Overlapping regionalism around the world: Introducing the overlapping regionalism dataset

Panke Diana,Stapel Sören 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2023 International Area Studies Review Vol.26 No.4

Regional cooperation often leads to the establishment of regional international organizations (RIOs). Due to the increasing number of RIOs, their growing membership size and their broadening policy scope, RIOs frequently overlap with each other with regard to membership and mandate. Overlaps may lead to conflicts amongst affected organizations and potentially limit the prospects for regional prosperity and peace. Although overlapping regionalism has become ubiquitous in many regions, we do not systematically know the extent of the phenomenon. Therefore, the paper presents an original dataset about overlapping regionalism and introduces a typology of overlaps between two RIOs. The OVREG dataset includes both raw data of shared member states and policy competencies and information about distinct types of overlap between affected RIOs for 73 RIOs, 193 states and 344 policy competencies in the period between 1945 and 2020. A descriptive analysis of trajectories and patterns shows that overlapping regionalism in general and the different overlap types have spread over time and across world regions. Nevertheless, regional particularities persist. Thus, the OVREG dataset allows for examining the causes of overlaps, the potential negative consequences of overlapping regionalism and the variety of coping mechanisms at the disposal of affected RIOs.

GIS-based Metallogenic Prognosis of Lead-Zinc Deposits in China

Tang Panke(당판과),Wang Chunyan(왕춘연) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2015 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.20 No.12

In this paper, we introduce the application of several currently-representative methods for mineral resources potential assessment on Geographic information system(hereinafter referred to as GIS), and combined with mineral resources potential assessment performed in China and with lead–zinc deposits taken as an example, summarized and divided minerals prediction and assessment models; on this basis, this paper presented the process of metallogenic prognosis based on MRAS platform, and made a simple analysis on existing problems.

Carbon metabolism and product inhibition determine the epoxidation efficiency of solvent-tolerant Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120ΔC

Park, Jin-Byung,Bü,hler, Bruno,Panke, Sven,Witholt, Bernard,Schmid, Andreas Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.98 No.6

<P>Utilization of solvent tolerant bacteria as biocatalysts has been suggested to enable or improve bioprocesses for the production of toxic compounds. Here, we studied the relevance of solvent (product) tolerance and inhibition, carbon metabolism, and the stability of biocatalytic activity in such a bioprocess. Styrene degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120 is shown to be solvent tolerant and was engineered to produce enantiopure (S)-styrene oxide from styrene. Whereas glucose as sole source for carbon and energy allowed efficient styrene epoxidation at rates up to 97 µmol/min/(g cell dry weight), citrate was found to repress epoxidation by the engineered Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120ΔC emphasizing that carbon source selection and control is critical. In comparison to recombinant Escherichia coli, the VLB120ΔC-strain tolerated higher toxic product levels but showed less stable activities during fed-batch cultivation in a two-liquid phase system. Epoxidation activities of the VLB120ΔC-strain decreased at product concentrations above 130 mM in the organic phase. During continuous two-liquid phase cultivations at organic-phase product concentrations of up to 85 mM, the VLB120ΔC-strain showed stable activities and, as compared to recombinant E. coli, a more efficient glucose metabolism resulting in a 22% higher volumetric productivity. Kinetic analyses indicated that activities were limited by the styrene concentration and not by other factors such as NADH availability or catabolite repression. In conclusion, the stability of activity of the solvent tolerant VLB120ΔC-strain can be considered critical at elevated toxic product levels, whereas the efficient carbon and energy metabolism of this Pseudomonas strain augurs well for productive continuous processing. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;98: 1219–1229. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

목민심서에 나타난 다산의 서학사상

朴東玉 聖心女子大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Honeycomb 격자에서의 확률보행의 해에 관한 연구

박지현,진범순 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

이 논문에서는 하나의 출발점을 갖는 2차원 honeycomb lattice 위에서의 확률보행을 연구하였다. 흡수벽을 가지고 있는 honeycomb lattice에서 (a,b)서 출발하여 흡수벽에 도달하기 전에 (p,q)에 도달할 기대값F(p,q)을 구함에 있어 difference equation을 이용하였으며 absorbing boundary condition과 p와q에 대한 조건들을 세분화함으로써 lattice위의점들에 대한 좀 더 정확한 기대값을 구하고자하였다. 따라서 출발점(a,b)에 다하여 a가 짝수일 때와 홀수일 때에 따른 F(p,q)와 F^(p,q)를 구함으로서 격자내의 확률보행의 모습을 살펴볼 수가 있었으며 수치적 값들을 비교하였다. 2차원 honeycomb 격자에서의 확률보행을 살펴봄으로써 3,4차원의 다른 격자들에서의 확률보행 또한 연구해볼 수 있는 기반을 마련한 것이다.

Post Production in a Multi-format Environment

Pank, R. A. The Korean Institute of Broadcast and Media Engine 1999 방송과 미디어 Vol.4 No.4

The introduction of broadcast digital television (DTV) was, at one time, seen as an opportunity to rationalise video formats. The reality is quite different with a rapid divergence as the united States' ATSC offers 18 formats to cover both standard definition (SD) and high definition (HD), and yet more are supported by Europe's DVB. At the same time multi-media is expanding both as an area for source material and for finished work. Post production needs to move away from single-format facilities as requirements for multi-format operation is already increasing. A 'format-independent' solution is described which allows efficient operation with any mix of input formats and able to output any format with high quality. Attention is given to retaining the speed, accuracy and immediacy which is a feature of today's professional facilities -even while handling the greater demands of HD. Another route, using 24 frames-per-second is also examined.

노인 운동프로그램이 노인의 건강상태와 우울에 미치는 효과

박정모(Pank, Jeong-Mo),한신희(Han, Shin-Hi) 한국간호과학회 2003 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.33 No.2

EM알고리즘에 의한 다변량 혼합정규분포하의 분류방법

황강진,박정욱,유희경 三陟大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.33 No.1

Cluster analysis is a technique for unsuoervised classification which the group information is not available. General cluster analysis uses euclidean distance as a measure of group similarity. However, it might cause some problem such as ignoring the pattern of the groups which is characterized by the relationships between variables. Hence general clustering method can lead to misclassification problem. It is worth considering mixture distributions for the classification. That is each cluster or group has its own distribution and they are mixed together. The main purpose here is to find which group has the maximum probability for each observation to be classified. EM algorithm is a useful technique to find the maximum likelifood estimator from incomplete data. In this paper, we assume that each group follows multivariate normal distribution and consider that the given data are incomplete because there is not the group information. We introduce new variable which indicates the group information. Then the augmented data becomes complete data. EM algorithm is used to estimated conditional expection for group information variable from the complete likelifood function. The effect of EM algorithm is compared to k-means clustering by misclassification probability.

경추골 성숙지표와 하악골 성장

배진희,박효상,성재현 대한치과교정학회 1997 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.27 No.3

하악골의 성장은 골격적 요인이 동반된 III급 부정교합자의 치료의 결과, 예후에 중대한 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 특히 성장기 환자의 경우 성장의 조절을 통하여 효과적인 치료를 기할 수 있으므로 개개인의 성장양상을 평가하기 위한 여러 방법들에 관하여 선학들의 많은 연구가 있어왔다. 본 연구에서는 하악골 성장예측의 지표로 경추골 성숙도를 이용한 골령평가법이 유용한 지를 알아보기 위해 1972년 Lamparski에 의해 제안된 표준 경추골 성숙단계를 이용하여 정상교합자 남자 18명, 여자 14명의 8.5세세서 18.5세까지 매 2년 간격으로 촬영한 측모두부방사선 규격사진 192매에 나타난 경추골 성숙도와 하악골 및 신장의 성장간의 관련성을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 8.5세에서 14.5세까지는 동일한 연령군에서 여자가 남자보다 높은 경추골 성숙단계를 나타내었다. 2. 동일한 경추골 성숙단계에 도달하는 평균연령은 일반적으로 여자가 남자보다 이른 나이를 보였다. 3. 일반적으로 경추골 성숙단계 3-4단계간에 하악골 및 신장의 최대성장이 일어났다. 4. 경추골 성숙도와 하악골의 성장간에는 일정한 관련성이 있어 경추골 성숙도를 하악골 성장예측의 지표로 사용하는 것이 가능할 것으로 생각된다. In order to investigate the possibility of using a cervical vertebral maturation indicator as a mandibular growth indicator, the relationship of cervical vertebral maturation and mandibular & body height growth changes was assessed in biennial serial lateral cephalometric raadiographs of eighteen korean male and fourteen korean female while they were 8.5 to 18.5 years old. The following results were obtained. 1. It was a reliable method to evaluate skeletal maturation by using cervical vertebrae. 2. In general, cervical vertebral maturation stages of females were higher than those of males at the same age and there were significant differences in statistics at the age of 10.5, 14.5. 3. The age of a female at the same cervical vertebral maturation stage were earlier than that of a male. 4. In the case of males, significant Ar-Gn increases were found between stage 3 and 4,5; Ar-Co increases between stage 4 and 5. 5. In the case of females, significant S-Gn and Ar-Gn increases were found between stage 3 and 4. 6. Significant body height increases were found between stage 3 and 4 in both sexes. 7. The peak velocity of body height and mandibular length was observed between cervical vertebral maturation stage 3 and 4 in both sexes. 8. The relationship between mandibular & body height changes and specific maturation state of cervical vertebra was found, therefore using a cervical vertebral maturation indicator as mandibular growth indicator is quite within realms of possibility.

Post Production in a Multi-format Environment

R. A. Pank 한국방송공학회 1999 방송과 미디어 Vol.4 No.4