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- 저자 : Phayvanh Alounsavath (검색결과 3 건)
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Phayvanh Alounsavath Master,김세빈 한국산림과학회 2021 Forest Science And Technology Vol.17 No.3
Sustainable Production Forest Management is a priority forest policy in Laos in which forest management plans need to be produced for each Production Forest Area (PFA). The forest management plan is very important for the sustainable use of forest resources in a PFA. It determines harvesting rotation cycles, annually allowed sustainable cuts of timber for each compartment, and identifies areas for conservation, restoration and rehabilitation in each PFA. This study examines the economic feasibility of the implementation of forest management operations in Xaibouathong Forest Management Area (FMA) in Khammouan Province with a 15-year cutting cycle. Data and information on Government cost norms, fees, and timber prices associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans, volumes and timber species harvested from three sub-forest management areas (Sivilai, Kengchone, and Phakong) of Xaibouathong FMA were collected and analyzed by using benefit-cost analysis. The results of this study showed that the current production forest management operation in Xaibouathong FMA is not economically feasible. Most of the sub-forest management areas costs outweigh its benefits because most of commercial tree species harvested in the three Sub-FMAs are lesser use species with low market price. Further study is needed to identify the real costs associated with the development and implementation of forest management plans when the Government permits logging operations in other production forest areas.
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The major factors effecting the decrease of forest cover in the Huaphanh Province, Northern Laos
Phayvanh Alounsavath,김세빈,이보휘 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2019 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.46 No.2
The forest of the Huaphanh Province (HP) has continued to decrease at 0.6% (10,560 ha) per year from 1992 to 2010. In the past few decades, the government of Laos and the Huaphanh Provincial Authority have been trying to address the root causes of deforestation. This study attempts to examine the factors effecting the decrease of the forest cover in the HP by analyzing the influence of the local socio-economic development and implementation of forest management policies on changes in the forest cover. The social data of the province focused on population growth and distribution between urban and rural areas including the number of poor people and the economic growth of three sectors, namely agriculture and forestry, industry, and service, while the implementation of the state forest management policy focused on the state forest management plan, tree plantation, forest land use planning and allocation to households, and shifting cultivation including annual upland rice and maize cultivation. In addition, government reports on socio-economic and rural development including poverty eradication of other provinces, where an increase in the forest cover was observed, were also collected and analyzed using qualitative and comparative analysis. The results from this study indicate that the decrease in forest cover in the Huaphanh Province appears to depend on a very slow economic growth and reduction in rural poverty of the province. The increase in the rural population in the province led to an increase in farm households and are as for shifting cultivation. As a result, forests were cleared leading to a decrease in the forest cover.
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라오스 대나무 신규소득모델의 효과성 분석: 농부아 마을을 대상으로
이보휘,이학준,이상진,Phayvanh Alounsavath,이준우,구승모,김세빈 한국국제농업개발학회 2019 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.31 No.4
The Lao PDR is a developing country that heavily relies on rice farming. During off-season of rice farming, rural villagers produce non-timber forest products such as bamboo products. Until recently many villages have overexploited bamboo resources and supplied raw bamboo materials to foreign companies. Although the Lao government allocated harvesting quotas, most villagers keep on cutting bamboos due to no other income during the off-season. This study provides an alternative income model, bamboo handicraft, that can increase villagers’ income while minimizing the use of bamboo resources. It also accesses the economic feasibility of the new income model for a mountain village, Nongboua village, where surveys were conducted on general incomes of 10 sample families who participated in the new income model voluntarily. A difference was made during the off-season when the sample families worked on cutting bamboos (previous income) or bamboo handicrafts (new income). A daily wage of $ 11.5 was used for the previous income, based on our surveys. For the new income, it was assumed that single family could produce 6 bamboo handicrafts daily with a unit price of $ 2.3, resulting in a daily income of $ 13.8. During the off-season, 8 and 14 working days in a month were assumed for the previous and new incomes based on surveys. Then the previous previous and new yearly incomes were estimated and compared using normality and paired t-tests. This study found that the new yearly income was significantly greater than the previous yearly income (p < 0.001): the former (rice farming and bamboo handicraft, $ 2,064) was 42% ($ 608) greater than the latter (rice farming and bamboo cutting, $ 1,456). These results suggested that the new income model could increase villagers’ income significantly. If the bamboo handicraft model is applied for other areas with bamboo resources, it can provide an opportunity to improve the rural economies and livelihoods of developing countries. 본 연구는 라오스 산촌마을의 기초 소득을 조사·분석하여, 지속가능한 대나무 자원을 활용한 새로운 소득 모델의 효과성을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 대상지는 비엔티안 캐피털 주의쌍통군 농부아 마을로써 산림과 벼농사지역이 혼재된 자급자족형 논농사 위주의 마을이다. 농부아 마을은 과일, 야채 등 상업적 영농활동은 전무하여, 단순한 소득체계를 가지고 있다. 우기(6월~11월)는 천수답 벼 농사에 의존하고 있고, 건기(12월~5월)는 가축 판매 또는 대나무 벌채를 통한 수익체계로, 2018년 농부아 마을의 기존 소득은 평균 1,456 달러로 분석되었다. 라오스 1인당 GDP (2018)가 2,690 달러와 비교할 때, 농산촌 지역의 소득은GDP의 약 절반가량 수준 이다. 쌍통군 지역의 대나무 수종은 젓가락, 이쑤시개 등 원자재로서 베트남 가공회사로 판매되고 있다. 가공회사는 수익을 위해 수요량에 따라 마을 주민을 고용하여 다량의 대나무를 벌채하고 있다. 이러한 대나무벌채는 빠르고 수익성은 있지만, 회사 수요(농한기 한정)에 따라 비정기적으로 마을주민을 고용(하루 고용비용 $ 11; 고용시간 8시간)하며 노동 강도가 높다. 또한 대나무 자원의 지속가능한 이용에도 한계가 있다. 이러한 조건에서 마을주민의 대나무 단순벌채로 인한 연 소득은$ 552로 분석되었다. 소규모 마을 주민을 대상으로 대나무를 이용한 지역상품을개발·생산하여 기술전수 및 판매를 시범적으로 실시하였다. 대나무 벌채와 비교하여 적은 양의 대나무를 이용하여 고부가가치를 창출할 수 있으며, 노동 강도가 높지 않아서 여가시간에작업공정이 가능하다. 표본 10 가구의 생산량은 초기단계에서하루 최대 6개가 생산가능하며, 제품 단위가격을 $ 2.3로 책정할 때, 연 소득은 $ 1,160 으로 분석되었다. 기존 모델의 소득(농업+대나무 벌채)은 평균 $ 1,456이며, 신규모델의 소득(농업+대나무 공예품)은 평균 $ 2,064로 신규소득이 $ 608 높게 나타났다. 기존소득과 신규소득의 농업 수입이 동일한 조건이므로, 소득에 차이를 주는 요인은 대나무수입으로 신규 소득의 평균 $ 2,064가 기존 소득인 $ 1,456 보다 약 42% 증가된 수치로 나타났다.
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