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Robert M. Hackman,John A. Polagruto,Heidrun B. Gross,Faranak Kamangar,Ken-Ichi Kosuna,Buxiang Sun,Hajime Fujii,Carl L. Keen 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.4
Epidemiological studies suggest that a high dietary intake of flavanols, a subclass of flavonoids, is associatedwith reduced risk of vascular disease. Clinical studies have also shown that the consumption of certain flavanol-rich foods(e.g., cocoa, tea, red wine), as well as intake of the individual flavanol (-)-epicatechin, can result in improvement in a num-ber of parameters associated with vascular disease, including improved endothelial function, reduced platelet reactivity, andreduced oxidative stress. The present study assessed the effects of a flavanol-rich supplement on platelet reactivity and plasmaoxidant defense in a group of smokers, a population at an elevated risk for vascular disease. Male smokers were randomlyassigned to a placebo (n . 10) or a flavanol-rich grapeseed extract (FRGSE; n . 13) group, and after an overnight fast, bloodsamples were collected before and at 1, 2, and 6 hours following consumption of the placebo or supplement. The FRGSE sup-plement, but not the placebo, significantly decreased ADP-stimulated platelet reactivity at 1, 2, and 6 hours following intake(P. .05) compared to baseline levels. Similarly, the supplement, but not the placebo, decreased epinephrine-stimulated plateletreactivity 2 hours following consumption. Plasma antioxidant capacity (total radical trapping antioxidant potential), lipid ox-idation (plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), and serum uric acid concentrations were not affected in either group.Thus smokers may obtain some health benefits from the consumption of certain flavanol-rich foods, beverages, and supple-ments.
Yousef A. Al-Dashti,Roberta R. Holt,John G. Carson,Carl L. Keen,Robert M. Hackman 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.10
Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease are global health burdens, with postmenopausal women being at great risk. Dried plums/prunes (DPs) have been reported to provide bone health benefits in animal models, which is consistent with in vitro models. Data from human studies suggest that DP intake can enhance lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory, and oxidant defense systems, which can impact cardiovascular health. We tested the hypothesis that short-term consumption of low and reasonable levels of DPs augments bone resorption and vascular function. Twenty-seven healthy, postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to consume six DPs (∼42 g) or two DPs (∼14 g) per day for 2 weeks, then a 2-week washout period and then crossed over. Serum C-telopeptide, beta-crosslinked (CTX) was used as a measure of bone resorption. Peripheral artery tonometry (PAT) was used to assess microvascular function. The pattern of changes in CTX in the second 2-week period (no change or decline) differed significantly from the pattern in the first 2 weeks (increases in both groups; F = 9.26, P = .006), suggesting a trend in CTX reduction (i.e., a decrease in bone resorption) in those consuming six DPs per day in the second phase. No effects on vascular function were noted. A significant interaction was observed for the augmentation index, a measure of arterial stiffness, between treatment and years after menopause (P = .045). The results suggest a potentially favorable impact of DPs on bone health when assessed with a short-term, crossover study design in postmenopausal women. Given the novel assessments used in this study, follow-up studies are warranted.