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Orthostatic Intolerance Ambulation in Patients Using Patient Controlled Analgesia
Park, Kwang Ok,Lee, Yoon Young The Korean Pain Society 2013 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.26 No.3
Background: Opioid analgesics are widely used to reduce postoperative pain and to enhance post-operative recovery. However, orthostatic intolerance (OI) induced by opioid containing intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IPCA) may hinder postoperative recovery. This study investigated factors that affect OI in patients receiving IPCA for postoperative pain control. Methods: OI was instantly evaluated at the time of first ambulation in 175 patients taking opioid containing IPCA after open and laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomies. Patients were classified as having OI if they experienced dizziness, nausea/vomiting, blurred vision, headache, somnolence and syncope. Factors contributing to OI were assessed with logistic regression analysis. Results: Out of 175 patients, 61 (52.6%) male and 44 (74.6%) female patients experienced OI at the time of first ambulation. The frequency of OI related symptoms were dizziness (97, 55.4%), nausea (46, 26.3%), headache (9, 5.1%), blurred vision (3, 1.7%) and vomiting (2, 1.1%). Significant risk factors for OI were gender (P=0.002) and total amount of opioids administered (P=0.033). Conclusions: The incidence of OI is significantly higher in male than in female patients and is influenced by the opioid dose.
The Evaluation of Excess Biomass Growth in Sewers
Park, Jin-Hwa,Lee, Young-Ok,Park, Jae-Kwang 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.20 No.5
A few sections of the sewers in Watertown were experiencing clogging due to an excess biomass growth. It was suspected that the wastewaters discharged from Fisher-Barton's two facilities were causing excess biomass growth. Madison raw sewage had a slightly lower biomass growth than the mixture of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage samples. From microscopic examination biomass, the main cause of excess biomass growth is thought to be toilet tissue. Biomass is attached to toilet tissue, decomposing it gradually and generating extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Then suspended particulates including graphite and precipitates are attached to the biomass and filamentous organic, especially Sphaerotilus natans, leading to the increase in the biomass volume. We found that the filamentous bacteria were present in biofilm by FISH. A significant amount of graphite was embedded to biomass grown in sewer. Since the major cause of excess biomass appeared to be toilet tissue, it would not be economical to employ a filtration system for complete graphite separation. Instead, it is recommended that the manufacturing process where graphite is used be assessed and a best management practice is in place.
The Changes in the Physical Properties of Soil with Tillage Methods (I)
Park, Jun-Gul,Lee, Gu-Seung,Cho, Sung-Chan,Chang, Young-Chang,Noh, Kwang-Mo,Chung, Sun-Ok Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2005 Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Vol.6 No.2
In the study, the cone index, the cohesion and the internal resistant angle of soil were measured before and after tillage in order to suggest relative improvement in soil properties. The tillage methods tested in the study were five combinations of plow and rotary tillage operation and the experiments were performed on five selected test fields. The maximum tillage depth was 20 cm under the ground. The CIs for all the tillage operations were improved in comparison with those before tillage. The best combination of tillage operations for improving the CIs of soil was one plow operation followed by one rotary. After applying the tillage operations, the internal resistance angle reduced by 7-8 degree and the cohesion decreased up to about $1N/cm^2$ in comparison with those before tillage. We concluded that the cone index, the cohesion and the internal resistant angle of soil could be used as measures for representing the relative degree of tillage for a specific tillage operation. In addition, the study was useful as a basic research tool for developing an decision making system that determines an optimal tillage method with soil properties.
Park, Jang-Su,Jung, Kyoung Ok,Kim, Jong Cheul,Kim, Kwang Ho,Park, Nam Gyu,Suh, Hong Suk,Kang, Shin Won 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-
Mastoparan B (MP-B) is a tetradecapeptide toxin isolated from the venom of the homest (Vespa basalins), and is pn-mary structure has been deiemnned as H-LKLKSIVSWA-KKVL-NH. the peptide belongs to the mastoparan homo-loges of cespod venoms. Mastoparan is known to modulate several kinds of enzymes, imcluding calmodulin sensitive phosphodiesterase, phospgolipase A and some kinds of GTP-binding regulatory proteins Furthermore, mastoparan was found to interact with phospholipid membrane and to perturb the ion permeability of black lipid membrane. In this study, we analyzed the interactions of MP-B with unilamellar vesicles. Such interaction induces the release of aqueous content of liposomes alone or leakage followed of vesicle fusion, depending upon charges of vesicles and peptides employed, respectively. Finally, a model showing the relationship between peptide interactions. aggregation. leakage and fusion effects is proposed
Park, Chan Woo,Hwang, Yu Im,Koo, Hwa Seon,Kang, Inn Soo,Yang, Kwang Moon,Song, In Ok The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2014 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.41 No.4
Objective: To assess whether an early GnRH antagonist start leads to better follicular synchronization and an improved clinical pregnancy rate (CPR). Methods: A retrospective cohort study. A total of 218 infertile women who underwent IVF between January 2011 and February 2013. The initial cohort (Cohort I) that underwent IVF between January 2011 and March 2012 included a total of 68 attempted IVF cycles. Thirty-four cycles were treated with the conventional GnRH antagonist protocol, and 34 cycles with an early GnRH antagonist start protocol. The second cohort (Cohort II) that underwent IVF between June 2012 and February 2013 included a total of 150 embryo-transfer (ET) cycles. Forty-three cycles were treated with the conventional GnRH antagonist protocol, 34 cycles with the modified early GnRH antagonist start protocol using highly purified human menopause gonadotropin and an addition of GnRH agonist to the luteal phase support, and 73 cycles with the GnRH agonist long protocol. Results: The analysis of Cohort I showed that the number of mature oocytes retrieved was significantly higher in the early GnRH antagonist start cycles than in the conventional antagonist cycles (11.9 vs. 8.2, p=0.04). The analysis of Cohort II revealed higher but non-significant CPR/ET in the modified early GnRH antagonist start cycles (41.2%) than in the conventional antagonist cycles (30.2%), which was comparable to that of the GnRH agonist long protocol cycles (39.7%). Conclusion: The modified early antagonist start protocol may improve the mature oocyte yield, possibly via enhanced follicular synchronization, while resulting in superior CPR as compared to the conventional antagonist protocol, which needs to be studied further in prospective randomized controlled trials.
Post-market surveillance assay of veterinary medicines in Korea during 2009∼2012
( Kwang Jick Lee ),( Jeong Woo Kang ),( Sung Won Park ),( Jae Jo Kim ),( Seong Joon Joh ),( Heui Jin Kim ),( Meung Ju Chae ),( Soon Ok Jee ),( Seon Jong Yun ),( Byung Jae So ) 한국예방수의학회 2013 예방수의학회지 Vol.37 No.3
As veterinary medicine industry has grown up steadily, the government quality control of veterinary medicine in market has been performed since 1964. The result of post-market surveillance assay from 2009 to 2012 was analyzed in this study. The average violation rate of all veterinary medicines, was 3.2%, 2.8%, 2.8% and 1.4% in 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. The total average violation rate in the category of antibiotics, other drugs except antibiotics, biologics were 1.2%, 4.4% and 0.8%, respectively. The violations due to insufficiency of major active ingredient content occupied 76.7% among the total violations. The most frequent violated in antibiotics were ampicillin and tylosin, followed by sulfonamides, penicillins etc. In case of other drugs except antibiotics, vitamin A and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone and prednisolone) were violated frequently. The overall trend of violation rates gradually decreased from 2009 to 2012, suggesting that quality of veterinary medicines has improved according to Korea Veterinary Good Manufacturing Practice (KVGMP) system settled down in 1988.
Molecular regulation of kidney development
Ok-Hee Chai,Chang-Ho Song,Sung-Kwang Park,Won Kim,Eui-Sic Cho 대한해부학회 2013 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.46 No.1
Genetically engineered mice have provided much information about gene function in the field of developmental biology. Recently, conditional gene targeting using the Cre/loxP system has been developed to control the cell type and timing of the target gene expression. The increase in number of kidney-specific Cre mice allows for the analysis of phenotypes that cannot be addressed by conventional gene targeting. The mammalian kidney is a vital organ that plays a critical homeostatic role in the regulation of body fluid composition and excretion of waste products. The interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells are very critical events in the field of developmental biology, especially renal development. Kidney development is a complex process, requiring inductive interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells that eventually lead to the growth and differentiation of multiple highly specialized stromal, vascular, and epithelial cell types. Through the use of genetically engineered mouse models, the molecular bases for many of the events in the developing kidney have been identified. Defective morphogenesis may result in clinical phenotypes that range from complete renal agenesis to diseases such as hypertension that exist in the setting of grossly normal kidneys. In this review, we focus on the growth and transcription factors that define kidney progenitor cell populations, initiate ureteric bud branching, induce nephron formation within the metanephric mesenchyme, and differentiate stromal and vascular progenitors in the metanephric mesenchyme.