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Influence of the Cyclic Parameters on the Nitric Oxide Formation in the Diesel Engine
로스리 아부 바카(Rosli Abu Bakar),이창식(C. S. Lee) 한국자동차공학회 1998 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.6 No.1
This study describes the influence of combustion parameters on the nitric oxide emission, such as injection timing, air flow rate, injected amount of fuel, and compression ratio of engine. In order to determine the influence factors on the nitric oxide emission, the experiment were investiwith various parameters of engine cycle. According to the results of this study, the retardaof injection timing and the increases of airflow rate, and the decreases of fuel injection amount reduce the nitric oxide concentration in the exhaust emissions. Also, the increases of comratio of engine increase in the concentration of nitric oxide formation in the combustion chamber. The results of this study give a guideline to decrease the nitric oxide formation by using the simulation program.<br/>
Reduan Farhan Hanif,Shaari Rosly Mohd,Sayuti Nurul Syahirah Ahmad,Mustapha Noordin Mohamed,Abu Bakar Md Zuki,Sithambaram Shanmugavelu,Hamzah Hazilawati 한국독성학회 2020 Toxicological Research Vol.36 No.3
Melastoma malabathricum is a well-known herb in Malaysia where it being used in various ways for treatment of different diseases and ailments including skin problems. The study aims to investigate acute and subacute dermal toxicity of ethanolic extract of M. malabathricum leaves following to a single or repeated doses exposure. A total of 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into 5 groups (n = 6 per group) for both acute and subacute toxicity study. The duration for each study was determined at 14 days for acute toxicity and 28 days for subacute toxicity. The rats were topically applied with the plant extract at three different doses; 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% on the shaved area of dorsal skin. For acute toxicity study, rats in all three groups received single application of the extract on the first day of the experimental period, while rats in subacute toxicity study were topically applied with the extract once daily for 28 days. Throughout the respective 14-day and 28-day study periods, all rats were monitored for any changes in their physical appearance and behavioural patterns that might develop due to toxic effects of the plant. There were no mortality or abnormal physical appearance, and physiological and behavioural changes observed in all rats in both studies. Body weights, kidney and liver weights, and both haematology and serum biochemistry results showed no significant (p > 0.05) differences between all groups in both studies. All of the findings were supported by normal macroscopic and microscopic architectures of liver, kidneys and skin of all rats applied topically with the extract. This study suggests that topical application of M. malabathricum leaf ethanolic extract at 2.5%, 5% and 10% does not induce acute and subacute adverse effects on the skin or systemic toxic reactions in rats.
직접분사식 디젤엔지에서 엔진성능과 배출가스에 대한 유화연료의 효과
이창식(C.S.Lee),로스리(ROsli Abu Bakar),김정훈(J.H.Kim) 한국자동차공학회 1997 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.6_1
The purpose of this investigation is to carry out the effect of emulsified fuel on the combustion performance and exhaust emissions in direct injection type diesel engine. To control the emission in direct injection type diesel engine, the effect of emulsified fuel on the combustion and reduction of exhaust emissions was investigated by experiment.<br/> In this study, the experiment was conduct with a single cylinder diesel engine with the various water contents in the fuel. The results showed that the emulsified fuel results in the reduction of exhaust emissions and improve the engine performance in the engine. It found that emulsified fuel increased the cylinder pressure and the rate of heat release of engine.<br/>