Formulation Prediction for Young's Modulus of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) by Spectroscopic Methods

Cho Han Saem,Moon Heh‐Young,Lee Heung Soon,Kim Yong Tae,Jeoung Sae Chae 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.9

In this work, we refer to the fraction of hydrides and vinyl groups consumed in cross-linking reaction as a variation of the properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with varying the formulation of a curing agent from 3.2 wt % to 50 wt %. Young’s modulus, density, and refractive indices of PDMS were observed to have a maxima at a formulation of about 10 wt % of cross linker. The intensity of the Raman band for the Si H stretching mode in cross-linker is almost zero if the cross-linking agent is less than 10 wt %, but it is linearly increasing with increasing the content of cross-linker. The dependence of the elastic modulus on the formulation could be explained in terms of the fraction of cross-linked network. The analytical framework proposed in this work could be used for optimizing the formulation of PDMS and hence its properties can be tailored for specific applications.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

Phage Display 기법을 이용한 B형 간염 바이러스 Polymerase의 Rnase H 활성을 억제하는 인간 단세포군 항체의개발

이성락,송은경,정영주,이영이,김익중,최인학,박세광 Official Journal of the Korean society for immunol 2004 Immune Network Vol.4 No.1

자궁경부종양에서 Cathepsin-D 표현의 의의

이춘희,김세진,전상식,이택후,조영래,채종민 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

Various clinical and histopathologic characteristics are currently used to obtain prognostic information about cervical carcinoma, but they do not predict the outcome for any individual patients. Thus, there is a need to identify additional tumor characteristics that are able to predict more accurately the outcome for an individual patient with cervical cancer. In this study, we explored the relationship between cathepsin-D expression and progression of the cervical neoplasia, the correlation between response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cathepsin-D expression, and we investigated if tumor cell cathepsin-D expression could serve as a prognostic factor in cervical carcinoma. Tumor tissues were obtained from 14 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and 52 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Cathepsin-S expression was identified by immunohistochemical methods using monoclonal antibody cathepsin-D (BioGene). Positive cathepsin-D immunoreaction in greater than 30% of carcinoma cells was scored as high expression. High cathepsin-D expression was seen in 15 of 52 invasive cancer but was absent in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It was shown that cathepsin-D expression was independent of the rumor grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, depth of invasion, parametrial invasion, and response to chemotherapy. In disease free survival analysis by log-rank test, cathepsin-D expression was not significantly associated with survival. These results show that cathepsin-D expression is not a clinically useful adjunct to assessment of prognosis in invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

착지 방법이 하지 관절의 충격흡수 기전에 미치는 영향

이세용,이승민,최지영 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 상해의 가능성이 있는 비교적 높은 높이에서의 착지 시 착지 방법에 따라 지면접촉 구간에서의 발목 관절과 무릎 관절에서의 각도 변화와 모멘트를 비교하고 검증해 봄으로써 착지 방법이 충격흡수에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 본 연구를 위하여 하지의 병력을 가지고 있지 않은 신체적으로 건강한 남자 대학생 6명을 실험 대상자로 선정하였다. 운동학적 변인에서 발목 관절은 착지 방법에 관계없이 일정한 각도로 착지한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 그 이후에 연성 착지인 경우 경성 착지에 비하여 상대적으로 발목을 많이 굴곡(flex)시켜 하지에 미치는 충격을 최소화하려는 노력이 보였다. 무릎 관절은 착지 방법에 관계없이 일정한 각도로 착지한 것으로 나타났다. 연성 착지와 경성 착지를 구분하는 대표적인 방법은 각 관절 발생하는 최대 굴곡각을 비교해 봄으로써 가능하다는 것이다. 운동역학적 변인에서 발목관절은 최대 모멘트 값이 연성 착지 조건에 비하여 경성 착지 조건에서 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 최대 모멘트가 발생하기까지의 시간도 짧고 이에 따라 초기 50%구간 이전의 기울기도 급격함을 알 수 있다. 무릎관절은 최대 모멘트 값이 연성 착지 조건에 비하여 경성 착지 조건에서 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 최대 모멘트가 발생하기까지의 시간도 짧고 이에 따라 초기 50%구간 이전의 기울기도 급격함을 알 수 있다. 이는 무게 중심이 아래로 이동하는 것을 막기 위하여 경성 착지에서 발생하는 고유의 기전이며, 이때 발생하는 충격이 상위 분절로 전이되어 상해의 원인이 되기도 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 착지 방법을 구분 지을 수 있는 운동학적, 운동역학적 변인들의 특성들을 알 수 있었다. 연성 착지와 경성 착지는 최대 굴곡 각을 크기와 최대 모멘트의 크기를 비교해 봄으로써 구분 지을 수 있으며, 또한 최대 모멘트가 발생하는 시각을 비교하면 보다 명확히 구분 할 수 있다. 그러나 상해를 최소화하는 착지 방법을 추정하는데는 어려움이 있었다. 추후의 연구에서는 무릎만이 아니라 힙에서 작용하는 모멘트를 분석하고 에너지를 변인을 추가하고 착지 시 주동근으로서 작용하는 신전근과 굴곡근에 EMG를 부착하여 분석해 봄으로써 착지에 대한 명확한 분석이 이루어질 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study was to verify the angle and monent of the ankle, knee joint during foot contact period and find the influence of landing style on shock-absorbing mechanism of the lower extremity. 6 healthy male university student who didn't experience lower extremity disease were participated in the study. The kinematic variables of ankle and knee joint were as follows. There were no significant difference between soft and stiff landing in initial contact angle of ankle and knee joint. But there were difference between soft and stiff landing in maximum flexion angle of ankle and knee joint. These results indicate that the maximum flexion angle could be used as a criterion to categorize soft and stiff landing. The kinematic variables of the ankle and knee joint were as follows. There were significant difference between soft and stiff landing in maximum muscle moment at ankle and knee joints. There were also significant difference between maximum muscle moment timming at ankle and knee joint. The difference of maximum muscle moment and timming result in the sudden incline of first 50% period of moment time graph. These results indicates that the mechanism to prevent lowering whole body CM occuerred during foot contact period.

21C를 향한 부산 지역의 Green사회체육 활성화 방안

이근모,오세복,김윤숙,김세정,이영덕 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study was to create plan of Green Sport for all in Pusan toward 21st century. The plan of Green Sport for all in Pusan toward 21st century was conducted by theoretical analysis based upon an advanced countries' sport for all state and Pusan's sport for all state. The result of this study are as follows; 1. To set plan for sport for all in Pusan, it should consider the environment of sport for all for citizen's social welfare. It is more important to use the present facilities effectively with the good management than expand sport for all facilities. To set budget for all facilities to expand it is expected from 2002 Pusan Asian Games's profit. 2. The public sport facilities and sport for all facilities should be open for citizen after build sport for all facilities at the near river and sea side. It should give permission to build green sport for all facilities in the zone of protect development. The regulation of entrance fees at the public sport center such as basketball gymnasium, soccer stadium, and baseball stadium. To enter public sport center, it is recommended free for athletes to do competition or exercise and for citizen the lowest fee is recommended during whole year. The officials should be consider very good quality of service for citizen. Also, school's sport facilities are recommended to open for citizen after school off. 3. It is recommended to build one sport center at every district(gu) in Pusan like Sport for all Pusan association (The memorial olympic hall). The olympic park should protect forever, it should not be allowed for other purpose whenever. 4. The government should set budget for labor's sport clubs. Also, the government try to encourage to expand labors' sport facilities in the company as the law promotion for labors' sport. 5. The government and the government of Pusan city should lead every company to keep the law of promotion for labors' sport. Also, the government leads company to promote sport for labors at each company by the reduction of taxation for company such as th incorporation tax and a real estate acquisition tax. For example, the government let them reduce company's tax for company's private sport facilities(center) so give them chance to invest for sport facilities. 6. KOC should keep remain neutral to promote territory's sport, university team in Seoul should get away from the victory oriented idea then they might participate as amateur at the national tournament. 7. To reduce traffic at the center of the Metropolis, the energy saving purpose, the effective using of the center of the Metropolis, and to increase sport for all people, the green sport for all underground facilities are recommended at the foot of Youngdo park and the public elementary, junior, high school's ground without the nature damage. And then it will be help a lot to citizen to stress out and to use effective leisure time for themselves. 8. It was suggested that the green sport for all facilities might build in the sea near the yacht race center at Soo young, Haeundae bathing resort and Kwangan ni bathing resort, with minimizing nature damage. The green cultural resport and ocean sport facilities were recommended at the sea side to play yacht, wind surfing, water ski, and water bicycle for touring and sport for all purpose. 9. The green winter sport resort and sport resort were recommended at Seungji park and Daeshin park for citizen. After build these facilities, it should be open for citizen every day.

개에서 발생한 기관 허탈의 진단과 관리

이새미,윤기영,서경원,최호정,정성목,송근호,조종기,박성준 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2012 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.19 No.1

A 11-year-old Yorkshire terrier anesthetized for computed tomography. The dog showed cyanosis and syncope during postanesthetic recovery, therefore drug administrated parenterally. Goose-honking was noticed after full recovery. As a result of survey radiography and fluoroscopy, grade 4 tracheal collapse was diagnosed. Prescription for the dog was oral administration of hydrocodone 0.22 mg/kg. theophylline 20 mg/kg, prednisone 0.5 mg/kg, amoxicillin 22 mg/kg and chlorpheniramine 2 mg/kg twice a day for 3 days. A 10-year-old Pomeranian was diagnosed as grade 2 traceal collapse at the local animal hospital 2 years before being referred to the veterinary teaching hospital of Chungnam National University. On physical examination, goose-honking, coughing and intermittent open-mouth breathing. Tracheal narrowing was observed on survey einradiography and fluoroscopy. Oral administration of theophylline 13 mg/kg, enrofloxacin 5 mg/kg, chlropheniramine 0.5 mg/kg twice a day was prescribed for 2 weeks.

Compocasting 법으로 제조된 AS91D/SiC_p composite 의 특성 평가

이경태,김세광,김영직 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.2

The properties of SiC particle reinforced metal matrix composites(MMCs) of magnesuim alloy were investigated. MMCs was produced by compocasting method and specimens were fabricated by pressing of slurry. These specimens were evaluated in tensile strength, hardness, wear resistance, oxidation properties. The hardness and tensile strength were increased with SiC_p contents. Up to 5 % addition of SiC_p the wear resistancewas improved. It was deteriorated however above 5 % addition because of adhesive wear. Under isothermal oxidation conditions, oxidation resistance was improved with SiC_p.

접착제와 와동형성의 차이에 따른 5급 복합레진 수복의 전향적 임상연구

이경욱,정세준,한영철,손호현,엄정문,오명환,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 복합레진을 이용한 비우식성 치경부 5급 병소 수복에 있어서, 3가지 다른 접착제를, 유지구를 부여한 치아와 부여하지 않은 치아에 적용하였을 때의 임상적인 효능의 차이를 비교하기 위함이다. 총 150개의 치아를 각각 25개씩 6개의 군으로 나누었다. A군 Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M ESPE, St, Paul, MN, USA, 4세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. B군: SBMP를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. C군: BC Plus (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, Korea, 5세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. D군: BC Plus를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. E군: Adper Prompt (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany, 6세대 접착제)를 사용하고 유지구를 부여하지 않음. F군: Adper Prompt를 사용하고 유지구를 부여. 모든 치아는 복합레진인 Denfil(Vericom Co., Anyang. Gyonggido. Korea)을 이용하여 충전하였다. 수복 직후와, 수복 6개월 후에 modified USPHS (United States Public Health Service) criteria에 따라 수복물을 임상적으로 평가하였다. 추가적으로 임상사진을 촬영하였으며, 에폭시 레진을 이용하여 복제한 후 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 이를 관찰하였다. 6개월 후 관찰 결과. alpha rating의 수가 각 실험군마다 동일하지는 않았지만, 통계적으로는 3가지의 접착제간에 유의할만한 차이는 없었고, 기계적인 유지구를 부여한 군과 부여하지 않은 군 간에도 유의할만한 차이는 없었다 (p > 0.05). 그러나 6개월의 관찰 기간은 일반적으로 기대되는 레진의 수명보다 짧기 때문에, 각 실험군 간의 차이를 알아보기 위해서는 추후 더 오랜 기간의 관찰이 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to evaluate prospectively the effect of different bonding systems and retention grooves on the clinical performance of resin restorations in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). Thirty nine healthy adults who had at least 2 NCCLs in their promolar areas were included in this study. One hundred and fifty teeth were equally assigned to six groups; (A) Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP, 3M ESPE, St, Paul, MN, USA, 4th generation bonding system) without retention grooves; (B) SBMP with retention grooves: (C) BC Plus (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, Korea, 5th generation bonding system) without retention grooves; (D) BC Plus with retention grooves; (E) Adper Prompt (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany, 6th generation bonding system) without retention grooves: (F) Adper Prompt with retention grooves. All cavities were filled with a hybrid composite resin, Denfil (Vericom Co., Anyang, Gyeonggido, korea) by one operator. Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 6-month recall, according to the modified USPHS (United states Public Health Service) criteria, Additionally, clinical photographs were taken and epoxy resin replicas were made for SEM evaluation. At 6-month recall, there were some differences in the number of alpha ratings among the experimental groups. But, despite the differences in the number of alpah ratings, there was no significant difference among the 3 adhesive systems (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference between the groups with or without mechanical retention (p > 0.05). Follow-ups for longer periods than 6 months are needed to verify the clinical performance of different bonding systems and retention grooves. 〔J Kor Acad Cons Dent 31(4):300-311, 2006〕

강-소성 대변형 유한요소법을 이용한 판재성형에 관한 연구

이영선,장세용,홍성인 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.8 No.2

Process modeling of sheet metal forming operations is carried out using the rigid-plastic finite element method based on membrane theory. The sheet materials are assumed to have normal anisotropy and to obey Hill's anisotropic yield criterion and its associated flow rule. The formulation takes into account finite strain and isotropic work hardening during deformation. Triangular elements with linear displacement functions are used to discretize the sheet domain. A constant frictional condition is assumed between the forming tools and sheet. The axisymmetric punch stretching and deep drawing process are analyzed in order to examine the validity of the proposed finite element formulation. To examine the effects of friction, the various models of axisymmetric punch stretching are analyzed. And then, the calaulated values are represented graphically by the developed postprocessing program.