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Schroeder, M.M.,Soita, H.W.,Christensen, D.A.,Khorasani, G.R.,Kennelly, J.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.12
Two experiments were conducted to determine effects of particle size in total mixed ration (TMR) on performance of lactating cows. Three rumen cannulated Holstein cows were used in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design for the metabolic experiment. The particle size of the diets was determined using the Penn State Particle Size Separator (PSPSS) and weighing the proportion of sample remaining on the top screen (19 mm diameter). The 3 treatments were short, medium or long diets (4.9, 24.2 and 27.8% of sample remaining on the top screen of the PSPSS, respectively). Nine farms in the Edmonton area were surveyed and the farms were placed into groups based on the particle size of the ration fed. The groups were short ${\leq}6%$, medium 7-12% and long ${\geq}13%$ of sample weight remaining on the top screen of the PSPSS. Dry matter intake was greater (p=0.07) for the medium diet than the long diet in the metabolic study and resulted in a higher (p=0.07) efficiency of milk production. On the commercial farms, a significantly (p=0.002) lower milk fat percentage was observed for the long diet compared to the short diet. The results of these studies confirm that forage particle size influences milk composition and milk fat was negatively correlated to TMR particle size.
Szabó,, R.,Kollá,th, Z.,Molná,r, L.,Kolenberg, K.,Kurtz, D. W.,Bryson, S. T.,Benkő,, J. M.,Christensen‐,Dalsgaard, J.,Kjeldsen, H.,Borucki, W. J.,Koch, D.,Twicken, J. D.,C Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.409 No.3
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>The first detection of the period doubling phenomenon is reported in the <I>Kepler</I> RR Lyrae stars RR Lyr, V808 Cyg and V355 Lyr. Interestingly, all these pulsating stars show Blazhko modulation. The period doubling manifests itself as alternating maxima and minima of the pulsational cycles in the light curve, as well as through the appearance of half‐integer frequencies located halfway between the main pulsation period and its harmonics in the frequency spectrum. The effect was found to be stronger during certain phases of the modulation cycle. We were able to reproduce the period‐doubling bifurcation in our non‐linear RR Lyrae models computed by the Florida–Budapest hydrocode. This enabled us to trace the origin of this instability in RR Lyrae stars to a resonance, namely a 9:2 resonance between the fundamental mode and a high‐order (ninth) radial overtone showing strange‐mode characteristics. We discuss the connection of this new type of variation to the mysterious Blazhko effect and argue that it may give us fresh insights into solving this century‐old enigma.</P>
샌드위치 구조물 내에서의 응용과 관련된 2차원 단위 셀 형상을 지닌 심재에 대한 연구
김범근(Beomkun Kim),R. M. Christensen 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5
The mechanical characteristics of three types of core with two-dimensional isotropic patterns-triangular, hexagonal and stare ell-were studied in applications to sandwich structures. The Young's modulus and shear modulus were calculated for the three core types in the direction normal to the faces. The compressive buckling strength and shear buckling strength were calculated by modeling each cell wall of the core as a plate under compressive or shear load. To verify this model, tests were conducted on scaled specimens to measure the compressive buckling strength of each core. The bending flexibilities of the three cores were also studied. Compliances for the three cores were measured using biaxial flexural tests. The three isotropic core patterns exhibited distinct characteristics. In the direction normal to the faces, all three cores had the same stiffness. However, the stare ell core exhibited high flexibility compared to the other cores, indicating potential for application to curved sandwich structures.