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Park, Hyox2010,Jin,Park, Jaex2010,Young,Kim, Jinx2010,Woo,Yang, Seulx2010,Gi,Jung, Jaex2010,Min,Kim, Minx2010,Ji,Kang, Man‐,Jong,Cho, Young Ho,Wee, Gabbine,Yang, Heex2010,Young,Son John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 Journal of pineal research Vol.64 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Under endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐stress conditions, the unfolded protein response (UPR) generates a defense mechanism in mammalian cells. The regulation of UPR signaling is important in oocyte maturation, embryo development, and female reproduction of pigs. Recent studies have shown that melatonin plays an important role as an antioxidant to improve pig oocyte maturation. However, there is no report on the role of melatonin in the regulation of UPR signaling and ER‐stress during in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of melatonin on porcine oocyte maturation through the regulation of ER‐stress and UPR signaling. We investigated the changes in the mRNA/protein expression levels of three UPR signal genes (Bip/Grp78, ATF4, P90/50ATF6, sXbp1, and CHOP) on oocytes, cumulus cells, and cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) during IVM (metaphase I; 22 hours and metaphase II; 44 hours) by Western blot and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis. Treatment with the ER‐stress inducer, tunicamycin (Tm), significantly increased expression of UPR markers. Additionally, cumulus cell expansion and meiotic maturation of oocytes were reduced in COCs of Tm‐treated groups (1, 5, and 10 μg/mL). We confirmed the reducing effects of melatonin (0.1 μmol/L) on ER‐stress after pretreatment with Tm (5 μg/mL; 22 hours) in maturing COCs. Addition of melatonin (0.1 μmol/L) to Tm‐pretreated COCs recovered meiotic maturation rates and expression of most UPR markers. In conclusion, we confirmed a role for melatonin in the modulation of UPR signal pathways and reducing ER‐stress during IVM of porcine oocytes.</P>
Kim, Sin Gon,Kim, Nam Hoon,Ku, Bon Jeong,Shon, Ho Sang,Kim, Doo Man,Park, Tae Sun,Kim, Yongx2010,Seong,Kim, In Joo,Choi, Dong Seop John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2017 Journal of diabetes investigation Vol.8 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Aims/Introduction</B></P><P>To assess the time to initiation of insulin therapy, and concurrently investigate both patient‐ and physician‐related factors associated with delaying insulin therapy in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>This prospective, observational disease registry study was carried out across 69 centers in Korea. Type 2 diabetes patients who had received two or more OHAs within the past 5 years, had a glycated hemoglobin ≥8% in the past 6 months and had not received insulin were included. Data recorded on data collection forms during a 12‐month period were analyzed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Of 2168 patients enrolled, 1959 were evaluated and classified as the insulin‐initiated or insulin‐delayed group. Insulin was prescribed for just 20% of the patients during a 1‐year follow‐up period, and less than half (44.5%) of the patients who were taking two OHAs started insulin after 6 years. Patient‐related factors for delay in insulin initiation included older age, shorter duration of diabetes and lower glycated hemoglobin. Physician‐related factors included age (~50 to <60 years), sex (women) and number (<1000) of patients consulted per month. Patient refusal (33.6%) and physicians’ concerns of patient non‐compliance (26.5%) were the major physician‐reported reasons for delaying insulin therapy. Inconvenience of insulin therapy (51.6%) and fear of injection (48.2%) were the major reasons for patient refusal.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Insulin initiation is delayed in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by two or more OHAs in Korea. Patient‐ and physician‐related factors associated with this delay need to be addressed for better diabetes management.</P>
Kim, Youngx2010,Suk,Lee, Youngx2010,Man,Park, Jaex2010,Sang,Lee, Sukx2010,Keun,Kim, Eunx2010,Cheol Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.111 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Bone resorptive cytokines contribute to bone loss in periodontal disease. However, the involvement of SIRT1 in high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)‐induced osteoclastic cytokine production remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SIRT1 in the responses of human periodontal ligament cells to HMGB1 and to identify the underlying mechanisms. The effect of HMGB1 on osteoclastic cytokine expression and secretion, and the regulatory mechanisms involved were studied by ELISA, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. HMGB1 upregulated the mRNA expression levels of the osteoclastic cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐11, and IL‐17. In addition, HMGB1 upregulated RANKL mRNA expression, and SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression. The upregulation of these cytokines by HMGB1 was attenuated by pretreatment with inhibitors of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and NF‐κB, as well as neutralizing antibodies against Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4. Inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol or SIRT1 siRNA blocked the HMGB1‐stimulated expression of RANKL and cytokines. These results suggest that the inhibition of SIRT1 may attenuate HMGB1‐mediated periodontal bone resorption through the modulation of osteoclastogenic cytokine levels in human periodontal ligament cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1310–1320, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Park, Joungx2010,Man,Wang, Zuox2010,Jia,Kwon, Dongx2010,Jun,Gu, Gax2010,Young,Um, Moonx2010,Kwang,DeVries, K. Lawrence Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Polymer composites Vol.33 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this preliminary study, micromechanical techniques were used to compare the interfacial properties of both carbon and glass fiber composites with two structurally different epoxy matrices (YD‐114 and YDF‐175) at ambient and relatively low temperatures (25°C and −10°C). Tensile modulus of elasticity for both epoxies was higher at lower temperature. Although both fibers exhibited more bimodality at lower temperature than at ambient temperature, glass fiber composites exhibited a statistically greater improvement in tensile strength. This may be attributed to differences in inherent flaws and rigidity. A decrement in stress was observed for YDF‐175 epoxy composites under cyclic loadings at both temperatures, which was attributed to lower interfacial shear strength (IFSS). In contrast to the IFSS of conventional YD‐114 epoxy composites, the IFSS of both the carbon and glass fibers/YDF‐175 epoxy composites studied was higher at the lower temperature. The microfailure pattern observed in microdroplet pullout tests was consistent with the other IFSS results. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation through the BMP/ERK/Wnt signaling pathways
Park, Kix2010,Ho,Kang, Jong Won,Lee, Eunx2010,Man,Kim, Jae Sik,Rhee, Yun Hee,Kim, Minseok,Jeong, Soo Jin,Park, Young Guk,Hoon Kim, Sung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of pineal research Vol.51 No.2
<P><B>Abstract: </B> Although melatonin has a variety of biological actions such as antitumor, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant activities, the osteogenic mechanism of melatonin still remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, the molecular mechanism of melatonin was elucidated in the differentiation of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells. Melatonin enhanced osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization compared to untreated controls in preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells. Also, melatonin increased wound healing and dose‐dependently activated osteogenesis markers such as runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN), bone morphogenic protein (BMP)‐2 and ‐4 in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Of note, melatonin activated Wnt 5 α/β, β‐catenin and the phosphorylation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) in a time‐dependent manner while it attenuated phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK‐3β) in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Consistently, confocal microscope observation revealed that BMP inhibitor Noggin blocked melatonin‐induced nuclear localization of β‐catenin. Furthermore, Western blotting showed that Noggin reversed activation of β‐catenin and Wnt5 α/β and suppression of GSK‐3β induced by melatonin in MC3T3‐E1 cells, which was similarly induced by ERK inhibitor PD98059. Overall, these findings demonstrate that melatonin promotes osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3‐E1 cells via the BMP/ERK/Wnt pathways.</P>
Chung, Kyungjae,Yu, Sunkyu,Heo, Chulx2010,Joon,Shim, Jae Won,Yang, Seungx2010,Man,Han, Moon Gyu,Lee, Hongx2010,Seok,Jin, Yongwan,Lee, Sang Yoon,Park, Namkyoo,Shin, Jung H. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.18
<P>The image shows a schematic representation of close‐packed multilayer reflecting columns with the same periodicity but with random variations in location, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions, that form the Morpho‐mimetic thin‐film structural color reflectors described in the manuscript by J. H. Shin and co‐workers, on page 2375. Overlaid are photographs of an actual Morpho butterfly, a 6‐inch diameter Morpho‐mimetic thin film that demonstrates its color, brightness, and flexibility, and images of cyan, green, and red ‘Morpho butterflies’ created from photos of Morpho‐mimetic thin films with corresponding colors. </P>
Park, Seungx2010,Yeol,Lee, Sungx2010,Hyeon,Kawasaki, Nana,Itoh, Satsuki,Kang, Keunsoo,Hee Ryu, Soo,Hashii, Noritaka,Kim, Jinx2010,Man,Kim, Jix2010,Yeon,Hoe Kim, Jung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.130 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Aberrant glycosylation has been observed in many types of cancer, but the mechanism of glycosylation change is still poorly understood. To elucidate relationships between glycosylation and colon cancer progression, we analyzed glycosylation status of β‐haptoglobin (β‐Hp) obtained from 46 cancer patients, 14 inflammatory bowel disease patients and 38 normal subjects. <I>Aleuria aurantia</I> lectin reactivity with cancer β‐Hp was much higher than in the other two study groups. These results were confirmed by lectin blotting and microarray assay using other lectins directed to fucosyl residues. Levels of such glycans were correlated with stage of colon cancer progression. Reactivity with fucosylated glycans was eliminated by treatment with α1‐3/4 fucosidase but not α1‐6 fucosidase, indicating that enhanced lectin reactivity with the fucose moiety of colon cancer β‐Hp is due to Fucα1‐3/4GlcNAc. Moreover, site‐specific glycan occupancy was determined by sequential LC/MS analysis. Mass spectrometric analysis showed that fucosylation of β‐Hp was higher in colon cancer patients than in other subjects. In particular, fucosylation at Asn 241 of β‐Hp in sera of colon cancer patients was clearly higher than in the other groups, and the ratio of fucosylated glycopeptides containing Asn 241 decreased greatly after treatment with α1‐3/4 fucosidase. In conclusion, the level of α1‐3/4 fucosyl epitope at Asn 241 of β‐Hp is potentially useful as a novel marker for colon cancer.</P>
Flexible, Angle‐Independent, Structural Color Reflectors Inspired by Morpho Butterfly Wings
Chung, Kyungjae,Yu, Sunkyu,Heo, Chulx2010,Joon,Shim, Jae Won,Yang, Seungx2010,Man,Han, Moon Gyu,Lee, Hongx2010,Seok,Jin, Yongwan,Lee, Sang Yoon,Park, Namkyoo,Shin, Jung H. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.24 No.18
<P><B>Thin‐film color reflectors inspired by Morpho butterflies</B> are fabricated. Using a combination of directional deposition, silica microspheres with a wide size distribution, and a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) encasing, a large, flexible reflector is created that actually provides better angle‐independent color characteristics than Morpho butterflies and which can even be bent and folded freely without losing its Morpho‐mimetic photonic properties.</P>
Ahn, Jangx2010,Hyuk,Jeong, Inx2010,Seek,Kwak, Byungx2010,Man,Leem, Donggil,Yoon, Taehyung,Yoon, Changyong,Jeong, Jayoung,Park, Jungx2010,Min,Kim, Jinx2010,Man WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 European journal of lipid science and technology Vol.114 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We developed a sample preparation method by using no‐heating saponification after dispersive SPE and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography for rapid determination of cholesterol in emulsified foods, such as cream pie, cream sandwich‐type biscuit, plate chocolate, and chocobar. Optimum cholesterol extraction was obtained by using 10 mL isopropyl alcohol and 8.0 g (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> per 1–2 g sample; saponification after extraction was performed using 25 mg KOH, 0.8 g NaCl, and 100 mg of a silica based NH<SUB>2</SUB> SPE material. The determined cholesterol concentration was within certified reference material limits, and results of the recovery test were in the range of 97.4 to 104.8% with a relative standard deviation between 2.14 and 3.80%. Since our method had less sample preparation and chromatographic separation times, we expect our method to be used for effective quality control processes for monitoring cholesterol concentrations in confectioneries.</P><P><B>Practical applications:</B> A rapid analytical method for determining the cholesterol concentration in emulsified confectioneries was developed by using UPLC. The assessed cholesterol levels after comparing them with the CRMs were within the permissible range; results of the recovery tests performed using spiked materials ranged from 97.4 to 104.8% with RSD between 2.14 and 3.80%. Thus, our method could be used for accurate and precise determination of cholesterol concentration at low analysis and pretreatment time.</P>
Lee, Yong Man,Kim, Young Hun,Lee, Jun Haeng,Park, Jong Hyeok,Park, Namx2010,Gyu,Choe, Woox2010,Seok,Ko, Min Jae,Yoo, Pil J. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.21 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A novel means of generating highly interconnected and nano‐channeled photoelectrodes by employing one‐dimensionally shaped M13 viruses as a sacrificial template is proposed for highly efficient dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The electrostatic binding between oppositely charged TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles and M13 viruses provides a uniform complexation and suppresses random aggregation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles. After the calcination process, the traces of viruses leave porously interconnected channel structures inside TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles, providing efficient paths for electrolyte contact as well as increased surface sites for dye adsorption. As a result, DSSCs generated using a sacrificial virus template exhibit an enhanced current density (<I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB>) of 12.35 mA cm‐<SUP>2</SUP> and a high photoconversion efficiency (<I>η</I>) of 6.32%, greater than those of conventional photoelectrodes made of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles (<I>J</I><SUB>SC</SUB> of 8.91 mA cm‐<SUP>2</SUP> and <I>η</I> of 4.67%). In addition, the stiffness and shape of the M13 virus can be varied, emphasizing the usefulness of the one‐dimensional structural characteristics of M13 viruses for the highly interconnected porous structure of DSSC photoelectrodes.</P>