. Itis observed that the droplet diameter ratio β increaseslinearly with increase in the flow rate ratio α and agood match between experiments and simulations isobserved. The diameters of droplets at different Capillarynumbers Ca generated using single and doubleT-junction microchannels are compared and it is observedthat, at low Ca, the double T-junction generateslarger droplets as compared to single T-junction. In merged droplet regime, the effect of the continuousphase flow rate Qc and discrete phase viscosity μd ondiameter dm and interdistance between the droplets λof the merged droplets are studied. It is observed thatthe merged droplet diameter dm is reduced and interdistancebetween the droplets λ increases with increasein the continuous phase flow rate Qc. As the viscosityof the discrete phase μd increases, the diameter dm andinterdistance between the droplets λ of the mergeddroplets decreases.