Reassessing Deterrence Dynamics and Fragility of Peace in South Asia

Rizwana Abbasi 한국국방연구원 2016 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.28 No.3

This study reassesses conflicting strategic behavior of India and Pakistan in the changed regional environment. It predominantly focuses on evaluating the two states’ behavior in regard to their nuclear doctrines, strategies, force postures and, operational plans and their impact on deterrence stability/instability. It continues by examining the following questions: Why do these states behave distinctly on their strategic goals that make peace precarious and deterrence unstable? How far have the changing security dynamics and emerging doctrinal structures of these states made regional deterrence more or less stable? How can these states stabilize deterrence and secure regional peace? The paper finds that nuclear deterrence in South Asia apparently has stabilized the region but the peace was precariously maintained because the two states have distinct strategic direction and goals. India and Pakistan cannot avoid serious and unavoidable risks of nuclear war until they lay down their all-inclusive military plans, adopt budgetary constraints, institute an arms control mechanism and build a stable political relationship.

A Comparative Analysis of Indo-Pakistan Strategic Behavior: Effects on Regional Peace and Deterrence Stability

( Rizwana Abbasi ) 한국국방연구원 2016 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.28 No.3

This study reassesses conflicting strategic behavior of India and Pakistan in the changed regional environment. It predominantly focuses on evaluating the two states’ behavior in regard to their nuclear doctrines, strategies, force postures and, operational plans and their impact on deterrence stability/instability. It continues by examining the following questions: Why do these states behave distinctly on their strategic goals that make peace precarious and deterrence unstable? How far have the changing security dynamics and emerging doctrinal structures of these states made regional deterrence more or less stable? How can these states stabilize deterrence and secure regional peace? The paper finds that nuclear deterrence in South Asia apparently has stabilized the region but the peace was precariously maintained because the two states have distinct strategic direction and goals. India and Pakistan cannot avoid serious and unavoidable risks of nuclear war until they lay down their all-inclusive military plans, adopt budgetary constraints, institute an arms control mechanism and build a stable political relationship.

Rising Strategic Instability and Declining Prospects for Nuclear Disarmament in South Asia: A Pakistani Perspective

Rizwana Abbasi,Sufian Ullah 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2022 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.10 No.1

Growing instability marks the evolving security environment between Pakistan andIndia and hence modifies their strategic priorities. The prevailing security dynamicsin the region, such as changing nature of conflicts, introduction of new technologies,evolving deterrent force postures, and suspension of Confidence Building Measures(CBMs), have increased states’ reliance on arms build-up and decreased their inclinationto arms control and disarmament. This paper offers a Pakistani perspective onhow the prevailing regional environment seems less favorable to nuclear disarmamentand more inclined to deterrent force modernization. To explain the aboverationale, this study takes guidance from primary and secondary sources to assessdisarmament challenges, and discusses the prospects for creating a new securityenvironment in the region to promote a renewed consensus on nuclear disarmament.

Zingiber officinale: A Simple Spice with Health Benefits & Some Modern Researches

Abbasi, Hana,Khatoon, Rizwana,Kabir, Hifzul Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2019 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.9 No.2

Zingiber officinale is a spice which is having a strong historical medicinal background and used by different systems of medicine for various ailments. It is also used to maintain the characteristic sharpness and tangy essence of food and beverages and used in carbonated drinks, as a conserve in sugar syrup. Ginger considered as an incredible drug for inflammation, gastrointestinal problems, pain and sexual problems since centuries. There are many studies carried out in recent years, which proves that the active constituents of ginger shows a variety of pharmacological effects like antiemetic, hepatoprotective, anti hyperlipidemic and antibacterial. The most momentous among all the nutraceutical aspects of ginger are its positive control on gastrointestinal tract including digestive stimulant action, anticancer effect and anti-inflammatory effect.

A comprehensive review on Tukhme Kunjud (Sesamum indicum Linn.) with special reference to Unani System of Medicine.

Khatoon, Rizwana,Abbasi, Hana,Aslam, Mohammad,Chaudhary, Shahid Shah Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2019 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.9 No.3

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a rich source of edible oil most commonly it is used as a food product mainly in bakeries and also use as a common source of oil in daily kitchen needs. Due to the presence of some special phytochemicals like proteins, fibers, oil, minerals and antioxidants it is highly used for medicinal and therapeutic purposes. It is a good source of energy and act as an antiaging agent. Its seeds are used as Anti-helmintic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and Hepatoprotective but its seed coat which is a byproduct of sesame and a cherished source of fibers is normally use for animal feedstuff. In Unani system of medicine it is used both as drug & diet (dawa wa ghida). In classical Unani literature it is indicated in various disorders like Asthma, Dry Cough, Gastritis (due to any drug, excessive use of alcohol), Dryness of Intestine, Dryness in throat, Renal Stone, Bleeding Piles, Amenorrhea, Retention of urine, Dysuria, Orchitis, Sexual Debility, Anorexia. The present review article, an attempt have been made to compile all the pharmacological and Pharmacognostical characters of Sesamum indicum with special reference to Unani literature.

Regional-centric Deterrence: Reassessing its Efficacy for South Asia

( Zulfqar Khan ),( Rizwana Abbasi ) 한국국방연구원 2013 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.25 No.4

It is generally believed that a stable nuclear deterrence averts wars between nuclear adversaries, and makes peace secure. This conceptual argument has merit in terms of the prevention of all-out war; but it does not fully address the need to prevent the outbreak of a limited war between two nuclear weapon states. India and Pakistan have already fought one limited war, Kargil, in a nuclear environment. These two relatively new nuclear weapon states rely on nuclear deterrence to address the external threats. While frequently occurring conflicts demonstrate this, a recurrence of limited war cannot be ruled out in this crisis-ridden region, which would be fraught with significant dangers of escalation. Using a qualitative research approach and deploying a structural deterrence theory as a conceptual guiding tool, this paper investigates the nuclear future of the region, including the prospects of war, conflict termination strategy, escalation control, escalation dominance mechanisms, and finally suggests some pertinent lessons for crisis stability.

Curcuma longa: A treasure of medicinal properties

Ansar, Saba,Jilani, Shazia,Abbasi, Hana,Siraj, Mantasha binth,Hashimi, Ayshah,Ahmed, Yasmeen,Khatoon, Rizwana,Rifas, AL Mohd. Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.2

Nature is full of precious treasure to cure us from various disorders. One of them is Curcuma longa belonging to Zingiberaceae family, present with outstanding therapeutic value and used since time immemorial. Part used from the plant is rhizome native to India (south east continent) which is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of turmeric. The active principle called curcumin or diferuloylmethane is a yellow pigment that exhibits numerous activities and wide spectrum of biological actions which include anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-cancerous, anti-fungal, neuroprotective activities and many more. This paper focuses on the comparative evaluation of medicinal properties of Curcuma longa as mentioned in Unani classical literature with its modern scientific researches.