한반도 서남부 지역에 서식하는 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans) 번식기 울음소리 연구

김성진(Sung-Jin Kim),박종길(Jong-Gil Park),홍길표(Gil-Pyo Hong),채희영(Hee-Young Chae) 한국조류학회II 2008 한국조류학회지 Vol.15 No.2

포획조사를 실시하여 동정된 개체를 대상으로 섬휘파람새(Cettia diphone cantans)의 번식기 울음소리를 녹음하였으며 다도해(홍도), 월출산(춘양리, 도갑사, 금릉경포대)으로부터 총 8개체 240 song을 녹음 분석하였다. 조사지역별 번식기 울음소리의 동질성 검사를 통해 통일 집단 여부 분석결과 다도해(홍도 n=3; 72 song)와 월출산(춘양리 n=3; 80 song, 도갑사 n=1; 68 song, 금릉경포대 n=1; 20 song)에서 모든 조사지역의 개체들이 동일 집단을 형성하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 동일 장소에서 녹음한 다도해 홍도 3 개체와 월출산 춘양리 3 개체만이 각각 동일 집단을 형성하였다. 번식기 울음소리의 유형은 다도해(홍도) 5 개, 월출산(춘양리) 5 개, 월출산(도갑사) 4 개, 월출산(금릉경포대) 4 개로 나타났다. 홍도와 춘양리 두 집단의 각각의 상관분석 결과 NNWP와 NNSP, COM이 강한 음의 상관관계(홍도 R=-0.97, 춘양리 R=-0.95)를 나타내었으며, NNSP와 COM이 일치하는 것(두 집단 모두 R=1.00)으로 나타나 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 번식기 울음소리의 경향을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 녹음한 섬휘파람새 전체의 번식기 울음소리는 일관되게 A, B 유형의 두 가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 번식기 울음소리의 두 가지 유형을 T 검정 결과 NNWP, MIWP, DWP, NNSP, MASP, DSP, COM 요인에서 차이가 나타났다(P<0.01). 번식기 울음소리 유형의 조사지역별 및 각 집단 간의 차이는 동종 개체군간의 경쟁 및 번식 전략의 선택과 같은 생태학적 요인과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 번식기 울음소리 발달상의 변이에 의해 개체별 변이가 나타나는 것으로 판단된다. Communicative interaction are the essence of all animal societies, so it is appropriate to examine communication as a way to gain insight into social structure and thereby generate hypotheses about genetic structure. It is worth pointing out a suggestive pattern in the class Aves, with respect to the approach to genetic population structure by study of vocal communication. Last study of Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone overlooked for distribution and song structure between subspecies. This study is Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans distribution and song structure of the population in South-West Korea. Population distribution researched by banding. Identified Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans record total 8 individuals 240 songs in Hong island, Dadohae National Park and Chunyang-ri; Dogap temple; Kumneung Kyungpo post, Wolchulsan National Park. song homogenity (MANOVA) analyzed each study area. Only the individual which records from identical place formed identical group. Each study site has 5 song types in Hong island and Chunyang-ri, 4 song types in Dogap temple and Kumneung Kyungpo post. But analyzed of all Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song divided A or B type with parameters (NNWP, NNSP, and COM). Paired t-test against A or B type of song differed from most parameter significant (P<0.01). We analyzed correlation between Hong Is. and Cunyang-ri in sample size, each region was related to negative correlation (Hong Is.: R=-97, Chunyang-ri: R=-95; P<0.01). Moreover, we analyzed NNSP and COM which are accord with correlation (R=1.00). Difference of each study site of song type are thought to intra-species male-male competition and selection of breeding strategy. In addition, repertoire size difference in each site are thought to received the effect of the variation of song development and cultural mutation. Variable variation, that even only affected to song type and repertoire size, and so Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone cantans song study have to much investigation.

대전시 도시숲의 식생 및 토양특성에 관한 연구

김동일 ( Dong Il Kim ),박관수 ( Gwan Soo Park ),김길남 ( Gil Nam Kim ),김현숙 ( Hyoun Sook Kim ),이항구 ( Hang Goo Lee ),박범환 ( Beom Hwan Park ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ),강길남 ( Kil Nam Kang ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2011 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.14 No.2

This study was conducted to suggest appropriate methods for management of urban forest after investigating the present condition and problems of urban forests by analyzing vegetation and soil properties in urban forests in the Daejeon. On the basis of our research, Pinus rigida dominate Gyejoksan and Bomunsan. Pinus densiflora dominate Wolpyeong park and Quercus acutissima dominate Namsun park. On the basis of our result of analysis of soil chemical properties, all investigated areas have low pHs, available phosphates and exchangeable cations. They indicate that the soil of those areas have been acidifying progressively. Soil hardness measurements were conducted to know the conditions of trampled soils and the results of them show that soil hardness in Namsun park was higher than the others. This indicates that human interference affect the health of the urban forest.

원어강의의 의미

박진길 중앙대학교 외국어문학연구소 2004 외국학연구 Vol.- No.8

In dieser Arbeit soll eine notwendige Arbeitsmethode vorgestellt werden, und zwar zur Beherrschung der natu¨rlichen Sprache, die eine unbegrenzte groβe Menge des Sprachchmaterials ist. Dam gibt es nur die Einsprachigkeit im (Fremd)spachenunterricht(FU), in der alles in jeweiliger Sprache gefu¨hrt werden soll. (a) Die natu¨rliche Sprache besteht aus etwas 500,000 Wo¨rtern. Jede A¨uβerrung bzw, jeder Satz(A¨/S) wird ihre Kombination. So sind 120 A¨/Se nur aus 5 Wo¨rtern zu gestalten. Man kann sich u¨berhaupt nicht vorstellen, wie viele A¨/Se in einer Sprache geschaffen werden. Trotzdem ist die Sprache/Kommunikation notwendig fu¨r alle Leute. In dieser Situation ist da Spracherwerbsmechanismus des Menschen genetisch, also durch Evolution - gegen eine Unmo¨glichkeit - gesichert. (b) Dazu geht es urn eine notwendige Einsprachigkeit im Sprachunterricht, wie sie im Fall der Muttersprache der Fall ist. Zum erfolgreichen Sprach- erweb/-unterricht braucht man die Sprachminimalquantita¨t(SMQ) zu erfu¨l- len. Dadurch kann man das Regelsystem in der SMQ (jeweiliger Sprache) bewa¨ltigen, was nur eine einzige Mo¨glichkeit ist, eine Sprache perfekt zu beherrschen. (c) Die Einsprachigkeit im FU ist jedem mo¨glich je nach Lehr-/Lern-methode(LLM). Dazu braucht man nur Mut und Bewusstsein, dass man etwas Mo¨gliches noch mo¨licher machen will. Dies ist auch die Grundlage fu¨r die Erfolgslehre und fu¨r die Beherrschung einer Fremdsprache Und man muss daran denken, wie wichtig die Bildung im 21. Jahrhundert behandelt werden soll. In dieser Situation muss/soll die Einsprachigkeit im FU in der Fakulta¨t fu¨r Fremdsprachen bzw, in der Lehrer-Ausbildung nicht als beliebge Auswahl, sondern als notwendige Aufgabe/LLM akzeptiert werden. In diesem Jahrhundert, wo man eine neue Weltanschauung und Denkweise fu¨r die Digitalkultur braucht, kann die konventionelle Bildung/FU innerhalb der Universita¨t/Schule nicht immer als Ausnahme angenommen werden. D.h. >man soll sich zuna¨chst vera¨ndem, um mehr zu erreichen<.

언어의 표면성과 내면성

박진길 중앙대학교 외국어문학연구소 2000 외국학연구 Vol.- No.4

ZusammenfassungBis jetzt hat man sich lange Zeit beschäftigt, eine allgemeingültige UG festzustellen. Sie istnicht nur mit der Explizitheit der Sprache, sondern auch mit deren Implizitheit verbunden.Aus dieser Arbeit werden die folgenden Punkte hervorgetragen:(1) Die natürliche Sprache ist ein Zeichensystem, das sowohl ununterbrochen miteinander verbunden als auch voneinander analysiert werden kann. Diese Regeln Könnte je nach der einzelnen Sprache verschieden sein, was man beherrschen muß, um die Sprache flißend zu sprechen.(2) Die Sprachforschung sollte man auf der Grundlage der Explizitheit der entsprechenden Sprache, d.h. indem man ihre konkrete Realisierung genau beobachtet, zu deren Implizitheit durchführen konnen.(3) Zur allgemeingültigen UG muß man sich nicht nur mit der Explizitheit der Sprache, sondern auch mit deren Implizitheit befassen. Damit verbunden sind auch die Infinitheit des Koreanischen bzw. Japanischen zu analysieren, wodurch ein Kernsatz besteht.(4) Je genauer die Wortstellung einer Sprache festgestellt wird, desto besser wird ihre Übersetzungsprobleme gelöst. Denn die Wortstellung und die Übersetzungsreige stehen in der engen Beziehung.(a) In der Übersetzung mu die Präpositionalität bzw. Postpositionalität zur Sprach-typologie berücksichtigt werden.(b) Die Zweiteilung des Satzes in Subjekt⒮ und Prädikat/erweiterte VP ermög-licht uns, eine regelmäßige Übersetzung zu untersuchen.(c) Die Satzstruktur kann nicht nur dutch die syntakitsche Analyse, sindern auch durch die natürliche Übersetung befaßt werden.(d) Ein gleich bedeutendes Verb, z,B. in anderen Sprachen, könnte eine ähn-liche Theta-Rolle behalten, was weiter im Sinne der UG untersucht werden muß.(5) Did Regelmäßigkeit und die Entwicklungstendenz bzw. -richtung in der Sprache haben viel mit deren Einheitlichungsprozeß zu tun, der eigentlich von der Ökonomie des Menschen verursacht werden kann.Die sprachliche Implizitheit kontrolliert ihre gesamte synataktische Gestalt und ihre Bedeutung. Ihr könnte man sich allmählich mähern, indem man ihre Realisierung, die oberflächen Struktur, beobacht und analysiert. Darüber hinaus brauchen wir sowohl die Sprache als solche als auch die Gestik und Mimik des Menschen intensiv zu untersuchen, um die menschliche Kommunikation vollständig zu verstehen.

손상받은고양이 줄무늬체에서 축삭반응에 관한 미세구조적 연구

양남길,조영열,안의태,고정식,박경호,김진국 대한해부학회 1994 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.27 No.3

탄산칼슘의 고온건식 탈황반응성 연구

박노국,유성구,서길수,이태진 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 2000 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.2

The sulfidation reaction of calcium carbonate to remove H2S were investigated. Expecially, the effect of polymorphs of calcium carbonate and reaction temperature on the sulfur capture were determined. It was found that calcination reaction of calcium carbonate were influenced by polymorphs of calcium carbonate. The calcination temperatures of aragonite were lower than those of other calcium carbonates. For the sulfidation of calcite with H2S, the effect of reaction temperature on the sulfur capture were not found. But in caes of vaterite and aragonite, the reaction temperature were found to have a significant effect on the sulfidation reaction. From in these results, optimum temperatures of sulfidation reaction using vaterite and aragonite were determined at 800∼850℃ and 750℃, respectively.

언어습득의 3대 요소와 외국어 교육

박진길 중앙대학교 외국어문학연구소 2003 외국학연구 Vol.- No.7

심판판정이 핸드볼 경기에 미치는 영향

박천조,이후봉,백상서,김경진,안길영 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

This study has been conducted to offer as a reference material for follow-up research by other handball related researchers in this field study about handball. Knowing that the decision of the referees play a big role in the result of the game, we hope this study pave the way for future researchers, To achieve these goals, this study was selected with professional and amateur handball players as control group. The data were analized by One-way ANOVA and Multful regression using SPSS 11.0 for windows, This study resulted as the following : These decision of the referees differed according to the sex of the handball players. Female handball players showed a more positive attitude toward the referees decisions, Also, female and male handball players all thought the referees decision affect the result of the game but in particular, female players thought the referees were stricter than to male players, Meanwhile, according to the result of the survey of the relationship between the players awareness and experience, it turns out that the quality of the game resulted from the quality of the referees, After analyzing the awareness of players, tit was found that a crucial amount of the players consciousness was affected by the attitude of the referees. In this sense, handball players tend to become overly sensitive to the referees that, handball players. The analysis also represents the players consciousness to the referees but at the same time no findings proved that there is a certain impact on the result of the game. According to the results of this surrey, the handball players showed little confidence for the referees and this affects the result of the game. However when it comes to the impact of the referees on the game, the decision of the referees have consistency in making decisions of the game, and this has no actual affect on the result of the game. The reason these results come out is because it's a characteristic of handball but further analysis and theories should be made.

전기이중층 캐패시터의 집전체에 자성물질의 도금과 전기화학적 특성

최진권, 박수길 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 2013 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 논문집 Vol.32 No.1

본문참고

신경교세포 및 RAW 264.7 세포에서 Protein kinase의 활성에 의한 유도성 Nitric oxide synthase의 발현

박상철,노삼길,배소현,박지선,이충재,허강민,석정호,이재흔 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

NO(nitric oxide) plays an important role as neurotransmitter or cytokine, and pathologic factor for some diseases by the large amount production with iNOS(inducible NO synthase) expression in macrophages or glial cells. The expression of iNOS is regulated by various cytokines, protein kinases and transcription factors. In this experiment, to investigate the roles of progein kinase and NF-kB for iNOS expression, the effects of PMA(phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), cAMP, and various protein kinase inhibitors on LPS(lipopolysaccharide)-induced iNOS mRNAN expression and nuclear NF-kB binding complex were examined in C6 glial cells and RAW 264.7 cells. In C6 glial cells, iNOS mRNA expression by LPS was induced from 1 hour and peak at 3 hour after treatment. In RAW 264.7 cells, the mRNA was observed from 3 hour and peak at 6 hour. PMA enhanced markedly LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression and NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells, but did not much influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells, in spite of increased LPS-induced NF-kB binding complex at 30 min. cAMP(dibutyryl cAMP) did not much influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression, by increased LPS-induced NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells. However, in RAW 264.7 cells, cAMP increased slightly LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression without change of NF-kB binding complex. Staurosporine did not influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression and NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells, but in RAW 264.7 cells, decreased LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression and NF-kB binding complex. Ro-31-8220 did not much influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression and NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells, but in RAW 264.7 cells, decreased significantly LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression in spite of increased LPS-induced NF-kB binding complex for 3hours. G 6976 did not much influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression with decreased NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells, but in RAW 264.7 cells, decreased iNOS mRNA expression without influence on LPS-induced NF-kB binding complex. Genistein did not influence on LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression and NF-kB binding complex in C6 glial cells, but in RAW 264.7 cells, decreased LPS-induced iNOS mRNA expression inspite of increased NF-kB binding complex. These results suggest that LPS-induced regulation of iNOS expression or NF-kB activity in C6 glial cells, might be different from RAW 264.7 cells through various protein kinases or other factors.