Kinetic and Energetic Parameters of Carob Wastes Fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Crabtree Effect, Ethanol Toxicity, and Invertase Repression

Rodrigues, B.,Peinado, J.M.,Raposo, S.,Constantino, A.,Quintas, C.,Lima-Costa, M.E. The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

Carob waste is a useful raw material for the second-generation ethanol because 50% of its dry weight is sucrose, glucose, and fructose. To optimize the process, we have studied the influence of the initial concentration of sugars on the fermentation performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. With initial sugar concentrations (S₀ ) of 20 g/l, the yeasts were derepressed and the ethanol produced during the exponential phase was consumed in a diauxic phase. The rate of ethanol consumption decreased with increasing S₀ and disappeared at 250 g/l when the Crabtree effect was complete and almost all the sugar consumed was transformed into ethanol with a yield factor of 0.42 g/g. Sucrose hydrolysis was delayed at high S₀ because of glucose repression of invertase synthesis, which was triggered at concentrations above 40 g/l. At S₀ higher than 250 g/l, even when glucose had been exhausted, sucrose was hydrolyzed very slowly, probably due to an inhibition at this low water activity. Although with lower metabolic rates and longer times of fermentation, 250 g/l is considered the optimal initial concentration because it avoids the diauxic consumption of ethanol and maintains enough invertase activity to consume all the sucrose, and also avoids the inhibitions due to lower water activities at higher S₀ .

Results from the Survey of Antibiotic Resistance (SOAR) 2012–14 in Thailand, India, South Korea and Singapore

Torumkuney, D.,Chaiwarith, R.,Reechaipichitkul, W.,Malatham, K.,Chareonphaibul, V.,Rodrigues, C.,Chitins, D. S.,Dias, M.,Anandan, S.,Kanakapura, S.,Park, Y. J.,Lee, K.,Lee, H.,Kim, J. Y.,Lee, Y.,Lee, Oxford University Press 2016 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Vol.71 No.suppl1

<P>Objectives: To provide susceptibility data for community-acquired respiratory tract isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis collected in 2012-14 from four Asian countries. Methods: MICs were determined using Etest (R) for all antibiotics except erythromycin, which was evaluated by disc diffusion. Susceptibility was assessed using CLSI, EUCAST and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) breakpoints. For macrolide/clindamycin interpretation, breakpoints were adjusted for incubation in CO2 where available. Results: Susceptibility of S. pneumoniae was generally lower in South Korea than in other countries. Penicillin susceptibility assessed using CLSI oral or EUCAST breakpoints ranged from21.2% in South Korea to 63.8% in Singapore. In contrast, susceptibility using CLSI intravenous breakpointswasmuch higher, at 79% in South Korea and similar to 95% or higher elsewhere. Macrolide susceptibilitywas similar to 20% in South Korea and similar to 50%-60% elsewhere. Among S. pyogenes isolates (India only), erythromycin susceptibility (similar to 20%) was lowest of the antibiotics tested. In H. influenzae antibiotic susceptibility was high except for ampicillin, where susceptibility ranged from 16.7% in South Korea to 91.1% in India. South Korea also had a high percentage (18.1%) of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant isolates. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid susceptibility for each pathogen (PK/PD high dose) was between 93% and 100% in all countries except for H. influenzae in South Korea (62.5%). Conclusions: Use of EUCAST versus CLSI breakpoints had profound differences for cefaclor, cefuroxime and ofloxacin, with EUCASTshowing lower susceptibility. Therewas considerable variability in susceptibilityamong countries in the same region. Thus, continued surveillance is necessary to track future changes in antibiotic resistance.</P>

Role and effect of traditional markets: The internationally awarded case of Barcelos

Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira,José Braga Rui,Queirós Rodrigues Benilda 한국마케팅과학회 2022 마케팅과학연구 Vol.32 No.3

Social, economic, and environment sustainability are more than ever hot topics. Because of their importance in this context, we examine how and why traditional markets play such a critical role in local as well as regional development and sustainability, along with their respective effects. We use a single case methodology based on the internationally awarded case of Barcelos (a northern region of Portugal). The main results show that the traditional market of Barcelos plays a critical role in the region, especially with respect to socioeconomic, environmental, and political and administrative effects. To optimize the role and influence of this traditional market, authors suggest the application of artificial intelligence.

Personal marketing and the recruitment and selection process: Hiring attributes and particularities in tourism and hospitality

Sérgio Dominique-Ferreira,Queirós Rodrigues Benilda,José Braga Rui 한국마케팅과학회 2022 마케팅과학연구 Vol.32 No.3

The competitiveness of the labour market is a critical challenge for future professionals. This work intends to analyse the importance of personal marketing in the professionalization of human resources, as well as the most valued skills in the labour market. For this purpose, sample was composed of recent graduates in tourism/hospitality and other areas (for comparison). The main results show that using personal marketing techniques in job search, develop a personal brand and digital social strategically are perceived as key in the tourism industry. This work enables academic institutions to better adjust tourism degree programmes, as well as a more efficient programme assessment and evaluation. It also provides employees valuable information to be more competitive in the labour market.

Effect of ripening time on bacteriological and physicochemical goat milk cheese characteristics

Rodrigo V. Moreira,Marion P. Costa,Beatriz S. Frasao,Vivian S. Sobral,Claudius C. Cabral,Bruna L. Rodrigues,Se´rgio B. Mano,Carlos A. Conte-Junior 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.4

Cheese ripening involves lactose metabolism, lipolysis and proteolysis, which are affected by many factors. The aim of this study was to assess changes due to ripening (90 days) of goat milk cheese through bacteriological and physicochemical analysis in order to verify if, at the end of ripening period, this cheese could be considered ‘‘lactose-free’’. Three batches of the goat milk cheese were manufactured and ripened at 10 C and 80% relative humidity for 90 days. Titratable acidity increased by about 59 D due to carbohydrate degradation and organic acid production. However, pH (5.31–5.25) remained constant. Lactococcus was the dominant cheese microbiota, acting in the fermentation of lactose (1.17–0.06 mg/g) and lactic acid production (5.49– s10.01 mg/g). Thus, ripening time was decisive for bacteriological and physicochemical goat milk cheese characteristics.

Mechanical Properties of Alumina Nanofilled Polymeric Composites Cured with DDSA and MNA

Ana M. Amaro,Deesy G. Pinto,Luís Bernardo,Sérgio Lopes,João Rodrigues,Cristina S. Louro 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.2

Reinforced concrete is widely used in structures. New materials to replace both the steel and the concrete have been studied in many research centres. One of the possibilities for the reinforcement is the partial or total replacement of the steel bars by new composite materials. Nano composites are very promising, and an investigation line was developed to this end by an interdisciplinary team. On this work, the mechanical properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites (EPNCs) filled with α-Al2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) with irregular shape and approximately 100 nm maximum diameter size was investigated. The variable study was the alumina NPs contents: 1, 3 and 5 wt.%. The NPs were previously pretreated with a silane agent (APTES). Two hardeners, 3-dodec-2-enyloxolane-2,5-dione (DDSA) and 8-methyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-2- benzofuran-1,3-dione (MNA), frequently used in epoxy resin embedding tissues, were used simultaneously for this study. Unlike other hardeners, DDSA does not need curing treatment, constituting a novel application and a saving time-energy during the manufacturing process. Considering the mechanical behaviour, it was observed that the EPNCs filled with 5 wt.% of alumina NPs showed the maximum improvement in flexural modulus, around 14 % when compared to the pristine EP sample. No relevant effect was observed on the flexural strength by adding alumina NPs. Additionally, the maximum increase observed for hardness, and Young’s modulus were about 13 % and 28 %, respectively (the maximum increase was observed at 3 wt.%).

Colony Age of Trichoderma azevedoi Alters the Profile of Volatile Organic Compounds and Ability to Suppress Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Bean Plants

Lincon Rafael da Silva,Leonardo Luís de Barros Rodrigues,Amanda Silva Botelho,Bruna Sartório de Castro,Paulo Henrique Pereira Costa Muniz,Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes,Sueli Corrêa Marques de Mello 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.1

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important crops in human food production. The occurrence of diseases, such as white mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can limit the production of this legume. The use of Trichoderma has become an important strategy in the suppression of this disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by Trichoderma azevedoi CEN1241 in five different growth periods on the severity of white mold in common bean. The in vitro assays were carried out in double-plate and split-plate, and the in vivo assays, through the exposure of the mycelia of S. sclerotiorum to the VOCs of T. azevedoi CEN1241 and subsequent inoculation in bean plants. Chemical analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detected 37 VOCs produced by T. azevedoi CEN1241, covering six major chemical classes. The profile of VOCs produced by T. azevedoi CEN1241 varied according to colony age and was shown to be related to the ability of the biocontrol agent to suppress S. sclerotiorum. T. azevedoi CEN1241 VOCs reduced the size of S. sclerotiorum lesions on bean fragments in vitro and reduced disease severity in a greenhouse. This study demonstrated in a more applied way that the mechanism of antibiosis through the production of volatile compounds exerted by Trichoderma can complement other mechanisms, such as parasitism and competition, thus contributing to a better efficiency in the control of white mold in bean plants.

Evaluation of 2 techniques of epithelial removal in subepithelial connective tissue graft surgery: a comparative histological study

Paola Marques de Mattos,Vula Papalexiou,Vinícius Augusto Tramontina,Sung Hyun Kim,Sônia Mara Luczyszyn,Patrícia Vida Cassi Bettega,Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues Johann 대한치주과학회 2020 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.50 No.1

Purpose: Subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTGs) are commonly performed for the treatment of gingival recession due to their high predictability. This study evaluated and histologically compared connective tissue grafts in terms of the presence of epithelial remnants and composition of the tissue types that were present (epithelium, lamina propria, and submucosa). Methods: Ten patients underwent epithelium removal using 2 different techniques: the use of a blade (group B) and through abrasion (group A). Twenty samples were collected and each tissue type was analyzed histologically in terms of its area, thickness, and proportion of the total area of the graft. Results: In 4 samples (40%) from group B (n=10) and 2 samples (20%) from group A (n=10), the presence of an epithelial remnant was observed, but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant ( P >0.05). Likewise, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the area, mean thickness, or proportion of the total area for any of the tissue types ( P >0.05). Conclusions: Histologically, SCTGs did not show statistically significant differences in terms of their tissue composition depending on whether they were separated from the epithelial tissue by abrasion or by using a blade.

Dietary chia (Salvia hispanica L.) improves the nutritional quality of broiler meat

Mendonça Nicole Batelli de Souza Nardelli,Sobrane Filho Sérgio Turra,Oliveira David Henrique de,Lima Eduardo Machado Costa,Rosa Priscila Vieira e,Faria Peter Bitencourt,Naves Luciana de Paula,Rodrigue 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: The current study was conducted to evaluate the quality and profile of fatty acid in the breast and thigh, and the performance of broilers fed diets containing seed or oil of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) as a replacement for soybean, in the rearing period from 29 to 42 days of age. Methods: On the 29th day of age, 120 broilers were distributed in four treatments evaluated in five replicates of six birds. The grain or oil of soybean was respectively replaced on a weight-to-weight basis in the formulation by the seed or oil of chia, constituting the experimental diets. The roasted whole soybean and chia seed were included in the feed at 16.4%, whereas the soybean and chia oils were included at 2.5%. Results: The dietary chia oil increased the lipid peroxidation in the thigh meat, and the dietary chia seed increased the cooking loss of the thigh. However, for the other physicochemical parameters evaluated and for the proximate composition of the breast and thigh, in general, the inclusion of chia seed or oil in the diet provided similar or better results than those observed when the diets contained soybean oil or roasted whole soybean. With regard to the fatty acid profile and associated parameters, dietary chia increased the concentrations of α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids and reduced the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices of the broiler meat. However, the dietary chia seed worsened the feed conversion ratio. Conclusion: Diet containing 2.5% chia oil supplied to broilers during the period from 29 to 42 days of age improves the feed conversion ratio, increases the deposition of the ω-3 fatty acids in the breast and thigh, in addition to reducing the Σω-6:Σω-3 ratio and the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices, thereby resulting in meat with higher nutritional quality.

Successful nonsurgical treatment of type II dens invaginatus with 5 root canals using a self-adjusting file: a case report

Candeiro George Táccio de Miranda,de Menezes Antônio Sérgio Teixeira,de Oliveira Ana Carolina Saldanha,Alves Flávio Rodrigues Ferreira 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.2

The present report describes the endodontic treatment of an Oehlers type II dens invaginatus in a maxillary lateral incisor with 5 root canals, an extremely rare condition. Apical periodontitis and related symptoms were noted. Cone-beam computed tomography was used to aid the diagnosis, reveal tooth morphology, and assist in canal location. The pulp chamber was carefully accessed, and the root canals were explored under magnification. All root canals were prepared with an R25 Reciproc Blue system and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation. After initial preparation, a self-adjusting file (SAF) with NaOCl and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was used to complement the disinfection. Additionally, calcium hydroxide medication was applied. Vertical compaction was used to fill the canals with a calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer and gutta-percha. After 12 months, the patient exhibited healing of the periapical region, absence of symptoms, and normal dental function. In conclusion, this nonsurgical treatment protocol was successful in promoting the cure of apical periodontitis. Both complementary disinfection with an SAF and use of calcium hydroxide medication should be considered when choosing the best treatment approach for dens invaginatus with very complex anatomy.