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Senthil kumar Raman,Heuy Dong Kim 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2016 No.12
The unique characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO₂) are reason enough to find its use in various engineering applications. But still usability of SCO₂ is not completely explored due to lack of knowledge about its real gas effects. The present study mainly addresses the real gas effects on supercritical CO₂ flow through a supersonic convergent-divergent nozzle. With series of theoretical equations which are based on one-dimensional gas dynamics theory, computer program has been developed to predict the compressible flow characteristics of supercritical CO₂. With the data obtained from the computer program, properties of supercritical CO₂ near critical point is theoretically analyzed with different EOS. Computational analysis also has been carried out to reasonably predict the SCO₂ flows. The deviation in prediction of properties of SCO₂ by a EOS from other one is addressed. Several types of the equations of state were applied to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. For effective use of available EOS, an attempt is made by coupling ideal gas EOS and real gas EOS to analyze the real gas effect of SCO₂. These results are compared with the computational results of SCO₂ flow through convergent divergent nozzle with a single real gas EOS. The obtained solutions were used to investigate the generic features of supercritical CO₂ flow, in terms of shock wave location, flow choking, total pressure loss, pressure recovery, etc.
Raman Ghimire,Sahadev Poudel,Sang-Woong Lee 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2021 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.05
In recent years, UNet architecture has shown to be a standard network for medical image segmentation. However, it suffers from some severe limitations. It loses localization ability for low-level details followed by the inability of long-range dependencies. Motivated by this, we explore transformer-based architectures that exploit global context by modeling long-range spatial dependencies, which are essential for accurate polyp segmentation. In this paper, we propose an attention-based transformer encoded UNet model. This hybrid model inherits both characteristics of CNN block as well as attention block. We perform various experiments in existing architectures like UNet, ResUNet, ResUNet-Mod and our proposed method. The proposed method achieved a 0.645 mIOU score took an unassailable lead over prior methods.
The Women's Question in Contemporary Indian Politics
RAMAN, Vasanthi Asian Center Women's Studies Korean Women's Instit 2001 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.7 No.2
This paper deals with the articulation and manifestation of the women's question in Indian politics during the last two to three decades and the problems that have been consequently thrown up. The issues addressed here illustrate the complexity of the women's question and its embeddedness in the wider social and political matrix. They include questions about the Uniform Civil Code, reservations for the Other Backward Classes and political reservation for women. It is argued that the women's question has never been a women's question alone, but more than any other, reveals the intractability and intransigence of structures, both traditional and modern. And, simultaneously, it opens up possibilities for addressing the question of democratization of the social order.
Raman, Jegadeesh,Sivakumar, Archana,Lakshmanan, Hariprasath,Raaman, Nanjian,Shin, Hyun-Jae The Korean Society of Mushroom Science 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.3
버섯 다당류는 면역 조절 기능, 항암 및 항산화 활성을 비롯하여 항바이러스 활성과 방사선스트레스의 경감등 인체에 유익한 다양한 생리활성을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 분홍느타리버섯 (Pleurotus djamor var. roseus Corner)으로부터 뜨거운 물과 에탄올 침전을 이용하여 5.6%의 수율로 갈색을 띠는 경화된 다당류(CPs)를 순차적으로 추출하였다. 이렇게 추출된 CP는 Diethylaminoethyl cellulose(DEAE) 및 sepharose-6B 컬럼 분리를 통해 4개의 분획을 얻었고 각 분획의 총 글루칸 함량은 각각 76.85%, 2.95%, 75.08%, 1.46%로 밝혀졌다. 이중 가장 높은 수율의 분획(PP)으로부터 300 mg의 백색 분말이 얻어 졌으며, 박층 크로마토그래피(TLC)와 푸리에 변환 적외선 분광법(FTIR)의 결과로부터 자일로펜토스 유형의 화합물과 함께 다당류 부분의 존재를 확인하였다. PP의 항산화 활성은 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) 자유라디칼 소거 분석 및 슈퍼옥사이드 라디칼 소거 분석을 통하여 높은 활성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. PP분획에는 페놀, 단백질 및 단순 탄수화물이 없는 정제된 베타글루칸이 주 구성성분으로, 정제된 다당류가 천연 항산화제로 사용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. Mushroom-derived polysaccharides, which are the primary bioactive constituents, are beneficial for human health. Polysaccharides have immuno-modulation, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, they have antiviral properties and protect against chronic radiation stress. In this study, high yield water-soluble polysaccharides were obtained from Pleurotus djamor var. roseus basidiocarps. The crude polysaccharide (CP) was extracted sequentially by hot water and ethanol precipitation. The yield of the brown CPs was 5.6% dw. Diethylaminoethyl cellulose and Sepharose-6B column chromatography of CPs generated several fractions. Total glucan content was determined in all the fractions. The F1 fraction displayed the highest sugar content and was considered as a purified polysaccharide (PP). The total glucan and β-glucan content in the four fractions ranged between 76.85-2.95% and 75.08-1.46%, respectively. The yield of the PPs was 300 mg, and it was obtained as a white powder. The PPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thin-layer chromatography. The FTIR spectral details confirmed the presence of a xylopentose polysaccharide. The antioxidant activity of the PPs was evaluated using in vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and superoxide radical scavenging assay. The PPs showed strong DPPH free radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities in a dose-dependent manner. Purified PPs free of phenolics, protein, and carbohydrates were mainly responsible for the radical scavenging activity. The data suggest the potential of PPs as natural antioxidants.
Raman K. Gupta,Vishal K. Chorasiya,Vivek Vij,Manav Wadhawan,Ajay Kumar,Nalini Bansal 대한소화기학회 2023 대한소화기학회지 Vol.81 No.1
An undifferentiated carcinoma (UC) of the gall bladder behaves aggressively and has a grave prognosis. Small cell type undifferentiated carcinoma of the gall bladder is a rare variant. This paper reports a case of UC of gall bladder with PAS-positive diastase- resistant eosinophilic hyaline globules present as liver mass (on imaging) in a male patient. The microscopic findings of the liver and gall bladder after a right tri-segmentectomy showed an un-differentiated malignant neoplasm composed of cells with round to oval nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and scanty neoplasm. No definite cell pattern was identified with these neoplastic cells. A section from the gall bladder revealed a tumor arising from the lining epithelium and infiltrating through the muscularis. This tumor was infiltrating the adherent liver tissue directly and forming a mass of undifferentiated malignant cells. The focal area within the tumor mass showed the presence of PAS-positive, diastase-resistant, eosinophilic hyaline globules within the neoplastic cells. The immunohistochemistry test was diffusely positive for perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and negative for chromogranin, vimentin, Desmin, alpha-fetoprotein, leukocyte common antigen, CD34, and bcl2. When the clinical and radiological data are inconclusive, careful analysis of the histological and immunophenotypic features is needed to make the final diagnosis of UC of the gall bladder. The biological behavior and prognosis of this tumor remain unclear because of its rarity. Further studies will be needed to understand the characteristics of this deadly tumor and to establish an effective therapy for it.