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Treating the Unexpected-Middle Mesial Canal: A Case Series
Prabhjot Singh Sodhi,Rakesh Mittal,Anshu Gupta,Devika Dhawan,Anchal Singla 대한예방치과학회 2013 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.9 No.4
The primary objective of endodontic therapy is to achieve a three-dimensional obturation of the root canal space after adequate preparation of the canal space to remove the tissue debris, microorganisms, and their byproducts. Anatomical variations have frequently been encountered in endodontic practice and have to be adequately managed by the clinician. Missed roots and canals are a major reason for failure of therapy. Technological advances have given the clinician ample opportunity to identify and treat these aberrations successfully. The present paper describes two cases of mandibular second permanent molar requiring root canal treatment, found to have three separate canals in the mesial root. These cases demonstrates a rare anatomical configuration and emphasizes the need for the clinician to be aware of and look out for such variations and use adequate diagnostic methodologies prior to and during therapy to detect such variations. The possibility of additional canals, whenever in doubt, should be explored with the assistance of technologies such as those of magnification and illumination and various diagnostic aids. Operator experience has also shown to be a key factor in negotiation and management of these aberrant canal configurations.
Prabhjot Singh,Ashish Kumar,Siddharth Yadav,Lok Prakash,Brusabhanu Nayak,Rajeev Kumar,Arti Kapil,Prem Nath Dogra 대한비뇨의학회 2017 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.58 No.5
Purpose: To assess the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance among patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsy and the impact of rectal swab culture-directed antibiotic prophylaxis on postbiopsy infectious complications. Materials and Methods: We prospectively analyzed all patients undergoing TRUS-guided prostate biopsy from April 2013 to February 2015. Antibiotic prophylaxis was tailored to the results of rectal swab cultures. If the organism was fluoroquinolone-sensitive, oral ciprofloxacin 500 mg with tinidazole 600 mg was prescribed. If the organism was fluoroquinolone-resistant, then a culture-directed antibiotic was prescribed. In both cases the antibiotic was continued for 3 days. All patients were followed for 14 days after biopsy to record infectious complications. Results: A total of 247 patients were included, and Escherichia coli was isolated on rectal swab cultures in 99.5% of the patients. Of these, 41.7% harbored fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most common culture-directed antibiotic prescribed (59.3%), with amoxicillin/clavulanic being the second most common (25.5%) for the fluoroquinolone-resistant group. Only 2 patients (0.9%) developed postbiopsy fever and none had sepsis. Conclusions: Colonization of rectal flora with fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli was seen in 40% of men undergoing prostate biopsy. Targeted prophylaxis, which uses the results of prebiopsy rectal swab culture to direct antibiotic prophylaxis, results in low rates of postbiopsy infections.
Optimization of Carotenoids by Rhodotorula glutinis
Gurpreet Kaur Chandi,Sumeet Pal Singh,Balmeet Singh Gill,Dalbir Singh Sogi,Prabhjot Singh 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.4
Response surface methodology was applied to maximize the yield and productivity of carotenoids by Rhodotorula glutinis strain 1151 using supplemented tomato waste based medium. Higher concentration of tomato waste extract and yeast extract favored the production of carotenoids. In contrast to carotenogenesis higher concentration of yeast extract negatively affected the formation of biomass whereas higher amount of glucose in the medium favored biomass indicating that carotenogenesis is not correlated to biomass. The optimal concentration of medium components for maximum total carotenoids and corresponding biomass production as obtained from model were calculated to be as 660 mL/L,1.5, 4.5, 7.4, and 10 g/L for tomato extract, malt extract,yeast extract, peptone, and glucose, respectively.
Nitin Shrivastava,Prabhjot Singh,Brusabhanu Nayak,Bhavuk Garg 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.4
Study Design: Observational study. Purpose: This study aims to assess the clinical and urodynamic parameters in patients with spinal tuberculosis (TB) exhibiting lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) at the time of presentation and after spinal surgical intervention. Overview of Literature: Variable urodynamic findings in patients with spinal TB. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 10 patients with spinal TB exhibiting LUTS. Urinary symptoms were assessed by the American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score. We performed a urodynamic study (UDS), including electromyography, in all patients before and 3 months after spinal surgery. Results: The mean age of patients was 29.7 years (range, 15–52 years), and the mean AUA symptom score was 12.5 and 11.8 before and after spinal surgery, respectively. Overall, five patients exhibited improvement in the AUA symptom score, and three showed no change, while two patients’ condition worsened. We observed detrusor overactivity (DO) in two patients, and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in four patients. In addition, high-pressure voiding (HPV) was noted in two patients. On follow-up after spinal surgery, DO and DSD exhibited no improvement. Although HPV resolved, two patients developed new-onset poor compliance with worsening DO and DSD. Furthermore, two patients had bilateral hydronephrosis before surgery, which resolved on follow-up. Conclusions: Patients with spinal TB exhibiting LUTS can display a spectrum of clinical presentations and variable UDS findings. As two patients exhibited new onset poor compliance with bilateral hydronephrosis in one of them, this study concludes that a close follow-up for upper tracts in these patients is required despite successful spinal surgery.
Formulation evaluation and optimization of fast disintegrating tablets of ketorolac tromethamine
Binu Raina,Abhimanyu Sharma,Prabhjot Singh Bajwa 한국약제학회 2018 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.48 No.6
In this study, we aimed to design fast disintegrating tablets (FDT) of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) to reduce gastric side effects of KT by physically associating it with phospholipon 80H (PL) by wet granulation. First preliminary batches were formulated to determine the effect of PL on tablet characteristics and to select best superdisintegrant among sodium starch glycolate and crospovidone. The effect of PL and maltodextrin (MD) concentrations on hardness, disintegration time and % drug release at 4 min was studied for the optimization of FDT. Optimization of FDT was done by employing 32 full factorial design using Design expert 10.1 software. The optimized batch of FDT showed disintegration time and percent release value of 37.33 ± 1.47 s and 42.74 ± 1.53% respectively. It was also found that 91.87% of drug was released within 10 min. Thus, by an appropriate combination of excipients, it was possible to formulate FDT capable of undergoing fast disintegration and having optimum hardness using simple and conventional techniques.
An Insight on Croll’s Microabrasion Protocol for the Correction of Enamel Discoloration Spots
Rakesh Mittal,Sumit Gupta,Prabhjot Singh Sodhi 대한임상예방치과학회 2011 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.7 No.4
Dental fluorosis is a major problem that presents clinically as whitish to yellowish-brown discoloration of teeth to varying degrees. It is a permanent defect that requires intervention by a dental clinician to restore the teeth to a more appealing appearance. One of the treatment modality for such defect is microabrasion, a procedure that is well documented and practiced since a long time.
Rohit Kaushal,Chandan J. Das,Prabhjot Singh,Prem Nath Dogra,Rajeev Kumar 대한비뇨의학회 2019 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.60 No.3
Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic yield of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-fusion, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies for detection of prostate cancer in an Asian population with a low incidence of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 131 males with suspected prostate cancer were recruited to undergo fusion biopsy with the Artemis prostate fusion biopsy device (Eigen, Grass Valley, CA, USA). All patients underwent standard 12-core systematic biopsies in addition to biopsies targeted at the mpMRI-identified abnormal regions. Yield from the standard cores was compared with that from the targeted cores. Gleason scores of 4+3 or higher were considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.54±7.96 years and the mean prostate-specific antigen value was 9.75±5.35 ng/mL. A total of 36 patients had cancer, of which 3 (8.3%) were detected only on standard cores and 3 (8.3%) only on targeted cores. Of the clinically significant cancers (n=30), targeted biopsy detected a higher number (28/30, 93.3%) than standard biopsy (21/30, 70.0%). A total of 6 of 8 cancers (75.0%) that were insignificant on standard biopsy were upgraded to significant cancer on targeted cores. Conclusions: Eight percent of cancers were detected only on MRI-TRUS fusion-targeted biopsies, whereas the method upgraded more than two-thirds of insignificant cancers to significant cancers. Fusion biopsies thus provide incremental information over standard TRUS biopsies in the diagnosis of significant prostate cancer in populations with a low incidence of prostate cancer.