The Lexicon Project: Identifying and Unpacking the Technical Vocabulary of Japanese Mathematics Teachers

( Shimizu ),( Yoshinori ) 한국수학교육학회 2017 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2017 No.2

The Japanese tradition of Lesson Study has created a teaching community in which observation and discussion of teaching are integral parts of professional practice with particular lexical terms of specific significance. The current study aims to address the terms that Japanese teachers use to describe the phenomena of the school mathematics classroom. The study explores the constituent elements and structural characteristics of the Japanese lexicon, as a part of the international Lexicon Project that aims to document and compare the naming systems in nine participating countries. Each participating team contributed a videotaped lesson to be included in a stimulus package viewed by team members in each country to identify the wellestablished pedagogical terms or phrases of used in the communities. We created a lexicon of 76 terms and their extensive descriptions. An electronic survey was conducted for a national validation to examine how familiar the terms were for the mathematics teachers in Japan. Overall, the terms were very familiar to the respondents, although some terms were somewhat less frequently in use. An evolving nature of lexical terms has appeared through the process of analyses. Issues and challenges in studying local Lexicon are discussed.

Two-Dimensional Superstructure Formation of Fluorinated Fullerene on Au(111): A Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study

Shimizu, Tomoko K.,Jung, Jaehoon,Otani, Tetsuya,Han, Young-Kyu,Kawai, Maki,Kim, Yousoo American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.3

<P>A two-dimensional fluorinated fullerene (C<SUB>60</SUB>F<SUB>36</SUB>) superstructure has been successfully formed on Au(111) and was investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory calculations. Although there exist three isomers (<I>C</I><SUB>3</SUB>, <I>C</I><SUB>1</SUB>, and <I>T</I>) in our molecular source, STM images of the molecules in the well-ordered region all appear identical, with 3-fold symmetry. This observation together with the differences in the calculated lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) distribution among the three isomers suggests that a well-ordered monolayer consists of only the <I>C</I><SUB>3</SUB> isomer. Because of the strong electron-accepting ability of C<SUB>60</SUB>F<SUB>36</SUB>, the adsorption orientation can be explained by localized distribution of its LUMO, where partial electron transfer from Au(111) occurs. Intermolecular C–F···π electrostatic interactions are the other important factor in the formation of the superstructure, which determines the lateral orientation of C<SUB>60</SUB>F<SUB>36</SUB> molecules on Au(111). On the basis of scanning tunneling spectra obtained inside the superstructure, we found that the LUMO is located at 1.0 eV above the Fermi level (<I>E</I><SUB>F</SUB>), while the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) is at 4.6 eV below the <I>E</I><SUB>F</SUB>. This large energy gap with the very deep HOMO as well as uniform electronic structure in the molecular layer implies a potential for application of C<SUB>60</SUB>F<SUB>36</SUB> to an electron transport layer in organic electronic devices.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-3/nn300064x/production/images/medium/nn-2012-00064x_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn300064x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Toward the Construction of High-tech Infrastructure for Clean Manufacturing in Japanese Chemical Industry -Challenge of Simple Chemistry Program-

Shimizu, Yoshiaki The Korean Society of Clean Technology 1996 청정기술 Vol.2 No.2

Being confronted with the 21th century at hand, a paradigm shift has been a common topic for development in many fields. Among these, a concept of sustainable development is the most important one to resolve conflict and nurture mutualism between science/technology(SCI/TEC) and society/environment(SOC/ENV). Looking briefly over the resent stats of the chemical industry in Japan, in this paper, we will introduce a research program named simple chemistry as an example for such a challenge.

Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of Lower Lumbar Osteoporotic Vertebral Collapse with Symptomatic Stenosis: A Surgical Strategy from a Multicenter Case Series

Shimizu Takayoshi,Fujibayashi Shunsuke,Masuda Soichiro,Kimura Hiroaki,Ishibe Tatsuya,Ota Masato,Tamaki Yasuyuki,Onishi Eijiro,Ito Hideo,Otsuki Bungo,Murata Koichi,Matsuda Shuichi 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.6

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter case series was conducted.Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the clinical features and surgical outcomes of lower lumbar osteoporotic vertebral collapse (LL-OVC) with symptomatic stenosis based on various surgical procedures and classify them using the newly developed collapse severity criteria.Overview of Literature: The surgical outcomes of LL-OVC with symptomatic stenosis remain unclear.Methods: We investigated patients who underwent surgical intervention for LL-OVC (L3, L4, and/or L5) with symptomatic foraminal and/or central stenosis from eight spine centers. Only patients with a minimum follow-up duration of 1 year were included. We developed new criteria to grade vertebral collapse severity (grade 1, 0%–25%; grade 2, 25%–50%; grade 3, 50%–75%; and grade 4, 75%–100%). The clinical features and outcomes were compared based on the collapse grade and surgical procedures performed (i.e., decompression alone, posterior lateral fusion [PLF], lateral interbody fusion [LIF], posterior/transforaminal interbody fusion [PLIF/TLIF], or vertebral column resection [VCR]).Results: In this study, 59 patients (average age, 77.4 years) were included. The average follow-up period was 24.6 months. The clinical outcome score (Japanese Orthopaedic Association score) was more favorable in the LIF and PLIF/TLIF groups than in the decompression alone, PLF, and VCR groups. The use of VCR was associated with a high rate of revision surgery (57.1%). No significant difference in clinical outcomes was observed between the collapse grades; however, grade 4 collapse was associated with a high rate of revision surgery (40.0%).Conclusions: When treating LL-OVC, appropriate instrumented reconstruction with rigid intervertebral stability is necessary. According to our newly developed criteria, LIF may be a surgical option for any collapse grade. The use of VCR for grade 4 collapse is associated with a high rate of revision.

MONITORING OF ROLLING WERA USING THE POTENTIAL DROP METHOD

Shimizu, Tomoharu,Ueno, Hiroharu,Iwabuchi Akira ENGINEERING TRIBOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNGPOOK 1998 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH PERFORMANCE OF TRI Vol.1998 No.-

A surface damage evaluation system was developed. The alternating current porential drop(ACPD) method was used in this system. This system consists of a personal computer, a frequency generator, a power current amplifier, two DC amplifiers and two high speed A/D converters and has a compensating technique for inductive pick-up of AC voltage. The inductive pick-up is a most important cause of measurement error at ACPD method. Middle carbon steel and bearing steel were used for rolling wear specimens, and reciprocating rolling wear tests were carried out. Signals of ACPD from durface which damaged with rolling wear and applied alternating current were measured. These signals were analyzed by computer program and the phase difference between these signals was detected. Then the inductive pick-up was compensated. We could estimate the true value of ACPD voltage successfully and show surface damage(rolling wear) with the increase of AC potential drop.

A Gate Drive Circuit for Low Switching Losses and Snubber Energy Recovery

Shimizu, Toshihisa,Wada, Keiji The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2009 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.9 No.2

In order to increase the power density of power converters, reduction of the switching losses at high-frequency switching conditions is one of the most important issues. This paper presents a new gate drive circuit that enables the reduction of switching losses in both the Power MOSFET and the IGBT. A distinctive feature of this method is that both the turn-on loss and the turn-off loss are decreased simultaneously without using a conventional ZVS circuit, such as the quasi-resonant adjunctive circuit. Experimental results of the switching loss of both the Power MOSFET and the IGBT are shown. In addition, an energy recovery circuit suitable for use in IGBTs that can be realized by modifying the proposed gate drive circuit is also proposed. The effectiveness of both the proposed circuits was confirmed experimentally by the buck-chopper circuit.

Japanese Education System and Science Curriculum in the Next Decade

Shimizu, Kinya 한국과학교육학회 2001 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.21 No.5

In the response to the reports of the Central Council for Education (CCE) and the Curriculum Council, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) announced the new standards for science education in 1998 and 1999. In order to develop the zest for living amid the room to grow, the new standard intended to change some feature of our science education. Firstly, the number of hours in science class is reduced approximately from 10% to 40% in all grades. Secondly, the new standard specifies the task in terms of science process skills and attitude that each student is expected to learn at each grade. Thirdly, by adding statement such as with their own purpose (or forecasts), it intend to connect the school knowledge and students' previous experiences. Forth, the new standard announced to sets three integrated science subjects in the upper secondary school, which provide comprehensive view of nature, science and technology. In the reaction to the revision, educators and scientists are discussing the issues about the effects of the reduction of the science concepts, student motivation problem, and the effects on our future society.

수정사망지수에 의한 조건체(표준하체) 분석과 보험체평가기준의 재고

Shimizu, Ichiro,Ishimaru, Hirofumi 한국생명보험의학회 1997 保險醫學會誌 Vol.16 No.-

Health Promoting Effects of Lactoferrin from Milk

Shimizu, Hirohiko,Ando, Kunio,Hoshino, Tatsuo Korean Society of Milk Science and Biotechnology 2006 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.24 No.2

The ubiquitous presence of lactoferrin(LF) receptor in human as reported by the research group of Prof. Bo Lonnerdal, Univ. California (Suzuki, Y. A.,2001) encouraged us to search for the unknown physiological roles of Lf. Under the collaboration with Prof. Etsumori Harada, Tottori Univ., and his research group, we have found two novel biological activities of LF as the control of the lipid metabolism and the effect on the central nervous system. Relating to the lipid metabolism, LF could, in animal experiments, reduce triglyceride and total cholesterol both in blood and liver (Takeuchi, T et αl., 2003). LF increased plasms HDL-C and lowered LDL-C. In the central nervous system, LF showed anti-nociceptive activity mediated by ${\mu}$-opioid receptor in the rat spinal cord (Hayashida, K. et al., 2003). LF enhanced analgesic action of morphine synergistically via nitric oxide synthesis (Hayashida, K., et al., 2003) LF showed opioid-mediated suppressive effect on distress induced by maternal separation in rat pups (Takeuchi, T., et al., 2003).

Telesurgery System with Original-Quality Moving Images over High-Speed Internet: Expansion Within the Asia-Pacific Region

Shimizu, Shuji,Nakashima, Naoki,Okamura, Koji,Han, Ho-Seong,Tanaka, Masao Mary Ann Liebert 2007 Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Te Vol.17 No.5