The radiation shielding competence and imaging spectroscopic based studies of Iron ore region of Kozhikode district, Kerala

S. Arivazhagan,K.A. Naseer,K.A. Mahmoud,S.A. Bassam,P.N. Naseef Mohammed,N.K. Libeesh,A.S. Sachana,M.I. Sayyed,Mohammed S. Alqahtani,E. El Shiekh,Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.7

Hyperspectral data and its ability to explore the minerals and their associated rocks have a remarkable application in mineral exploration and lithological characterization. The present study aims to explore the radiation shielding aspects of the iron ore in Kerala with the aid of the Hyperion hyperspectral dataset. The reflectance-spectra obtained from the laboratory conditions as well as from the image show various absorptions. The results from the spectra are validated with geochemical data and GPS points. The Monte Carlo simulation employed to evaluate the radiation shielding ability. Raising the oxygen ions caused a noteworthy decrease in the µ values of the studied rocks which is accompanied by an increase in Δ_0.5 and Δ_eq values. The Δ_0.5 and Δ_eq values increased by factors of approximately 77 % with raising the oxygen ions between 44.32 and 47.57 wt.%. The µ values varies with the oxygen concentrations, where the µ values decreased from 2.531 to 0.925 cm^-1 (at 0.059 MeV), from 0.381to 0.215 cm^-1 (at 0.662 MeV), and from 0.279 to 0.158 cm^-1 (at 1.25 MeV) with raising the oxygen ions from 44.32 to 47.43 wt.%.

A combined hydrochemical-statistical analysis of Saq aquifer, northwestern part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Yousef Nazzal,Izrar Ahmed,Nassir S.N. Al-Arifi,Habes Ghrefat,Awni Batayneh,Bassam A. Abuamarah,Faisal K. Zaidi 한국지질과학협의회 2015 Geosciences Journal Vol.19 No.1

The present study includes detailed hydrochemicalassessment of groundwater resources of Saq aquifer. The Saq aquifercovers a large area (about 375,000 km²) and lies in the arid regionwith low annual rainfall and extremely high evaporation. In the studyarea, groundwater serves as the major source for agricultural activityand for domestic usages. A total of 295 groundwater samples collectedand were analyzed for physico-chemical parameters such ashydrogen ion concentration (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS) andelectrical conductivity (EC), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), magnesium(Mg2+), and calcium (Ca2+) ,bicarbonate (HCO3) chloride(Cl−), sulfate (SO42−) and nitrate (NO3). The goal and challenge forthe statistical overview was to delineate chemical distributions ina complex, heterogeneous set of data spanning over a large geographicrange. After de-clustering to create a uniform spatial sample distributionwith 295 samples, histograms and quantile-quantile (Q-Q)plots were employed to delineate subpopulations that have coherentchemical affinities. The elements showing significantly higher positivecorrelation are: TDS with EC; Ca with EC, TDS; Mg and EC,TDS, Ca, K; Cl and EC, TDS, Mg, Na, Ca; SO4 and EC, TDS, Ca,Cl, Na, Mg. The distribution of major ions in the groundwater isNa+ > Ca++ > Mg++ > K+ and Cl− > SO4−2 > HCO3− > NO3−. Ionicabundance plot of alkalis with Ca and Mg is suggestive of mix typetrends of concentrations as evident by moderate correlation (r =0.57). About 60% of the total samples have alkalis abundance andrests have more Ca + Mg concentrations than alkalis. Taking bothresults of cluster tree and geochemical features of variables intoconsideration, the authors classify the elements into two major groups,the first includes TDS, Na, EC, Cl, Ca, SO4, and Mg, where therelationship within the group are strong. The second group includesK, HCO3, pH, and NO3. This group has close relationship with group1 demonstrate that, the increase in the concentration to some elementscould be the same. Some of the analyzed parameters approach anormal distribution, as both their skewnesses and kurtoses reachclose to “0”. The study revealed that, all of the element pairs exhibitpositive relations.

The prediction of compressive strength and non-destructive tests of sustainable concrete by using artificial neural networks

Ahmed M. Tahwia,Ashraf Heniegal,Mohamed S. Elgamal,Bassam A. Tayeh 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2021 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.27 No.1

The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a system, which is utilized for solving complicated problems by using nonlinear equations. This study aims to investigate compressive strength, rebound hammer number (RN), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of sustainable concrete containing various amounts of fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag (BFS). In this study, the artificial neural network technique connects a nonlinear phenomenon and the intrinsic properties of sustainable concrete, which establishes relationships between them in a model. To this end, a total of 645 data sets were collected for the concrete mixtures from previously published papers at different curing times and test ages at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180 days to propose a model of nine inputs and three outputs. The ANN model’s statistical parameter R2 is 0.99 of the training, validation, and test steps, which showed that the proposed model provided good prediction of compressive strength, RN, and UPV of sustainable concrete with the addition of cement.

Flexural performance of RC beams incorporating Zinc-rich and epoxy bonding coating layers exposed to fire

Dina E. Tobbala,Ahmed S. Rashed,Bassam A. Tayeh 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.82 No.2

Zinc-rich epoxy (ZRE) is used to overcome corrosion problems in reinforced concrete (RC) beams and coat steel rebars to protect them from humidity and chlorides. An extra coating layer of Sikadur-31 epoxy (SDE) is utilised to increase bond strength because the use of ZRE reduces the bond strength between concrete and steel rebars. However, the low melting point of SDE indicates that concrete specimens are vulnerable to fire. An experimental investigation on flexural performance of RC beams incorporating ZRE-SDE coating of steel rebars that were destroyed by fire is performed in this study. Twenty beams of five concrete mixes with different cementitious contents were tested to compare fire exposure for coated and uncoated rebars of the same beams at room temperature and determine the optimal cementitious content. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also applied to investigate characteristics of fired mixture samples. Results showed that the use of SDE-ZRE at room temperature improves flexural strengths of the five mixes compared with uncoated rebars with percentages ranging from 8.5% to 12.3%. All beams with SDE-ZRE lost approximately 50% of their flexural strength due to firing. Moreover, the mix incorporating SF (silica fume) of 15% and cement content of 400 kg/m3 introduces optimum behaviour compared with other mixes. All results were supported and verified by the SEM analysis and compressive strength of cubic specimens of the same mixes.

Theoretical prediction and electrochemical evaluation of vinylimidazole and allylimidazole as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1M HCl

I.B. Obot,S.A. Umoren,Z.M. Gasem,Rami Suleiman,Bassam El Ali 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

Corrosion inhibition potentials of two imidazole derivatives namely, vinylimidazole (VI) andallylimidazole (AI) for carbon steel in 1M HCl at 25 C were predicted theoretically using quantumchemical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. DFT calculations indicated that VI ismore reactive towards steel surface than AI. Equilibruim adsorption behaviour of VI and AI molecules onFe2O3 (010) surface was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The equilibriumadsorption energy followed the order: VI > AI. Theoretical conclusions were subsequently validatedexperimentally using potentiodynamic polarization, linear polarization resistance, electrochemicalimpedance spectroscopy, and surface analytical techniques (SEM and AFM).

Potential of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles as Nanocatalyst for Enhanced Degradation of Cellulose by Cellulase

Salunke, Bipinchandra K.,Sawant, Shailesh S.,Kang, Tae Koo,Seo, Deok Yun,Cha, Youngjong,Moon, Sun A.,Alkotaini, Bassam,Sathiyamoorthi, Ezhaveni,Kim, Beom Soo Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a result of their excellent optical and electronic properties are promising catalytic materials for various applications. In this study, we demonstrate a novel approach for enhanced degradation of cellulose using biosynthesized AgNPs in an enzyme catalyzed reaction of cellulose hydrolysis by cellulase. AgNPs were synthesized through reduction of silver nitrate by extracts of five medicinal plants (<I>Mentha arvensis</I>var.<I>piperascens, Buddleja officinalis</I>Maximowicz,<I>Epimedium koreanum</I>Nakai,<I>Artemisia messer-schmidtiana</I>Besser, and<I>Magnolia kobus</I>). An increase of around twofold in reducing sugar formation confirmed the catalytic activity of AgNPs as nanocatalyst. The present study suggests that immobilization of the enzyme onto the surface of the AgNPs can be useful strategy for enhanced degradation of cellulose, which can be utilized for diverse industrial applications.</P>