Changes in Morphological and Growing Traits, and Active Substances of Artificial Autotetraploids in Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.)

Saba Yavari,Mohammad Esmaeil Hassani,Reza Omidbaigi,Sara Yavari,Mohammad Jamal Saharkhiz 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.4

Artificial autotetraploids of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) were introduced by treating young plants with aqueous solutions of colchicine at two stages, consisting of the emergence of cotyledon leaves and of two true leaves. Six colchicine concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.75% were treated in each of these stages. Results showed that application of colchicine at two true leaves stage had desirable results as many treated plants grew and also diversity was observed in characteristics of treated plants. Tetraploid plants were identified by primary morphological selection, studding stomata characteristics, numbering of chloroplasts in the stomatal guard cells, and finally using flow cytometric analyses. Comparison of characteristics of tetraploid plants with diploids indicated that the higher level of ploidy in dragonhead caused changes in some morphological and physiological traits and active substances.

Artemisia capillaris Thunb. inhibits melanin synthesis activity via ERK-dependent MITF pathway in B16/F10 melanoma cells

Saba, Evelyn,Oh, Mi Ju,Lee, Yuan Yee,Kwak, Dongmi,Kim, Suk,Rhee, Man Hee The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2018 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.58 No.1

Genus Artemisia occurs as a hardy plant and has a wide range of culinary and medicinal features. In this study, we aimed to describe the melanin inhibitory activity of one Artemisia species, i.e., Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Ethanol extracts of fermented Artemisia capillaris (Art.EtOH.FT) and non-fermented Artemisia capillaris (Art.EtOH.CT) were tested for their ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin pigmentation. Both extracts showed dose-dependent inhibition against ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone-stimulated melanin formation and tyrosinase activity, without cytotoxicity. At $100{\mu}g/mL$, both extracts showed greater inhibition than kojic acid, the positive control. Protein expressions of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) at the transcriptional level were determined by using real-time and semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To complete the mechanistic study, presences of upstream elements of MITF, the phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and phosphorylated-mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (p-MEK) were confirmed by using western blot analysis. Expressions of p-TYR, p-TRP-1 and p-TRP-2, downstream factors for p-ERK and p-MITF, were translationally inhibited by both extracts. Art.EtOH.FT induced more potent effects than Art.EtOH.CT, especially signal transduction effects. In summary, Artemisia capillaris extracts appear to act as potent hypopigmentation agents.

NEW THEOREM ON SYMMETRIC FUNCTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS ON SOME (p, q)-NUMBERS

SABA, N.,BOUSSAYOUD, A. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2022 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.40 No.1-2

In this paper, we present and prove an new theorem on symmetric functions. By using this theorem, we derive some new generating functions of the products of (p, q)-Fibonacci numbers, (p, q)-Lucas numbers, (p, q)-Pell numbers, (p, q)-Pell Lucas numbers, (p, q)-Jacobsthal numbers and (p, q)-Jacobsthal Lucas numbers with Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind.

Korean Red Ginseng extract ameliorates melanogenesis in humans and induces antiphotoaging effects in ultraviolet B-irradiated hairless mice

Saba, Evelyn,Kim, Seung-Hyung,Lee, Yuan Yee,Park, Chae-Kyu,Oh, Jae-Wook,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Kim, Hyun-Kyoung,Roh, Seong-Soo,Rhee, Man Hee The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.3

Background: Panax ginseng is a marvelous herbal remedy for all ailments of body. That may be why it is called Panax, which means "cure for all". Melanin is a pigment that gives color to our skin; however, increased melanin production can lead to tumor formation. Human exposure to ultraviolet B radiation has increased extensively owing to the increased sunlight due to global warming. Consequently, a phenomenon called photoaging has been observed for all skin colors and types. As a result of this phenomenon, a set of enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases, which serve as degradation enzymes for extracellular matrix proteins, mainly collagen, is increased, causing depletion of collagen and resulting in early wrinkle formation. Methods: Therefore, in our study, we used the murine melanoma cell line B16/F10 to study the inhibition of melanogenesis by Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) extract in vitro and HRM-2 hairless mice exposed to artificial ultraviolet B to examine the efficacy of KRG in vivo. We prepared a 3% red ginseng extract cream and evaluated its effects on human skin. Results: Our results demonstrated that KRG induced potent suppression of tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16/F10 cells; moreover, it reduced the transcription and translation of components involved in the melanin production pathway. In the in vivo experiments, KRG potently suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, reduced wrinkle formation, and inhibited collagen degradation. On human skin, ginseng cream increased skin resilience and skin moisture and enhanced skin tone. Conclusion: Therefore, we conclude that KRG is an excellent skin whitening and antiaging product.

Acetyl Eburicoic Acid from Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus Suppresses Inflammation in Murine Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells

Saba, Evelyn,Son, Youngmin,Jeon, Bo Ra,Kim, Seong-Eun,Lee, In-Kyoung,Yun, Bong-Sik,Rhee, Man Hee The Korean Society of Mycology 2015 Mycobiology Vol.43 No.2

The basidiomycete Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus belongs to the Aphyllophorales, Polyporaceae, and grows on the needleleaf tree. The fruiting bodies of Laetiporus species are known to produce N-methylated tyramine derivatives, polysaccharides, and various lanostane triterpenoids. As part of our ongoing effort to discover biologically active compounds from wood-rotting fungi, an anti-inflammatory triterpene, LSM-H7, has been isolated from the fruiting body of L. sulphureus var. miniatus and identified as acetyl eburicoic acid. LSM-H7 dose-dependently inhibited the NO production in RAW 264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity at the tested concentrations. Furthermore it suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines, mainly inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$, when compared with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. These data suggest that LSM-H7 is a crucial component for the anti-inflammatory activity of L. sulphureus var. miniatus.

Fabrication and characterization of tretinoin-loaded nanofiber for topical skin delivery

Saba Khoshbakht,Farzin Asghari-Sana,Anahita Fathi Azarbayjani,Yaeghob Sharifi 한국생체재료학회 2020 생체재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Background: Tretinoin or all-trans retinoic acid is used in the treatment of acne vulgaris and photo-aging. This work aims to develop tretinoin-loaded nanofibers as a potential anti-acne patch and to investigate its physicochemical characteristics. Method: Nanofibers were produced via electrospinning method and surface topography was evaluated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The functional groups of polymer and the drug molecule and the possible interactions were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Drug release studies were carried out by total immersion method at 25 °C and 32 °C. Tretinoin stability was evaluated at room temperature and fridge for 45 days. The possibility of synergistic antibacterial activity of tretinoin and erythromycin combination was investigated on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC® 25923™) and (ATCC® 29213™) by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Uniform fibers without drug crystals were fabricated via electrospinning. Drug-loaded nanofibers show inherent stability under various storage conditions. Electrospun nanofibers showed a prolonged release of tretinoin. The stability of formulations in FT was higher than RT. Disc diffusion tests did not show any synergism in the antibacterial activity of erythromycin when used in combination with tretinoin. Conclusion: It can be anticipated that the easy fabrication, low costs and dosing frequency of the construct reported here provide a platform that can be adapted for on-demand delivery of tretinoin.

Black ginseng-enriched Chong-Myung-Tang extracts improve spatial learning behavior in rats and elicit anti-inflammatory effects in vitro

Saba, Evelyn,Jeong, Da-Hye,Roh, Seong-Soo,Kim, Seung-Hyung,Kim, Sung-Dae,Kim, Hyun-Kyoung,Rhee, Man-Hee The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.2

Background: Chong-Myung-Tang (CMT) extract is widely used in Korea as a traditional herbal tonic for increasing memory capacity in high-school students and also for numerous body ailments since centuries. The use of CMT to improve the learning capacity has been attributed to various plant constituents, especially black ginseng, in it. Therefore, in this study, we have first investigated whether black ginseng-enriched CMT extracts affected spatial learning using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Their molecular mechanism of action underlying improvement of learning and memory was examined in vitro. Methods: We used two types of black ginseng-enriched CMT extracts, designated as CM-1 and CM-2, and evaluated their efficacy in the MWM test for spatial learning behavior and their anti-inflammatory effects in BV2 microglial cells. Results: Our results show that both black ginseng-enriched CMT extracts improved the learning behavior in scopolamine-induced impairment in the water maze test. Moreover, these extracts also inhibited nitric oxide production in BV2 cells, with significant suppression of expression of proinflammatory cytokines, especially inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and $interleukin-1{\beta}$. The protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ pathway factors was also diminished by black ginseng-enriched CMT extracts, indicating that it not only improves the memory impairment, but also acts a potent anti-inflammatory agent for neuroinflammatory diseases. Conclusion: Our research for the first time provides the scientific evidence that consumption of black ginseng-enriched CMT extract as a brain tonic improves memory impairment. Thus, our study results can be taken as a reference for future neurobehavioral studies.

A comparative study of the models to predict aeroelastic vibrations of circular cylinder and chimneys

Saba Rahman,Arvind K. Jain,S.D. Bharti,T.K. Datta 한국풍공학회 2022 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.35 No.1

A comparative study of aeroelastic vibrations of spring-mass cylinder and chimneys, with the help of a few wake oscillator models available in the literature, is presented. The models include those proposed by Facchinetti, Farshidian and Dolatabadi method-I, Farshidian and Dolatabadi method-II, de Langre, Skop and Griffin. Besides, the linear model proposed by Simiu and Scanlan is also incorporated in the study. For chimneys, the first mode oscillation is considered, and the top displacements of the chimneys are evaluated using the considered models. The results of the analytical model are compared with those obtained from the numerical solution of the wake–oscillator coupled equations. The response behavior of the cylinder and three chimneys of different heights are studied and compared with respect to critical parametric variations. The results of the study indicate that the numerical analysis is essential to capture the effect of non-linear aeroelastic phenomena in the solutions, especially for small damping. Further, except for the models proposed by Farshidian and Dolatabadi, other models predict nearly the same responses. The non-linear model predicts a much higher response as compared to the linear model.

Semantics Aware Loop Closure Detection in Visual SLAM

Saba Arshad,Gon-Woo Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2021 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

Loop closure detection is of vital importance to simultaneous localization and mapping for robot motion in an unknown environment. This research reviews the deep learning approaches using semantic information for loop closure detection. In view of shortcomings of the existing research, an improved loop closure detection method is proposed in this research fusing semantic information with a feature-based Bag-of-Words model. RefineNet is used for high-resolution semantic segmentation and dense semantic feature extraction. Semantics being invariant to viewpoint changes and dynamic environment can improve the overall performance of the environment.

Edible Coating of Aloe Vera Gel on Guava for Microbe’s Activity Inhibition and Increase of Shelf Life

Saba Noreen,Zareena Mushtaq,Soon Sung Lim 한국식품영양과학회 2022 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2022 No.10