http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
MST1 Regulates Neuronal Cell Death via JNK/Casp3 Signaling Pathway in HFD Mouse Brain and HT22 Cells
Khan, Mehtab,Rutten, Bart P. F.,Kim, Myeong Ok MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.10
<P>Oxidative stress has been considered as the main mediator in neurodegenerative diseases. A high-fat diet (HFD) and metabolic diseases result in oxidative stress generation, leading to various neurodegenerative diseases via molecular mechanisms that remain largely unknown. Protein kinases play an important role in the homeostasis between cell survival and cell apoptosis. The mammalian sterile 20-like kinase-1 (MST1) protein kinase plays an important role in cellular apoptosis in different organ systems, including the central nervous system. In this study, we evaluated the MST1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) dependent oxidative damage mediated cognitive dysfunction in HFD-fed mice and stress-induced hippocampal HT22 (mice hippocampal) cells. Our Western blot and immunofluorescence results indicate that HFD and stress-induced hippocampal HT22 cells activate MST1/JNK/Caspase-3 (Casp-3) signaling, which regulates neuronal cell apoptosis and beta-amyloid-cleaving enzyme (BACE1) expression and leads to impaired cognition. Moreover, MST1 expression inhibition by shRNA significantly reduced JNK/Casp-3 signaling. Our in vivo and in vitro experiments mimicking metabolic stress, such as a high-fat diet, hyperglycemia, and an inflammatory response, determined that MST1 plays a key regulatory role in neuronal cell death and cognition, suggesting that MST1 could be a potential therapeutic target for numerous neurodegenerative diseases.</P>
Slender Ca ii H Fibrils Mapping Magnetic Fields in the Low Solar Chromosphere
Jafarzadeh, S.,Rutten, R. J.,Solanki, S. K.,Wiegelmann, T.,Riethmü,ller, T. L.,Noort, M. van,Szydlarski, M.,Rodrí,guez, J. Blanco,Barthol, P.,Iniesta, J. C. del Toro,Gandorfer, A.,Gizon, L. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.229 No.1
<P>A dense forest of slender bright fibrils near a small solar active region is seen in high-quality narrowband Ca II H images from the SuFI instrument onboard the SUNRISE balloon-borne solar observatory. The orientation of these slender Ca II H fibrils (SCF) overlaps with the magnetic field configuration in the low solar chromosphere derived by magnetostatic extrapolation of the photospheric field observed with SUNRISE/IMaX and SDO/HMI. In addition, many observed SCFs are qualitatively aligned with small-scale loops computed from a novel inversion approach based on best-fit numerical MHD simulation. Such loops are organized in canopy-like arches over quiet areas that differ in height depending on the field strength near their roots.</P>
Eighteen-Year Disease Progression and Survival in CADASIL
Gido Gravesteijn,Remco J. Hack,Anna M. van Opstal,Bastian J. van Eijsden,Huub A.M. Middelkoop,Mar D.M. Rodriguez Girondo,Annemieke Aartsma-Rus,Jeroen van de Grond,Julie W. Rutten,Saskia A.J. Lesnik Ob 대한뇌졸중학회 2021 Journal of stroke Vol.23 No.1
.