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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Ronald E. Samuel (검색결과 3 건)
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Ramesh C. Khanal,Luke R. Howard,Samuel E. Wilkes,Theodore J. Rogers,Ronald L. Prior 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.9
An experiment was conducted to study the protective effect of feeding extruded and unextruded blueberry pomace (BBP) on selected metabolic parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in a model of high fructose (HF)-fed growing Sprague–Dawley rats. Treatments were as follows: (1) control (modified AIN-based diet); (2) HF diet (AIN diet with 58% fructose); (3) HF diet with 1.5% unextruded BBP; (4) HF diet with 1.5% extruded BBP; (5) HF diet with 3% unextruded BBP; and (6) HF diet with 3% extruded BBP. Compared with the control, HF feeding increased fasting plasma insulin and fasting and postprandial plasma triglycerides as well as homeostatic scores of insulin resistance and β-cell function, but not weight gain, diet intake and efficiency, abdominal fat, oral glucose tolerance, and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, cholesterol, and leptin levels. Inclusion of unextruded or extruded BBP was effective in minimizing or ameliorating the fructose-induced metabolic anomalies, except postprandial plasma triglycerides, especially at 3% of the diet. In addition, unextruded or extruded BBP at 3% of the diet was also able to reduce plasma cholesterol and abdominal fat relative to the HF control, which may impart additional health benefits. Compared with the control, inclusion of unextruded or extruded BBP at both 1.5% and 3% resulted in lower total fat weight, and animals fed a diet supplemented with 3% unextruded BBP in fasting state or 3% unextruded BBP in fed state had lower leptin levels than the control. This is the first study demonstrating the beneficial effects of feeding blueberry pomace on health.
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Endoscopic vacuum therapy for treatment of spontaneous and iatrogenic upper gastrointestinal defects
Kavea Panneerselvam,Jake S. Jacob,Ronald E. Samuel,Andy Tau,Gyanprakash A. Ketwaroo,Wasif M. Abidi,Robert J. Sealock 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.6
Background/Aims: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) can heal a variety of defects within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract via applyingnegative pressure, which reduces the defect size, aspirates the infected fluid, and promotes granulation tissue. Here we present our ex-perience with EVT as it relates to both spontaneous and iatrogenic upper GI tract perforations, leaks, and fistulas. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at four large hospital centers. All patients who underwent EVT between June 2018and March 2021 were included. Data on multiple variables were collected, including demographics, defect size and location, numberand intervals of EVT exchanges, technical success, and hospital length of stay. Student t-test and the chi-squared test were used to ana-lyze the data. Results: Twenty patients underwent EVT. The most common defect cause was spontaneous esophageal perforation (50%). The mostcommon defect location was the distal esophagus (55%). The success rate was 80%. Seven patients were treated with EVT as the prima-ry closure method. The mean number of exchanges was five with a mean interval of 4.3 days between exchanges. The mean length ofhospital stay was 55.8 days. Conclusions: EVT is a safe and effective initial management option for esophageal leaks and perforations.
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Ramesh C. Khanal,Luke R. Howard,Theodore J. Rogers,Samuel E. Wilkes,Ishwori B. Dhakal,Ronald L. Prior 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.12
The effect of feeding grape pomace on certain metabolic parameters associated with high fructose (HF)feeding was studied. Forty male growing Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned into groups: (1) control; (2) HF; (3)HF with low-level (1.5% of diet) grape pomace (HF + LP), and (4) HF with high-level (5.0% of diet) grape pomace (HF + HP). The HF + LP and HF + HP diets provided 115 and 218 mg of procyanidins/kg, respectively. Compared with the controls, HFfed animals consumed less and were smaller, whereas animals in the HF + LP and HF + HP groups were in between. A similar trend was observed for abdominal fat and abdominal fat as a percentage of body weight. No change in heart or kidney weight occurred. Liver weight as a percentage of body weight was higher for animals when fructose was included in the diet compared with those on control diet, and inclusion of grape pomace had no effect. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels tended to be higher in animals fed HF diet, and grape pomace reduced their levels to values similar to the control animals. Compared with control animals, HF-fed animals had higher weekly postprandial plasma triglycerides, which were reduced by feeding grape pomace, but no change in plasma cholesterol was observed. Glucose intolerance was observed in animals fed HF diet and was accompanied by a 25% increase in homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance. Inclusion of grape pomace increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. No significant change (P > .1) in HOMA of β-cell function or Quantitative Insulin-Sensitivity Check Index was observed. Overall, HF diet did not produce as strong a response of metabolic syndrome as has been shown in the literature. The inclusion of grape pomace in the diet was effective in modulating some aspects of metabolic parameters associated with metabolic syndrome, and the higher level of grape pomace in the diet produced a slightly better response than the lower level.
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