Fatigue life enhancement of defective structures by bonded repairs

Q. Y. Wang,N. Kawagoishi,Q. Chen,R. M. Pidaparti 국제구조공학회 2004 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.18 No.3

Fatigue life enhancement of defective structures by bonded repairs

Wang, Q.Y.,Kawagoishi, N.,Chen, Q.,Pidaparti, R.M. Techno-Press 2004 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.18 No.3

Defective metallic components and structures are being repaired with bonded composite patches to improve overall mechanical and fatigue properties. In this study, fatigue crack growth tests were conducted on pre-cracked 7075/T6 Aluminum substrates with and without bonded Boron/epoxy patches. A considerable increase in the fatigue life and a decrease in the stress intensity factor (SIF) were observed as the number of patch plies increased. The experimental results demonstrate that the patch configurations and patch thickness can enhance fatigue life by order of magnitude. Quantitative comparisons between analytical and experimental data were made, and the analytical model based on a modified Rose's analytical solution appears to best estimate the fatigue life.

On weakly associative BCI-algebras

Wang, Y.Q.,Wei, S.N.,Jun, Y.B. Korean Mathematical Society 1996 대한수학회논문집 Vol.11 No.3

In this paper, we introduce the notion of weakly associative BCI-algebras and investigate structure of it. Some of characterizations of elements of the quasi-associative part Q(X) of a BCI-algebra X are shown.

Individual and combined cytotoxicity assessment of zearalenone with ochratoxin A or a-zearalenol by full factorial design

N. Zheng,Y. N. Gao,J. Liu,H. W. Wang,J. Q. Wang 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

The combined mycotoxins zearalenone (ZEA) with ochratoxin A (OTA) or a-zearalenol (a-ZOL) are frequently found together in milk. Toxicological data concerning the combined effects of these mycotoxins are sparse. In present study, individual and combined ZEA, OTA and a-ZOL caused cytotoxicity and oxidative damage, including reductions in intracellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione content, along with increases in malonaldehyde content on human Hep G2 cells after 48 h of exposure. Among individual mycotoxins, OTA had the greatest cytotoxic effect followed by a-ZOL. Compared with individual mycotoxins, combinations produced more serious negative effects, more importantly, ZEA ? OTA was antagonistic for these effects, whereas ZEA ? a-ZOL was antagonistic at low concentrations, but synergistic at high concentrations of ZEA, which were evaluated by 3 9 3 full factorial analysis and estimated marginal means plots. Our results also demonstrated a significant correlation between cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in response to these combinations.

Spontaneous Hepatocellular Carcinoma after the Combined Deletion of Akt Isoforms

Wang, Q.,Yu, W.N.,Chen, X.,Peng, X.d.,Jeon, S.M.,Birnbaum, M.J.,Guzman, G.,Hay, N. Cell Press 2016 CANCER CELL Vol. No.

Akt is frequently hyperactivated in human cancers and is targeted for cancer therapy. However, the physiological consequences of systemic Akt isoform inhibition were not fully explored. We showed that while combined Akt1 and Akt3 deletion in adult mice is tolerated, combined Akt1 and Akt2 deletion induced rapid mortality. Akt2<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice survived hepatic Akt1 deletion but all developed spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is associated with FoxO-dependent liver injury and inflammation. The gene expression signature of HCC-bearing livers is similar to aggressive human HCC. Consistently, neither Akt1<SUP>-/-</SUP> nor Akt2<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice are resistant to diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, and Akt2<SUP>-/-</SUP> mice display a high incidence of lung metastasis. Thus, in contrast to other cancers, hepatic Akt inhibition induces liver injury that could promote HCC.

DRIVING CYCLE RECOGNITION NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHM BASED ON THE SLIDING TIME WINDOW FOR HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES

J. WANG,Q. N. WANG,X. H. ZENG,P. Y. WANG,J. N. WANG 한국자동차공학회 2015 International journal of automotive technology Vol.16 No.4

Driving cycles greatly influence the fuel economy and exhaust of the vehicle, especially in hybrid electric vehicles. The purpose of this study is to develop a method to identify the type of driving cycle with better accuracy and less sampling time than other driving cycle recognition algorithms. A driving cycle recognition algorithm based on Learning Vector Quantization neural network is first created to analyze four selected representative standard driving cycles. Micro-trip extraction and box-and-whisker plots are then applied to ensure the diversity and magnitude of training samples. Finally, a sample training simulation is conducted to determine the minimum neuron number of learning vector quantization network, using the simulation platform of Matlab/Simulink. Afterwards, we simplify the structure of the recognition model to reduce data convergence time. Simulation results show the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed algorithm, which decreases the time window length from 120 s to 60 s with acceptable accuracy. Furthermore, the driving cycle recognition algorithm is used in a series-parallel hybrid vehicle model to improve the fuel economy by about 6.29%.

Individual and combined cytotoxicity assessment of zearalenone with ochratoxin A or α-zearalenol by full factorial desig

Zheng, N.,Gao, Y.N.,Liu, J.,Wang, H.W.,Wang, J.Q. 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

The combined mycotoxins zearalenone (ZEA) with ochratoxin A (OTA) or ${\alpha}$-zearalenol (${\alpha}-ZOL$) are frequently found together in milk. Toxicological data concerning the combined effects of these mycotoxins are sparse. In present study, individual and combined ZEA, OTA and ${\alpha}-ZOL$ caused cytotoxicity and oxidative damage, including reductions in intracellular superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione content, along with increases in malonaldehyde content on human Hep G2 cells after 48 h of exposure. Among individual mycotoxins, OTA had the greatest cytotoxic effect followed by ${\alpha}-ZOL$. Compared with individual mycotoxins, combinations produced more serious negative effects, more importantly, ZEA + OTA was antagonistic for these effects, whereas ZEA + ${\alpha}-ZOL$ was antagonistic at low concentrations, but synergistic at high concentrations of ZEA, which were evaluated by $3{\times}3$ full factorial analysis and estimated marginal means plots. Our results also demonstrated a significant correlation between cytotoxicity and oxidative damage in response to these combinations.

HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE MODELING ACCURACY VERIFICATION AND GLOBAL OPTIMAL CONTROL ALGORITHM RESEARCH

J. WANG,Q. N. WANG,P. Y. WANG,J. N. WANG,N. W. ZOU 한국자동차공학회 2015 International journal of automotive technology Vol.16 No.3

Vehicle modeling and simulation is a very important part in the design and development of electric and hybrid vehicles. To precisely simulate the powertrain running status, many commercial software products are applied into the development of control strategy. However, these models cost too much time in the simulation analysis, which would be difficult to apply in the control strategy optimization. Therefore, vehicle dynamic system model is built by the software of matlab/Simulink and this vehicle model is compared with the commercial vehicle simulation model. Simulation results show that this model has relatively high simulation accuracy, which lays the foundation for further vehicle performance optimization. In this study, dynamic programming global optimization algorithm is applied on the hybrid electric vehicle to search the optimal solution in the determinate speed cycle. Obviously, this method can obtain the minimum fuel economy while keep the balance of battery state of charge (SOC), but it is difficult to apply in the real-time control system. Therefore, the optimal gear-shifting rules, vehicle operation mode control rules and engine torque control rules under the different of battery SOC are extracted into the rule-based control algorithm. Simulation results show that rule-based optimized control based on the DP control rules can reduce about 13.20% of fuel consumption when compared to original logic rule control algorithm under the China's urban driving cycle. It could obtain better fuel economy under the Beijing driving cycle and easily be implemented in a vehicle prototype.

Association of SNP Haplotypes at the Myostatin Gene with Muscular Hypertrophy in Sheep

Gan, S.Q.,Du, Z.,Liu, S.R.,Yang, Y.L.,Shen, M.,Wang, X.H.,Yin, J.L.,Hu, X.X.,Fei, J.,Fan, J.J.,Wang, J.H.,He, Q.H.,Zhang, Y.S.,Li, N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.7

The myostatin gene of seven important meat (Beltex (Australia), Beltex$\times$Huyang (F1), Meat and Multi-Prolific Chinese Merino Fine Wool, Meat Chinese Merino Fine Wool and Dorper (South Africa)) and non-meat (Huyang and Kazak) sheep breeds was analyzed to study the genetic basis of muscular hypertrophy (double muscling) phenotype in sheep. SNPs, four in regulatory regions and several in the introns in the myostatin gene, were identified, and the former four SNPs were used for further studies. Twelve haplotypes were predicted by PHASE program, of which four main haplotypes (1, 3, 7, 9) were present in 90% of the 364 sheep in the study. Haplotypes 1-4 were mainly present in meat breeds while haplotypes 7 and 9 dominated the non-meat breeds. The association between haplotypes and average daily gain (ADG) was analyzed among 116 sheep with production data, Haplo2 (CGAA) and Haplo8 (TGAA) were identified to have significant (p<0.05) effect on ADG by the model (JMP5.1 software) taking into account the effects of breed, family background, haplotype, birth weight and sex. ADG of these haplotype groups also correlated well (r = 0.82) with hypertrophic phenotype scores. In conclusion, the mutations -956 (T$\rightarrow$C), -41 (C$\rightarrow$A) and 6223 (G$\rightarrow$A) involved in Haplo2 and 8 may be associated with the double-muscling trait by influencing myostatin function and be suitable markers in selecting meat sheep.

Influence of Microstructure Evolution on Mechanical Properties, Wear Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermet Tools with Various WC Additions

L. B. Zhao,N. Lin,X. Q. Han,C. Ma,Z. Y. Wang,Y. H. He 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.8

The efects of tungsten carbide addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti(C,N)-based cermets prepared by the sinter-HIP method are investigated through scanning electron microscope, X-ray difraction,electron back scattered difraction, mechanical test and electrochemical method. The results show that the appropriate WCaddition has an important infuence on promoting the formation of core-rim microstructure of cermet, increasing the wettability of ceramic phase and binder phase, and improving the mechanical properties. Ti(C,N)-based cermet with 5 wt% WCaddition has the highest hardness of 92.4 HRA and excellent wear resistance. However, excessive WC addition causes theappearance of slight white core phase containing plenty of W and Ti element in microstructure, which increases the fracturetoughness, and reduces the hardness and wear resistance of cermet. Additionally, the electrochemical result shows that theaddition of 5 wt% WC in cermet has the optimal corrosion resistance in 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution.