비율의 표시법과 세가지 용법

변낙문 한국수학교육학회 1966 수학교육 Vol.5 No.1

유자차 부산물을 이용한 유자 과편의 최적화 연구

남혜원,현영희,변진원 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.6

This study was performed to develop a standardized recipe for yuza pyun made of citron juice that is by-product of citron tea, to increase the utilization of citron. The effects of mungbean starch(15%, 18%) and dilution ratio of yuza extract(100%, 75%, 50%) on the quality characteristics were evaluated. The quality characteristics of the samples were estimated in terms of sweetness, color difference, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluation. Sweetness of the 18% mungbean groups were higher than 15% groups(p<0.001). The values of Hunter color system indicated that higher content of yuza extract tended to increase yellowness significantly(p<0.001). Texture profiles of hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess of yuzapyun showed no significant differences among samples. For sensory evaluation, color and sourness were decreased as yuza extract was diluted, whereas elasticity and sweetness were increased. Yuza pyun containing 18% of mungbean starch with 50% diluted extract was the most preferred in overall acceptability. According to multiple regression analysis, color, sweetness, elasticity and sourness(in order) were important control factors in overall acceptability.

KFL learners’ acquisition of Korean locative particles : A corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis

Danielle Ooyoung Pyun,Miri K. Chung,Ho Jung Choi 고려대학교 언어정보연구소 2013 언어정보 Vol.17 No.-

Pyun, Danielle O., Chung, Miri K. & Choi, Ho Jung. 2013. KFL learners’ acquisition of Korean locative particles: A corpus-based contrastive interlanguage analysis. Language Information. Volume 17. 23-46. Adopting the contrastive interlanguage analysis methodology, this study investigates KFL (Korean as a Foreign Language) learners’ acquisition of Korean locative case particles. A learner corpus compiled from eighty-seven intermediate learners of Korean was compared with a native speaker corpus on the frequency distribution of the five semantic categories of the Korean locative case (i.e, static location, dynamic location, time, goal, and source). In addition, learner errors on the use of locative case particles were quantified and examined according to the five semantic categories. The results of this study showed that KFL learners’ use of locative case particles substantially deviated from native speakers’ usage in frequency. Learners’ inaccurate and limited use of locative case particles were attributed to such factors as L1 transfer, overgeneralization, prior input, and interlanguage development.

Poems and Essays

Pyun Yung-ro The Academy of Korean Studies 1965 Korea Journal Vol.5 No.5

AN OVERVIEW OF THE HEALTH INSURANCE DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS IN KOREA

Moon, Ok Pyun,M. D. 대한보건협회 1977 대한보건연구 Vol.3 No.1

Lithium intercalation into a plasma-enhanced-chemical-vapour-deposited carbon film electrode

Pyun Su-II The Korean Electrochemical Society 1999 한국전기화학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Electrochemical lithium intercalation into a PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposited) carbon film electrode was investigated in 1 M $LiPF_6-EC$ (ethylene carbonate) and DEC (diethyl carbonate) solution during lithium intercalation and deintercalation, by using cyclic voltammetry supplemented with ac-impedance spectroscopy. The size of the graphitic crystallite in the a- and c-axis directions obtained from the carbon film electrode was much smaller than those of the graphite one, indicating less-developed crystalline structure with hydrogen bonded to carbon, from the results of AES (Auger electron spectroscopy), powder XRD (X-ray diffraction) method, and FTIR(Fourier transform infra-red) spectroscopy. It was shown from the cyclic voltammograms and ac-impedance spectra of carbon film electrode that a threshold overpotential was needed to overcome an activation barrier to entrance of lithium into the carbon film electrode, such as the poor crystalline structure of the carbon film electrode showing disordered carbon and the presence of residual hydrogen in its structure. The experimental results were discussed in terms of the effect of host carbon structure on the lithium intercalation capability.

Naked DNA expressing two isoforms of hepatocyte growth factor induces collateral artery augmentation in a rabbit model of limb ischemia

Pyun, W-B,Hahn, W,Kim, D-S,Yoo, W-S,Lee, S-D,Won, J-H,Rho, B-S,Park, Z-Y,Kim, J-M,Kim, S Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010 Gene Therapy Vol.17 No.12

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to induce angiogenesis in vivo and has potential as a candidate gene for ‘therapeutic angiogenesis’. In vivo, two isoforms of HGF, HGF<SUB>723</SUB> and HGF<SUB>728</SUB>, consisting of 723 and 728 amino acids, are generated through alternative splicing between exons 4 and 5, but the biological effects of their coexpression have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we generated a series of genomic–complementary DNA (cDNA) hybrids of the HGF gene by inserting various truncated intron 4 into the junction of exons 4 and 5 of HGF cDNA and analyzed the biological activities of these hybrid constructs. We showed that: (1) the hybrid called HGF-X7, which contained 1502 base pairs of intron 4, could drive a higher level of HGF expression than other hybrid constructs and cDNAs of each isoform alone; (2) the pCK vector was most efficient for the gene expression of HGF-X7; (3) coexpression of both isoforms of HGF could more efficiently induce the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) and of the mouse myoblast cell line C<SUB>2</SUB>C<SUB>12</SUB> myoblasts than a single isoform of HGF and human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)<SUB>165</SUB> at a given concentration; (4) intramuscular administration of pCK-HGF-X7 resulted in transient and localized HGF expression in the injected muscle without an increase in the HGF protein levels in other tissues including serum; and (5) intramuscular injection of pCK-HGF-X7 could more efficiently increase the number of angiographically recognizable collateral vessels, as well as improve an intra-arterial Doppler wire-measured blood flow in the rabbit model of hindlimb ischemia when compared with the identical vector encoding VEGF<SUB>165</SUB> gene. These results showed that transfer of the genomic–cDNA hybrid of the HGF gene could be used as a potential therapeutic approach to human vascular diseases.

Portraying Monks in Illuminated Service Books in the Fourteenth Century

Pyun, Kyunghee(변경희) 서양미술사학회 2016 서양미술사학회논문집 Vol.45 No.-

생드니교회를 위해 제작된 14세기 중엽 채색 미사전서에 나타난 베네딕틴 수도승의 초상화는 중세 말기에 유행하는 수도원 구성원의 초상적 표현으로 이해할 수 있다. 같은 시기의 다른 채색 미사전서 혹은 찬송전서에도 주교, 대주교, 수녀원장, 수도원장을 비롯한 수도원 혹은 카톨릭 교회의 주요인물들이 이름과 함께 혹은 가문의 문장과 재현되어 종교인물의 초상적 표현도 세속군주 혹은 귀족 후원자들과 더불어 유행하였다고 볼 수 있다. 왕족 혹은 귀족의 초상과 다른 점은 본인의 개성보다는 본인이 속한 수도원의 집단정체성을 중시하여 초상화가 들어간 전례서가 교회 혹은 수도원에 다시 기증되어 다른 구성원들이 여러 세대에 걸쳐 사용할 수도 있다는 점이 주목할 만하다. 이런 점에서 개인의 추모를 목적으로 한 개인용 기도서와는 성격이 조금 다르다고 볼 수 있다. 14세기 채색 전례서에 나타나는 이러한 초상적 인물화는, 15세기 미술계에 중요한 장르로 대두하는 사실적인 초상화에 나타나는 유일무이한 개인적 재현은 아직 나타나지 않았기에 “초상화”라는 장르에 대입할 수는 없지만 이름 혹은 문장 등의 다른 기재를 통해 개인화를 시도하였다는 점은 중요하다. 15-16세기에 유화 혹은 조각 등에 자주 나타나는 사실적인 초상화 장르의 유행으로 나아가는 도입적인 단계라고 해석할 수 있다. In the fourteenth century, an increasing number of portraiture-like images of monks or nuns appear in illuminated service books. Analyzing an illuminated missal used at the royal abbey of Saint-Denis as a case study, I interpret these depictions of monks and nuns as broader representations of their monastic identity. Drawn from other studies of royal donors and ecclesiastical patrons in late medieval art, my research includes lesser-known examples of portraiture-like images of members of various religious communities such as Dominicans, Franciscans, Benedictines, canons, and others. While portraitures of royal and aristocratic men in private devotional books and panel paintings bear some similarities with those in illuminated service books made for churches or monasteries, it is notable that the portrayal of monastic figures emphasize their sense of belonging to their religious communities. Analysis of material objects as well as invisible elements like music, prayers, miracles of patron saints used in various liturgical contexts(both private and public) at Saint-Denis and other monastic communities demonstrates a function of illuminated liturgical books within each monastic community. Rather than serving as a personal possession, a service book with portraiture of a prominent member would remain as a present to the entire community and be used by other members in a following generation. Portraiture-like images of a monk, a nun, or a bishop were often depicted along with a coat of arms and miracles of a patron saint. Some images include a name written below, thus identifiable with a historical figure. Although they do not bear a physiognomic representation of an individual as shown in fifteenth-century realistic portraiture, a tendency to portray a conspicuous member of the community in the fourteenth century is a transition from medieval humility to the early modern discovery of self. This period is an introduction to the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century realistic portraiture as a genre of painting or sculpture. The current research on French medieval art should be expanded to German devotional books and Italian Trecento altarpieces and frescoes in order to comprehend a European development.

Comparison of waveform inversion, part 3: amplitude approach

Pyun, Sukjoon,Shin, Changsoo,Bednar, J. B. unknown 2007 Geophysical prospecting Vol.55 No.4

<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>In the second paper of this three part series, we studied the case of conventional and logarithmic phase-only approaches to full-waveform inversion. Here, we concentrate on deriving amplitude-only approaches for both conventional- and logarithmic-based methods. We define two amplitude-only objective functions by simply assuming that the phase of the modelled wavefield is equal to that of the observed wavefield. We do this for both the conventional least-squares approach and the logarithmic approach of Shin and Min. We show that these functions can be optimized using the same reverse-time propagation algorithm of the full conventional methodology. Although the residuals in this case are not really residual wavefields, they can both be considered and utilized in that sense. In contrast to the case for our phase-only algorithms, we show through numerical tests that the conventional amplitude-only inversion is better than the logarithmic method.</P>

Synthesis of Bifunctional Chelating Agent Derived from Lysine and its Radiolabeling with ^99mTc

Pyun, Mi-Sun,Choi, Kang-Hyuk,Hong, Young-Don,Choi, Sun-Ju Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.5